Planorbini

White ramshorn Gyraulus albus, copyright Gail Hampshire.

Belongs within: Planorbidae.
Contains: Planorbis (Planorbis).

The Planorbini are a group of freshwater snails characterised by a lack of pallial folds in the mantle and absence of the penial flagellum.

<==Planorbini [Planorbeae] BR05
    |--Choanomphalus Gerstfeldt 1859 [Choanomphalidae, Choanomphalinae] BR05
    |    |--*C. maacki Gerstfeldt 1859 BR17
    |    `--C. valvatoides B50
    |--Indoplanorbis Annandale & Prashad 1920 PB27
    |    `--*I. exustus (Deshayes 1834) PB27, MD13, TC89 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Orygoceras Brusina 1882 [Orygoceratidae] BR05
    |    |--*O. cornucopiae Brusina 1882 BR17
    |    `--O. fuchsi (Kittl 1886) BR05
    |--Gyraulus Charpentier 1837 PB27, KKW12 [incl. Caillaudia Bourguignat 1883 PB27, Nautilina Stein 1840 PB27]
    |    |  i. s.: G. abyssinicus (Jickeli 1874) (see below for synonymy) PB27
    |    |         G. acronicus WM07
    |    |         G. adansonii (Gray 1850) [=Planorbis adansonii] PB27
    |    |         G. aethiopicus (Bourguignat 1883) [=Planorbis aethiopicus] PB27
    |    |         G. anderssoni (Ancey 1890) [=Planorbis anderssoni] PB27
    |    |         G. apertus (v. Martens 1897) [=Planorbis apertus] PB27
    |    |         G. chudeaui (Germain 1907) [=Planorbis chudeaui] PB27
    |    |         G. circumstriatus (Tryon 1866) P88
    |    |         G. cockburni (Godwin-Austen 1883) [=Planorbis cockburni] PB27
    |    |         G. coretus (Adanson in Dautzenberg 1890) [=Planorbis coretus] PB27
    |    |         G. costulatus (Krauss 1848) (see below for synonymy) PB27
    |    |         G. crawfordi (Melvill & Ponsonby 1893) [=Planorbis crawfordi] PB27
    |    |         G. crista (Linnaeus 1758) L06
    |    |         G. deflectus (Say 1824) P88
    |    |         G. dongcunensis YZ83
    |    |         G. essingtonensis (Smith 1883) KKW12
    |    |         G. fouladougouensis (Germain 1917) [=Planorbis (Paraspira) fouladougouensis] PB27
    |    |         G. gardei (Germain 1909) [=Planorbis gardei] PB27
    |    |         G. hesperus (Iredale 1943) [=Glyptanisus hesperus] KKW12
    |    |         G. hirsutis (Say 1817) B97
    |    |         G. kigeziensis (Preston 1912) [=Planorbis kigeziensis] PB27
    |    |         G. kisumiensis (Preston 1912) [=Planorbis kisumiensis] PB27
    |    |         G. lamyi (Germain 1905) [=Planorbis lamyi] PB27
    |    |         ‘Caillaudia’ letourneuxi PB27
    |    |         G. leucochilus (Melvill & Ponsonby 1903) [=Planorbis leucochilus] PB27
    |    |         G. liasinus G88
    |    |         G. loryi (Coquand 1855) (see below for synonymy) B91
    |    |         G. mauritianus RW84
    |    |         G. misellus (Morelet 1868) [=Planorbis misellus] PB27
    |    |         G. natalensis (Krauss 1848) [=Planorbis natalensis; incl. P. natalis Sowerby 1877] PB27
    |    |         G. parvus (Say 1817) B97
    |    |         G. sperabilis (Preston 1912) [=Planorbis sperabilis] PB27
    |    |         G. spirorbis G63
    |    |         G. tilhoi (Germain 1911) [=Planorbis (Diplodiscus) tilhoi] PB27
    |    |         G. toukotoensis (Germain 1917) [=Planorbis (Paraspira) toukotoensis] PB27
    |    |         G. vermicularis E68
    |    |--G. (Gyraulus) PB27
    |    |    |--G. (G.) albus (Müller 1774) L06 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--G. (G.) avakubiensis (Pilsbry & Bequaert 1927) [=Planorbis (G.) avakuebiensis] PB27
    |    |    `--G. (G.) gibbonsi (Nelson 1878) [=Planorbis (G.) gibbonsi, P. (Tropidiscus) gibbonsi] PB27
    |    `--G. (Omalodiscus Benson 1855) [=Spirorbis Swainson 1840 non Daudin 1800] Ba63
    |         `--G. (O.) leucostoma (see below for synonymy) Ba63
    |--Menetus C64
    |    |--M. cooperi E68
    |    |--M. dilatatus Br63
    |    `--E. opercularis [=Planorbis (Menetus) opercularis; incl. P. planulatus] C64
    `--Planorbis Müller 1774 BR05 [incl. Anisus Studer 1820 Ba63, Planorbia Moore 1901 PB27]
         |  i. s.: ‘*Planorbia’ albertensis Moore 1901 PB27
         |         P. antiguensis PB27
         |         P. arizonensis Pilsbry & Ferriss 1915 [=P. filocinctus Pilsbry & Ferriss 1906 (preoc.)] PF15
         |         P. atkinsoni Johnston 1878 P79a
         |         P. ‘boissyi’ Deshayes 1864 non Potiez & Michaud 1838 PB27
         |         P. caribaeus PF15
         |         P. carinatus Müller 1774 L06 (see below for synonymy)
         |         P. centrimetralis PB27
         |         P. coenosus PB27
         |         P. contortus (Linnaeus 1758) D56, L58 [=Helix contorta G40; incl. H. crassa G40]
         |         P. corinna Gray 1850 P61
         |         P. deflectus W79
         |         P. dilatatus S01
         |         P. duenasianus Tristram 1861 C64
         |         P. dufourii [incl. P. metidgensis, P. corneus var. metidjensis] PB27
         |         P. exacutus W79
         |         P. glabratus D56
         |         P. guadelupensis PB27
         |         P. haldemanni C64
         |         P. havanensis G79
         |         P. imbricatus G40 (see below for synonymy)
         |         P. jugleri Dunker 1849 B91
         |         P. kahuica Finlay & Laws 1931 P61
         |         P. lacustris P79b
         |         P. laevis G40
         |         P. lentus W79
         |         P. liebmanni [incl. P. gracilentus] C64
         |         P. lineatus H79
         |         P. lutescens G40
         |         P. marginatus G40 (see below for synonymy)
         |         P. meridionalis Brazier 1875 [incl. P. tasmanicus Tennison Woods 1875] P79a
         |         P. multivolvis W79
         |         P. olivaceus PB27 [=Anisus olivaceus Ba63]
         |         P. parvus PF15
         |         P. peregrinus O05
         |         P. purpura PB27
         |         P. rotundatus S79
         |         P. scalaris [=Paludina scalaris] PB27
         |         P. schmackeri PB27
         |         P. scottiana Johnston 1878 P79a
         |         P. septemgyratus D56
         |         P. spirorbis (Linnaeus 1758) PB27, L58 [=Helix spirorbis G40, Anisus spirorbis L06]
         |         P. tenuis PF15
         |         P. traskii Lea 1856 C64
         |         P. truncatus W79
         |         P. tumidus [incl. P. affinis] G79
         |         P. umbilicatus [=*Anisus umbilicatus] Ba63
         |         P. utahensis Meek 1860 W77
         |         P. vortex (Linnaeus 1758) D56, L58 (see below for synonymy)
         |         P. wyldi Tristram 1861 C64
         |--P. (Planorbis) PB27
         |--P. (Hippeutis Agassiz in de Charpentier 1837) PB27
         |    |--P. (H.) fontanus PB27 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--P. (H.) benguelensis Dunker 1845 [incl. P. bengalensis Sowerby 1877] PB27
         |    `--P. (H.) junodi (Connolly 1922) [=Hippeutis junodi] PB27
         `--P. (Tropidiscus) socotrensis Godwin-Austen 1883 PB27

