Ipomoea

Morning glory Ipomoea violacea, from here.

Belongs within: Convolvuloideae.

Ipomoea is a cosmopolitan genus of twining herbs, many of which are commonly referred to as morning glories. Notable members include the kumara or sweet potato I. batatas, widely grown for its edible tubers. Water spinach or kangkong I. aquatica is cultivated in Asia as a vegetable green. The beach morning glory I. pes-caprae is a pantropical species found growing on the upper parts of sandy shores; its seeds are tolerant of salt water and may be widely dispersed by oceanic currents.

Characters (from Allan 1961): Twining prostrate or scrambling herbs, often lianoid, with alternate, variously cut leaves. Flowers pentamerous, large, ebracteate, axillary, solitary or in cymes. Outer calyx-lobes or sepals usually larger than inner, erect. Corolla usually broad-funnelform, limb sometimes angled or lobed. Staminal filaments filiform, stigma capitate or with two globose lobes. Capsule usually subglobose, four-valved. Seeds glabrous or pubescent.

<==Ipomoea Linnaeus 1753 A61
    |--I. sect. Batatas ST98
    |    |--‘Batatas’ acetosaefolia C55a
    |    |--I. batatas ST98 [incl. Convolvulus chrysorhizus C06]
    |    |--‘Batatas’ edulis [incl. Convolvulus batatas] C55b
    |    |--‘Batatas’ littoralis [=Convolvulus littoralis] C55b
    |    |--‘Batatas’ paniculata [=Convolvulus paniculatus; incl. Ipomoea insignis] C55b
    |    `--‘Batatas’ pentaphylla [=Ipomoea pentaphylla] C55b
    |--I. sect. Calonyction ST98
    |    |--I. alba ST98
    |    |--‘Calonyction’ speciosum [incl. Ipomoea bona-nox] C55b
    |    `--I. turbinata ST98
    |--I. sect. Eriospermum ST98
    |    |--I. anisomeres ST98
    |    |--I. batatoides ST98
    |    |--I. eremnobrocha ST98
    |    |--I. habeliana ST98
    |    |--I. horsfalliae ST98
    |    |--I. reticulata ST98
    |    `--I. umbraticola ST98
    |--I. sect. Erpipomoea ST98
    |    |--I. aquatica ST98
    |    `--I. violacea ST98
    |--I. sect. Mina ST98
    |    |--I. hederifolia ST98
    |    `--I. neei ST98
    |--I. (sect. Orthipomoea) cairica ST98
    |    |--I. c. ssp. cairica ST98
    |    `--I. c. ssp. brasiliensis ST98
    `--I. sect. Pharbitis ST98
         |--‘Pharbitis’ cathartica C38
         |--I. eriocarpa ST98
         |--I. nil P88 [=Convolvulus nil C55b, Pharbitis nil C55b]
         `--I. setifera ST98

Ipomoea incertae sedis:
  *I. pes-tigridis SAO03
  I. abrupta VT13
  I. biloba YZ02
  I. calobra ST98
  I. carnea ST98
    |--I. c. ssp. carnea H06
    `--I. c. ssp. fistulosa H06
  I. coptica C55a
  I. costata VT13
  I. diamantinensis Black ex Eardley 1965 E65
  I. diversifolia LK14
  I. fastigiata [=Convolvulus fastigiatus] C55b
  I. filicaulis C55b
  I. gracilis E65
  I. graminea VT13
  I. hastata BR65
  I. hederacea GR98 [=Pharbitis hederacea C55b]
  I. heterophylla BR65
  I. indica H06
  I. involucrata C55a
  I. lonchophylla BR65
  I. macrantha VT13
  I. malvaeoides F11
  I. mammosa [=Batata mammosa, Convolvulus mammosus] C55b
  I. mauritiana LC02
  I. muelleri BR65
  I. muricata C55a
  I. mutabilis H93 [incl. I. acuminata H93, Pharbitis acuminata C55a]
  I. oligantha C55a
  I. palmata Forsk. 1775 A61 (see below for synonymy)
  I. pes-caprae (Linnaeus) Roth 1821 [=Convolvulus pes-caprae Linnaeus 1753] A61
    |--I. p. ssp. pes-caprae P88
    `--I. p. ssp. brasiliensis P88
  I. plebeja E65
  I. polpha ST98
  I. polymorpha M99
  I. purpurea H06
  I. quamoclit LK14
  I. racemigera BR65
  I. sagittata C55b
  I. sessiliflora C55b
  I. sidaefolia C55b
  I. sindica PP07
  I. sinuata C55b
  I. staphylina RS02
  I. stolonifera C74
  I. tamnifolia C55a
  I. tiliacea G38
  I. trichosperma LK14
  I. tricolor TG88
  I. triloba LK14
  I. tuberosa C55b
  I. umbellata C55b
  I. vagans GC05
  I. verticillata PP07

