Rhopalum (Rhopalum)

Female Rhopalum clavipes, copyright Jeremy Early.

Belongs within: Crabronini.

The type subgenus of the genus Rhopalum is a widespread group of wasps characterised having the first gastral segment usually apically nodose, and a dull pygidial plate in the female (Bohart & Menke 1976).

Characters (from Bohart & Menke 1976): Elongate form, head and thorax shining; eyes bare, inner orbits convergent below; scapal basin ecarinate dorsally; orbital foveae indistinct; occipital carina not forming a complete circle, separated from hypostomal carina; male antenna with 13 articles; scape ecarinate; palpal formula 5-3; mandible apically bidentate, externoventral margin entire, inner margin edentate; pronotal collar ecarinate anteriorly; axillae, scutellum and metanotum simple; propodeum finely sculptured; midtibia with an apical spur; basal segment of gaster usually nodose apically; male genitalia with gonobase U-shaped in dorsal view; pygidial plate of female dull, punctate.

<==Rhopalum Stephens 1829 (Rhopalum) C85
    |--R. (R.) clavipes (Linnaeus 1758) BM76 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--R. c. clavipes BM76
    |    `--R. c. jessonicum (Bischoff 1922) [=Crabro jessonicus] BM76
    |--R. (R.) angulicolle Cameron 1904 BM76
    |--R. (R.) antillarum Leclercq 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) austriacum (Kohl 1899) [=Crabro austriacus] BM76
    |--R. (R.) avexum Leclercq 1963 BM76
    |--R. (R.) beaumonti Móczár 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) calixtum Leclercq 1957 C85
    |--R. (R.) calverti (Pate 1947) [=Euplilis calverti] BM76
    |--R. (R.) claviventre (Cresson 1865) [=Crabro claviventris] BM76
    |--R. (R.) decavum Leclercq 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) dineurum Leclercq 1957 C85
    |--R. (R.) diopura (Pate 1947) [=Euplilis diopura] BM76
    |--R. (R.) domesticum Williams 1928 BM76
    |--R. (R.) ebetsuense Tsuneki 1952 BM76
    |--R. (R.) eucalypti Turner 1915 C85
    |--R. (R.) gracile Wesmael 1852 (see below for synonymy) BM76
    |--R. (R.) grahami Leclercq 1957 C85
    |--R. (R.) grenadinum (Pate 1947) [=Euplilis grenadinus] BM76
    |--R. (R.) hakodatense Tsuneki 1960 BM76
    |--R. (R.) kedahense Leclercq 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) macrocephalum Turner 1915 C85
    |--R. (R.) minusculum Leclercq 1963 BM76
    |--R. (R.) mushaense Tsuneki 1971 BM76
    |--R. (R.) nicaraguense Cameron 1904 [incl. R. opacum Rohwer 1914] BM76
    |--R. (R.) oriolum Leclercq 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) parcimonium Leclercq 1963 BM76
    |--R. (R.) plaumanni Leclerq 1970 BM76
    |--R. (R.) potosium Leclercq 1970 BM76
    |--R. (R.) prisonium Leclercq 1970 BM76
    |--R. (R.) quitense (Benoist 1942) [=Crabro quitensis] BM76
    |--R. (R.) rotolum Leclercq 1970 BM76
    |--R. (R.) succineicollarum Tsuneki 1952 BM76
    |    |--R. s. succineicollarum BM76
    |    `--R. s. taiwanum Tsuneki 1971 BM76
    |--R. (R.) sumatrae Leclercq 1950 BM76
    |--R. (R.) tayalum Tsuneki 1966 BM76
    |--R. (R.) tenuiventre (Turner 1908) [=Crabro (R.) tenuiventris] C85
    |--R. (R.) tepicum Leclercq 1957 C85
    |--R. (R.) testaceum Turner 1917 C85
    |--R. (R.) tongyali Tsuneki 1963 BM76
    |--R. (R.) transiens (Turner 1908) [=Crabro (R.) transiens] C85
    |--R. (R.) tristani (Pate 1947) [=Euplilis tristani] BM76
    |--R. (R.) tsunekiense Leclercq 1957 BM76
    |--R. (R.) tuberculicorne Turner 1917 C85
    |--R. (R.) venustum Tsuneki 1955 BM76
    |--R. (R.) verutum (Rayment 1932) [=Dasyproctus verutus] C85
    `--R. (R.) yercaudi Leclercq 1963 BM76

Rhopalum (Rhopalum) clavipes (Linnaeus 1758) BM76 [=Sphex clavipes BM76; incl. Crabro rufiventris Panzer 1799 BM76, *Euplilis rufiventris BM76, *Physoscelus rufiventris BM76, *Rhopalum rufiventre C85]

Rhopalum (Rhopalum) gracile Wesmael 1852 [incl. Crabro kiesenwetteri Morawitz 1866, R. nigrinum Kiesenwetter 1849 non Crabro nigrinus Herrich-Schaeffer 1841, Corynopus simplicipes Morawitz 1888] BM76

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[C85] Cardale, J. C. 1985. Vespoidea and Sphecoidea. In: Walton, D. W. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 2. Hymenoptera: Formicoidea, Vespoidea and Sphecoidea pp. 150–303. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.