Nomina nuda: Orygoceras sketi Bole & Velkovrh 1986 BV86
             Planorbis caffer Krauss in Morelet 1889 PB27

Gyraulus abyssinicus (Jickeli 1874) [=Planorbis abyssinicus; incl. P. (Gyraulus) abyssinicensis Germain 1922, P. abyssinicus var. gravieri Germain 1904] PB27

Gyraulus costulatus (Krauss 1848) [=Planorbis costulatus; incl. *Caillaudia angulata Bourguignat 1883, P. stelzneri v. Martens 1869] PB27

Gyraulus loryi (Coquand 1855) [=Planorbis loryi; incl. P. coqandianus de Loriol 1865, P. fisheri Forbes in Arkell 1942, Anisopsis fisheri] B91

Gyraulus (Gyraulus) albus (Müller 1774) L06 [=Planorbis albus PB27, Helix alternata var. alba W79, H. rotundata var. alba T79, G40, *Nautilina alba PB27; incl. Planorbis glaber G40, P. hispidus PB27, *Gyraulus hispidus PB27, P. reticulatus G40]

Gyraulus (Omalodiscus) leucostoma [incl. *Spirorbis vulgaris Swainson 1840, *Omalodiscus vulgaris, Planorbis vulgaris] Ba63

*Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes 1834) PB27, MD13, TC89 [=Planorbis exustus PB27; incl. P. indicus Benson 1836 TC89, P. exustus var. maculatus Godwin-Austen 1883 PB27]

Planorbis carinatus Müller 1774 L06 [=Helix carinata G40; incl. H. contortuplicata G40, Planorbis disciformis G40, Helix planata G40, P. planatus G40]

Planorbis imbricatus G40 [incl. P. cristatus G40, P. nautileus var. cristata H79, Helix nautileus G40, Turbo nautileus G40]

Planorbis marginatus G40 [=Omalodiscus marginatus Ba63; incl. Helix cochlea G40, P. deformis G40, P. draparnaldi G40, Helix rhombea G40, P. rhombeus G40, P. sheppardi G40, Helix terebra G40, P. turgidus G40] G40

Planorbis vortex (Linnaeus 1758) D56, L58 [=Helix vortex G40, Anisus vortex L06, Omalodiscus vortex Ba63; incl. Planorbis compressus G40, P. leucostomus G40]

Planorbis (Hippeutis) fontanus PB27 [=Helix fontana G40; incl. H. complanata Linnaeus 1758 G40, L58, P. (*H.) complanatus PB27]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[Ba63] Baker, H. B. 1963. Anisus Studer (1820a: 91) was proposed to include Planorbis O. F. Müller (1774: 152) and Physa Draparnaud (1801: 52). Nautilus 77 (1): 32–33.