Ipomoea palmata Forsk. 1775 A61 [incl. I. pendula Br. 1810 A61, I. pulchella ME70, I. tuberculata Roem. & Schult. 1819 A61]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[C55a] Candolle, A. de. 1855a. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 1. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C55b] Candolle, A. de. 1855b. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[C06] Cheeseman, T. F. 1906. Manual of the New Zealand Flora. John Mackay, Government Printer: Wellington.

[C74] Coineau, Y. 1974. Éléments pour une monographie morphologique, écologique et biologique des Caeculidae (Acariens). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, nouvelle série, Série A, Zoologie 81: 1–299, 24 pls.

[C38] Crawford, J. C. 1938. Some new or little known Thysanoptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (2): 35–43.

[E65] Eardley, C. M. 1965. Diagnoses to new taxa. In: Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae pp. 945–946. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[F11] Fraga, R. M. 2011. Family Icteridae (New World blackbirds). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 684–807. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[G38] Gahan, A. B. 1938. Notes on some genera and species of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (8): 209–227.

[GC05] Granjon, L., J.-F. Cosson, E. Quesseveur & B. Sicard. 2005. Population dynamics of the multimammate rat Mastomys huberti in an annually flooded agricultural region of central Mali. Journal of Mammalogy 86 (5): 997–1008.

[GR98] Greuter, W., & T. Raus (eds.) 1998. Med-Checklist Notulae, 17. Willdenowia 28: 163–174.

[H06] Henderson, L. 2006. Comparisons of invasive plants in southern Africa originating from southern temperate, northern temperate and tropical regions. Bothalia 36 (2): 201–222.

[LC02] Långström, E., & M. W. Chase. 2002. Tribes of Boraginoideae (Boraginaceae) and placement of Antiphytum, Echiochilon, Ogastemma and Sericostoma: a phylogenetic analysis based on atpB plastid DNA sequence data. Plant Systematics and Evolution 234: 137–153.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[M99] Matthews, M. 1999. Heliothine Moths of Australia: A guide to bollworms and related noctuid groups. CSIRO Publishing.

[ME70] Moore, L. B., & E. Edgar. 1970. Flora of New Zealand vol. 2. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Monocotyledones except Gramineae. A. R. Shearer, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[PP07] Pandey, R. P., & P. M. Padhye. 2007. Studies on phytodiversity of Arid Machia Safari Park-Kailana in Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 15–78.

[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

[RS02] Radhakrishna, S., & M. Singh. 2002. Activity schedule and habitat use of the slender loris Loris tardigradus lydekkerianus. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 400–407.

[ST98] Schimming, T., B. Tofern, P. Mann, A. Richter, K. Jenett-Siems, B. Dräger, N. Asano, M. P. Gupta, M. D. Correa & E. Eich. 1998. Distribution and taxonomic significance of calystegines in the Convolvulaceae. Phytochemistry 49: 1989–1995.

[SAO03] Stefanović, S., D. F. Austin & R. G. Olmstead. 2003. Classification of Covolvulaceae: a phylogenetic approach. Systematic Botany 28 (4): 791–806.

[TG88] Tepfer, D., A. Goldmann, N. Pamboukdjian, M. Maille, A. Lepingle, D. Chevalier, J. Dénarié & C. Rosenberg. 1988. A plasmid of Rhizobium meliloti 41 encodes catabolism of two compounds from root exudate of Calystegium sepium. Journal of Bacteriology 170 (3): 1153–1161.

[VT13] Vigilante, T., J. Toohey, A. Gorring, V. Blundell, T. Saunders, S. Mangolamara, K. George, J. Oobagooma, M. Waina, K. Morgan & K. Doohan. 2013. Island country: aboriginal connections, values and knowledge of the Western Australian Kimberley islands in the context of an island biological survey. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 145–182.

[YZ02] Yahya, H. S. A., & A. A. Zarri. 2002. Status, ecology and behaviour of Narcondam hornbill (Aceros narcondami) in Narcondam Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 434–445.

Last updated: 4 April 2020.