Goniosomatinae

Fighting male Serracutisoma proximum, copyright Bruno A. Buzatto.

Belongs within: Gonyleptidae.
Contains: Goniosoma.

The Goniosomatinae are a group of generally large gonyleptid harvestmen with strongly armed pedipalps found in the Atlantic rainforest of southern Brazil (DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009).

Characters (from DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009): Anterior margin of carapace smooth or with sparse granules; eye-mound wide, with 1 pair of tubercles or spines or a single spine. Dorsal scute with 3 areas; area II invading area I medially, dividing it into 2 parts; area I with 1 central tubercle on both sides; area III with 1 pair of tubercles or spines. All areas and carapace with homogeneously distributed granules (those of areas generally a little larger than those of carapace, while those of margins have different sizes); lateral margins with 2 longitudinal rows of granules, one close to lateral groove and other to the edge; posterior margin with 1 transversal row of granules like those of free tergites. Angles of posterior margin of dorsal scute and free tergites with or without spines or tubercles. Coxae I–III with 1 longitudinal row of tubercles, decreasing from I to III, and lateral granules, increasing from I to III; coxa IV with larger granules (granules on lateral face larger than those on ventral face); trochanter with 3 tubercles (1 medial and 2 apical) decreasing from I to III, and sparse granules, increasing from I to III. Robust pedipalps longer than dorsal scute; femur with a row of large ventral tubercles and 1 or 2 retrolateral setae; tibia with ventral armature IiIi prolaterally (and sometimes with 1 distinct basal tubercle or spine in addition to standard armature) and IiIIi retrolaterally; tarsus with ventral armature IIi prolaterally and IiIi retrolaterally. Legs I–IV with granulation and armature organised in 6 regular longitudinal rows of granules and/or spines; apical end of dorsal rows with 2 pointed apophyses backward, being retrolateral larger than prolateral; tarsus I–IV of adult with more than 8 segments; tarsus III–IV with 2 smooth or pectinate claws and with tarsal process varying from very short to as long as a claw; distitarsus I–II with 3 segments. Penis with or without ventral and dorsal process on glans; ventral plate with 2 groups of setae of same size, being one basal and other apical or subapical (the latter with 1 small medial seta).

<==Goniosomatinae [Goniosominae] DG09
    |  i. s.: Goniosomoides Mello-Leitão 1932 DG09
    |           `--*G. viridans Mello-Leitão 1932 [=G. fractus Mello-Leitão 1932 (n. n.)] K03
    |--+--+--Goniosoma DG09
    |  |  `--Pyatan DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
    |  |       `--*P. insperatum DaSilva, Stefanini-Jim & Gnaspini in DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
    |  `--Serracutisoma Roewer 1930 (see below for synonymy) DG09
    |       |--+--S. catarina (Machado, Pinto-da-Rocha & Giaretta 2001) [=Goniosoma catarina] DG09
    |       |  `--+--S. spelaeum (Mello-Leitão 1933) [=*Spelaeosoma spelaeum, Goniosoma spelaeum] DG09
    |       |     `--+--S. guarinica DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
    |       |        `--S. inerme (Mello-Leitão 1927) (see below for synonymy) DG09
    |       `--+--S. fritzmuelleri DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
    |          `--+--*S. proximum (Mello-Leitão 1922) (see below for synonymy) DG09
    |             `--+--S. banhadoae (Soares & Soares 1947) [=Acutisoma banhadoae] DG09
    |                `--+--S. molle (Mello-Leitão 1933) (see below for synonymy) DG09
    |                   `--+--S. pseudovarium DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
    |                      `--S. thalassinum (Simon 1879) (see below for synonymy) DG09
    `--+--Heteromitobates Roewer 1913 [incl. Acutisomella Roewer 1930] DG09
       |    |--+--H. alienus DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
       |    |  `--H. harlequin DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
       |    `--+--+--*H. discolor (Soerensen 1884) [=Mitobates discolor, Acutisoma discolor, Goniosoma discolor] DG09
       |       |  `--H. inscriptus (Mello-Leitão 1922) [=Acutisoma inscriptum, *Acutisomella inscripta] DG09
       |       `--+--H. albiscriptus (Mello-Leitão 1932) [=Goniosoma albiscriptum] DG09
       |          `--H. anarchus DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
       `--+--Acutisoma Roewer 1913 [incl. Itatiaya Roewer 1928 non Mello-Leitão 1915, Leitaoius Roewer 1930] DG09
          |    |  i. s.: *A. acutangulum (Simon 1879) [=Goniosoma acutangulum] DG09
          |    |--A. coriaceum DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
          |    `--+--A. hamatum (Roewer 1928) [=*Itatiaya hamata, *Leitaoius hamatus] DG09
          |       `--A. longipes Roewer 1913 DG09 (see below for synonymy)
          `--Mitogoniella Mello-Leitão 1936 DG09
               |  i. s.: M. badia (Koch 1839) (n. d.) [=Goniosoma badium, Progoniosoma badium] DG09
               |--M. modesta (Perty 1833) [=Goniosoma modestum, Progoniosoma modestum] DG09
               `--+--M. unicornis DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09
                  `--+--*M. indistincta Mello-Leitão 1936 [=Acutisoma indistinctum, Goniosoma indistinctum] DG09
                     `--M. taquara DaSilva & Gnaspini 2009 DG09

Acutisoma longipes Roewer 1913 DG09 [=Goniosoma longipes DG09; incl. A. monticola Mello-Leitão 1922 DG09, A. monticolum DG09, Mitogoniella mutila Piza 1938 DG09, Leitaoius nitidissimus Mello-Leitão 1940 DG09, L. xanthomus Mello-Leitão 1935 DG09, L. xantomus (l. c.) K03]

Serracutisoma Roewer 1930 [incl. Acutisomelloides Mello-Leitão 1932, Pygosomoides Mello-Leitão 1933, Spelaeosoma Mello-Leitão 1933] DG09

Serracutisoma inerme (Mello-Leitão 1927) [=Acutisoma inerme, Acutisomella inermis, *Acutisomelloides inermis, Goniosoma inermes; incl. Progoniosoma tetrasetae Roewer 1930, G. tetrasetae] DG09

Serracutisoma molle (Mello-Leitão 1933) [=*Pygosomoides mollis, Acutisoma molle; incl. Leitaoius guttulatus Mello-Leitão 1934] DG09

*Serracutisoma proximum (Mello-Leitão 1922) [=Acutisoma proximum, Goniosoma proximum, Serracutisoma proxima; incl. Leitaoius iguapensis Piza 1938, Acutisoma iguapense, L. ornatus Mello-Leitão 1934, L. viridifrons Mello-Leitão 1935, Acutisoma viridifrons] DG09

Serracutisoma thalassinum (Simon 1879) [=Goniosoma thalassinum, Acutisoma thalassinum; incl. Acut. marumbicola Soares 1945, Acustisoma (l. c.) marumbicola, Acut. patens Roewer 1930] DG09

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[DG09] DaSilva, M. B., & P. Gnaspini. 2009. A systematic revision of Goniosomatinae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae), with a cladistic analysis and biogeographical notes. Invertebrate Systematics 23: 530–624.

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.