[B91] Bandel, K. 1991. Gastropods from brackish and fresh water of the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition (a systematic reevaluation). Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A 134: 9–55.

[BV86] Bole, J., & F. Velkovrh. 1986. Mollusca from continental subterranean aquatic habitats. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 177–208. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[Br63] Branson, B. A. 1963. Notes on snail distribution and leech feeding habits in Oklahoma. Nautilus 76 (4): 148–149.

[B50] Brooks, J. L. 1950. Speciation in ancient lakes. Quarterly Review of Biology 25: 30–60.

[B97] Brown, K. M. 1997. Temporal and spatial patterns of abundance in the gastropod assemblage of a macrophyte bed. American Malacological Bulletin 14 (1): 27–33.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms. University Press: Cambridge.

[E68] Eyerdam, W. J. 1968. Fresh-water mollusks eaten by trout and other fish. Nautilus 81 (3): 103–104.

[G79] Gibbons, J. S. 1879. Notes on the habits and distribution, &c., of certain W. Indian Pulmonifera. Journal of Conchology 2: 129–134.

[G40] Gray, J. E. 1840. A Manual of the Land and Fresh-water Shells of the British Islands, with figures of each of the kinds. By William Turton, M.D. A new edition, thoroughly revised and much enlarged. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans: London.

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[H79] Hey, W. C. 1879. Contributions to a better knowledge of the land and freshwater shells of Yorkshire. Journal of Conchology 2: 310–314.

[KKW12] Köhler, F., V. Kessner & C. Whisson. 2012. New records of non-marine, non-camaenid gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from islands off the Kimberley coast, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 21–39.

[L06] Lewin, I. 2006. The gastropod communities in the lowland rivers of agricultural areas—their biodiversity and bioindicative value in the Ciechanowska Upland, central Poland. Malacologia 49 (1): 7–23.

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[MD13] Meiklejohn, K. A., M. Dowton, T. Pape & J. F. Wallman. 2013. A key to the Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera) with special emphasis on Sarcophaga (sensu lato). Zootaxa 3680 (1): 148–189.

[O05] Outes, F. F. 1905. Sobre un instrumento paleolítico de Luján (Provincia de Buenos Aires). Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires, serie 3, 6: 169–173.

[P79a] Petterd, W. F. 1879a. List of the freshwater shells of Tasmania. Journal of Conchology 2: 80–88.

[P79b] Petterd, W. F. 1879b. Colonising land shells. Journal of Conchology 2: 96–98.

[PB27] Pilsbry, H. A., & J. Bequaert. 1927. The aquatic mollusks of the Belgian Congo, with a geographical and ecological account of Congo malacology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 53 (2): 69–602, pls 10–77.

[PF15] Pilsbry, H. A., & J. H. Ferriss. 1915. Mollusca of the southwestern states, VII: the Dragoon, Mule, Santa Rita, Baboquivari, and Tucson Ranges, Arizona. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 67 (2): 363–418, pls 8–15.

[P88] Pip, E. 1988. Niche congruency of freshwater gastropods in central North America with respect to six water chemistry parameters. Nautilus 102 (2): 65–72.

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

[RW84] Rollinson, D., & C. A. Wright. 1984. Population studies on Bulinus cernicus from Mauritius. Malacologia 25 (2): 447–463.

[S79] Scharff, R. 1879. Land and freshwater shells collected in the alluvium of the Garonne, France. Journal of Conchology 2: 315–316.

[S01] Smith, E. A. 1901. Notice of a species of Paludestrina new to the British fauna. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 191–192.

[TC89] Tapparone Canefri, T. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. XVIII.—Molluschi terrestri e d’acqua dolce. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 295–359.

[T79] Taylor, J. W. 1879. Helix rotundata var. alba near Harrogate. Journal of Conchology 2: 282.

[WM07] Wada, T., & K. Matsukura. 2007. Seasonal changes in cold hardiness of the invasive freshwater apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae). Malacologia 49 (2): 383–392.

[W79] Walker, B. 1879. Catalogue of the shell-bearing Mollusca of Michigan. Journal of Conchology 2: 325–337.

[W77] White, C. A. 1877. Report upon the invertebrate fossils collected in portions of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, by parties of the expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. U.S. Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian 4 (1): 1–219, pls 1–21.

[YZ83] Yu W. & Zhu X.-G. 1983. Some Late Mesozoic gastropods from eastern Heilongjiang. In: Fossils from the Middle-Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous in Eastern Heilongjiang Province, China pp. 87–99. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Publishing House.