Paradisaeidae

Male lesser bird of paradise Paradisaea minor, photographed by Leo Antonius.

Belongs within: Corvoidea.

The Paradisaeidae, birds of paradise, are a group of stout-billed birds found in northern Australasia. Males of this family are often extremely colourful and/or ornately plumed, and may perfom complex mating displays.

<==Paradisaeidae [Paradisaeinae]
    |  i. s.: Paryphephorus duivenbodei (Meyer 1890) [=Craspedophora duivenbodei] F95
    |         Loborhamphus nobilis Rothschild 1901 F95
    |         Janthothorax bensbachi Büttikofer 1894 F95
    |--+--Lycocorax pyrrhopterus JT12
    |  `--Manucodia Boddaert 1783 JF06, B94 (see below for synonymy)
    |       |  i. s.: M. gouldi G66
    |       |--M. keraudrenii JT12 [=Phonygammus keraudrenii JF06]
    |       `--+--M. jobiensis JT12
    |          `--+--M. ater JT12
    |             `--+--M. chalybatus JT12
    |                `--M. comrii JT12
    `--+--+--Pteridophora alberti JT12 [=Drepanornis alberti JF06]
       |  `--Parotia Vieillot 1816 JT12, B94 [Parotiinae]
       |       |--P. carolae JT12
       |       `--+--P. wahnesi JT12
       |          `--+--P. sefilata JT12
       |             `--+--P. helenae JT12
       |                `--P. lawesi JT12, F95
       `--+--+--Semioptera wallacii JT12
          |  `--Ptiloris Swainson 1825 JT12, B94 [Ptilorininae]
          |       |--+--P. paradiseus JT12
          |       |  `--P. victoriae JT12
          |       `--+--Lophorina superba JT12
          |          |    |--L. s. superba F95
          |          |    `--L. s. feminina F95
          |          `--+--P. intercedens JT12
          |             `--P. magnificus JT12 [=Craspedophora magnifica F95]
          `--+--+--Seleucidis JT12
             |  |    |--S. ignotus A61
             |  |    `--S. melanoleuca F95
             |  `--+--‘Epimachus’ albertisi JT12
             |     `--‘Epimachus’ bruijnii JT12
             `--+--+--Epimachus Cuvier 1817 JT12, B94 [incl. Astrapimachus Mayr 1941 (nom. inv.) F95; Epimachinae]
                |  |    |--E. albus T62
                |  |    |--E. ellioti Ward 1873 (see below for synonymy) F95
                |  |    |--E. fastosus [incl. E. magnus] F95
                |  |    |    |--E. f. fastosus F95
                |  |    |    `--E. f. atratus F95
                |  |    `--E. meyeri F95
                |  `--+--Paradigalla Lesson 1835 JT12, B94 [Paradigallinae]
                |     |    |--P. brevicauda JT12
                |     |    `--P. carunculata F95
                |     `--Astrapia Vieillot 1816 JT12, B94 [Astrapiinae]
                |          |--+--A. nigra JT12
                |          |  `--A. splendidissima JT12
                |          `--+--A. rothschildi JT12
                |             `--+--A. mayeri JT12
                |                `--A. stephaniae JT12
                `--+--+--Cicinnurus Vieillot 1816 JT12, B94 [Cicinnurinae]
                   |  |    `--C. regius F95 [=Paradisaea regia A61]
                   |  `--Diphyllodes JF06
                   |       |--D. magnificus F95 [=Cicinnurus magnificus JT12]
                   |       `--D. respublica F95 (see below for synonymy)
                   `--Paradisaea Linnaeus 1758 JT12, B94
                        |--P. rudolphi JF06
                        `--+--P. guilielmi JT12
                           `--+--P. rubra JF06
                              `--+--P. decora JT12
                                 `--+--P. minor JF06
                                    |    |--P. m. minor F95
                                    |    `--P. m. finschi F95
                                    `--+--P. apoda Linnaeus 1758 JT12, A61
                                       |    |--P. a. apoda F95
                                       |    `--P. a. novaeguineae F95
                                       `--P. raggiana JF06
                                            |--P. r. raggiana [=P. apoda raggiana] F95
                                            |--P. r. angustaevictoriae [=P. apoda angustaevictoriae] F95
                                            `--P. r. salvadorii [=P. apoda salvadorii] F95

Hybrids: Astrapia barnesi Iredale 1948 [A. mayeri × A. stephaniae]
         Cicinnurus lyogyrus Currie 1900 [Cicinnurus regius × Diphyllodes magnificus; =C. lyrogyrus (l. c.); incl. C. goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant 1907]
         Craspedophora mantoui Oustalet 1891 [Seleucidis melanoleuca × Ptiloris magnificus; =Heteroptilorhis mantoui; incl. C. bruijni Büttikofer 1894]
         Diphyllodes gulielmitertii Meyer 1875 [D. magnificus × Cicinnurus regius; =Rhipidornis gulielmitertii, R. guglielmitertii]
         Epimachus astrapioides Rothschild 1898 [E. fastosus × Astrapia nigra; =Falcinellus astrapioides, Astrapimachus astrapioides]
         Lamprothorax wilhelminae Meyer 1894 [Lophorina superba × Diphyllodes magnificus]
         Loborhamphus ptilorhis Sharpe 1908 [Parotia sefilata × Paradigalla carunculata]
         Neoparadisea ruysi van Oort 1906 [Diphyllodes magnificus × Paradisaea minor]
         Paradisaea apoda luptoni Lowe 1923 [P. raggiana × P. apoda]
         Paradisea bloodi Iredale 1948 [P. raggiana × P. rudolphi]
         Paradisea maria Reichenow 1894 [P. raggiana × P. guilielmi; incl. P. duivenbodei Menegaux 1913]
         Paradisea mirabilis Reichenow 1901 [Paradisaea minor × Seleucidis melanoleuca; =Janthothorax mirabilis, Quesoparens mirabilis]
         Paradisaea mixta Rothschild 1921 [Paradisaea minor × P. raggiana]
         Parotia duivenbodei Rothschild 1900 [Lophorina superba × Parotia sefilata]

Diphyllodes respublica F95 [=Paradisaea respublica A61, Cicinnurus respublica JF06; incl. P. wilsoni Cassin 1850 A61]

Epimachus ellioti Ward 1873 [=Astrapimachus ellioti, Falcinellus ellioti, Pseudastrapia ellioti; incl. P. lobata Rothschild 1907] F95

Manucodia Boddaert 1783 JF06, B94 [incl. Chalybaeus Cuvier 1829 B94, Phonygammus Lesson Garnot 1826 B94; Chalybaeinae, Manucodiinae, Phonygamminae]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Austin, O. L., Jr. 1961. Birds of the World: A survey of the twenty-seven orders and one hundred and fifty-five families. Paul Hamlyn: London.

[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1-281.

[F95] Fuller, E. 1995. The Lost Birds of Paradise. Swan Hill Press: Shrewsbury (UK).

[G66] Gould, J. 1866. Exhibition of the trachea of Manucodia gouldi. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1866: 201.

[JT12] Jetz, W., G. H. Thomas, J. B. Joy, K. Hartmann & A. Ø. Mooers. 2012. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature 491: 444-448.

[JF06] Jønsson, K. A., & J. Fjeldså. 2006. A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds. Zoologica Scripta 35: 149-186.

[T62] Tendeiro, J. 1962. Estudos sobre malófagos: Revisão monográfica do género Columbicola Ewing (Ischnocera, Philopteridae). Memórias da Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, ser. 2, 32: 7-460.