Idiopoidea

Cantuaria sp., copyright Steve Reekie.

Belongs within: Rastelloidina.
Contains: Ctenizinae.

The Idiopoidea are a clade of mygalomorph spiders in which the legs bear tarsal spines, females lack scopulae on the first and second tarsi, and the anterior metatarsi and tibiae of the female possess digging spines. They are trapdoor spiders, living in burrows closed with wafer- or cork-type lids. Within the clade, members of the family Ctenizidae possess a triangular sternum and relatively short legs with lateral bands of short thorn-like spines distally on the fore legs of females (Jocqué & Dippenaar-Schoeman 2007).

<==Idiopoidea JD-S07
    |--Ctenizidae [Ctenizoidea] JD-S07
    |    |  i. s.: Eucyrtops latior K77
    |    |         Actinoxia versicolor P72
    |    |--Ctenizinae JD-S07
    |    `--Pachylomerinae [Pachylomeri] JD-S07
    |         |--Conothele Thorell 1878 JD-S07
    |         |--Ummidia Thorell 1875 JD-S07
    |         |--Hebestatis Simon 1903 JD-S07
    |         |    `--H. theveneti JD-S07
    |         |--Pachylomerus S89
    |         |    |--P. aedificatorius S89
    |         |    `--P. asperulus S89
    |         `--Chorizops S89
    `--Idiopidae PVD10
         |  i. s.: Neocteniza mexicana P.-Cambridge 1897 R95
         |         Galeosoma JD-S07
         |         Ctenolophus JD-S07
         |         Misgolas rapax (Rainbow 1914) FF99, B96 [incl. Dyarcyops fuscipes B96]
         |         Cantuaria Hogg 1902 PVD10
         |           |--*C. dendyi (Hogg 1901) PVD10
         |           |--C. abdita Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. allani Forster 1967 PVD10
         |           |--C. aperta Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. apica Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. assimilis Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas assimilis FF99]
         |           |--C. borealis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. catlinensis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. cognata Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. collensis (Todd 1945) PVD10
         |           |--C. delli Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. depressa Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. dunedinensis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. gilliesii (Pickard-Cambridge 1878) PVD10
         |           |--C. grandis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. huttonii (Pickard-Cambridge 1879) PVD10 [=Misgolas huttoni H04]
         |           |--C. insulana Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas insulanus NS00]
         |           |--C. isolata Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. johnsi Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas johnsi NS00]
         |           |--C. kakahuensis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. kakanuiensis Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas kakanuiensis NS00]
         |           |--C. lomasi Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. magna Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. marplesi (Todd 1945) PVD10
         |           |--C. maxima Forster 19068 PVD10
         |           |--C. medialis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. minor Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. myersi Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. napua (Forster 1968) PVD10 [=Misgolas napua H04]
         |           |--C. orepukiensis Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. parrotti Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. pilama Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. prina Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. reducta Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas reductus NS00]
         |           |--C. secunda Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. sinclairi Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. stephenensis Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas stephenensis NS00]
         |           |--C. stewarti (Todd 1945) PVD10
         |           |--C. sylvatica Forster 1968 PVD10
         |           |--C. toddae Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas toddae FF99]
         |           |--C. vellosa Forster 1968 PVD10 [=Misgolas vellosa FF99]
         |           `--C. wanganuiensis (Todd 1945) PVD10
         |--Genysa R14 [Genyseae, Genysinae JD-S07]
         |--Idiopinae [Idiopes] JD-S07
         |    |--Idiops Perty 1833 JD-S07
         |    |    |--I. argus Simon 1889 S89
         |    |    |--I. bersebaensis Strand 1917 J98
         |    |    |--I. crassus S89
         |    |    |--I. fulvipes Simon 1889 S89
         |    |    `--I. syriacus S89
         |    |--Idiosoma S89
         |    |    |--I. nigrum Main 1952 DH10
         |    |    `--I. sigillatum K77
         |    `--Pseudidiops Simon 1889 S89
         |         `--*P. opifex Simon 1889 S89
         `--Arbanitis Koch 1874 R14 [Arbanitinae JD-S07, Arbaniteae]
              |--*A. longipes Koch 1874 R14
              |--A. fuscipes Rainbow 1914 R14
              |--A. gracilis (Rainbow & Pulleine 1918) B96
              |--A. hoggi K77
              |--A. inornatus Y95
              `--A. maculipes R14

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Brunet, B. 1996. Spiderwatch: A Guide to Australian Spiders. Reed New Holland: Sydney.

[DH10] Durrant, B. J., M. S. Harvey, V. W. Framenau, R. Ott & J. M. Waldock. 2010. Patterns in the composition of ground-dwelling spider communities in the Pilbara bioregion, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 78 (1): 185–204.

[FF99] Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

[H04] Harris, A. C. 2004. Priocnemis (Trichochurgus) monachus (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) preying on Misgolas napua Forster (Mygalomorphae: Idiophidae) after opening the lids of the prey’s burrows, and notes of the affinities of Trichocurgus Haupt. Weta 27: 13–14.

[J98] Jäger, P. 1998. Das Typenmaterial der Spinnentiere (Arachnida: Acari, Amblypygi, Araneae, Opiliones, Pseudoscorpiones, Scorpiones, Uropygi) aus dem Museum Wiesbaden. Jahrbuecher des Nassauischen Vereins fuer Naturkunde 119: 81–91.

[JD-S07 Jocqué, R., & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman. 2007. Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa: Tervuren (Belgium).

[K77] Koch, L. E. 1977. The taxonomy, geographic distribution and evolutionary radiation of Australo-Papuan scorpions. Records of the Western Australian Museum 5 (2): 83–367.

[NS00] Nicholls, D. C., P. J. Sirvid, S. D. Pollard & M. Walker. 2000. A list of arachnid primary types held in Canterbury Museum. Records of the Canterbury Museum 14: 37–48.

[PVD10] Paquin, P., C. J. Vink & N. Dupérré. 2010. Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key and species list. Manaaki Whenua Press: Lincoln (New Zealand).

[P72] Powell, J. A. 1972. Additional prey records for the forest-dwelling spider wasp, Priocnemis oregona (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 48 (4): 277–278.

[R14] Rainbow, W. J. 1914. Studies in Australian Araneidae, no. 6, the Terretelariae. Records of the Australian Museum 10 (8): 187–270.

[R95] Raven, R. J. 1995. Coxal glands of spiders of the genera Bymainiella, Atrax and Namea (Hexathelidae, Dipluridae, Mygalomorphae). Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 67–71.

[S89] Simon, E. 1889. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Décembre 1887–Avril 1888). 4^e mémoire. Arachnides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6^e série 9: 169–220, pls 1–3.

[Y95] Yen, A. L. 1995. Australian spiders: an opportunity for conservation. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 39–47.

Last updated: 26 January 2022.