Nyssonini

Metanysson coahuila, copyright CBG Photography Group.

Belongs within: Bembicidae.
Contains: Epinysson, Zanysson, Nysson, Synnevrus, Brachystegus.

The Nyssonini are a group of medium-sized to small wasps, usually with a heavily armoured integument, that are kleptoparasites of other Bembicidae or Crabronidae (Bohart & Menke 1976).

Characters (from Bohart & Menke 1976): Eyes converging below, often strongly, inner margins slightly to moderately emarginate above; ocelli well developed. Labrum small to rather large, in latter case broadly subrectanpular; palpal formula 6-4; pronotum closely appressed to scutum. Scutum with admedian lines fused into a single line at or very near anterior edge; notauli absent; with oblique scutal carina; scutellum without posterior overlapping edge. Omaulus usually present, sometimes indistinct; acetabular carina present, sometimes faint; subomaulus present; episternal and scrobal sulci absent or evanescent; sternaulus absent; verticaulus sometimes present. Metapleuron not always separated from propodeum by a distinct sulcus or line beneath upper metapleural pit; propodeum usually spined dorsolaterally. Midcoxae widely separated, precoxal sulcus complete or sometimes obscure; midtibia usually with two apical spurs (exceptionally one); foretarsal rake weak or absent; arolia small or absent; plantulae present but usually very small. Forewing media usually diverging at or before cu-a; stigma usually rather small; two or three submarginal cells, true second cell petiolate (when present) and receiving at least one recurrent vein. Hindwing media diverging before to after cu-a; jugal lobe small or absent. Gaster with tergum I nearly as broad as II and with lateral line or carina; sternum I with a double ridge converging basally; male with seven visible terga; male sternum VIII simple; male genitalia with volsella undifferentiated into cuspis and digitus; female pygidial plate usually well developed but sometimes indistinct, and with entire pygidium serrate or multidentate.

<==Nyssonini BM76
    |  i. s.: Epinysson BM76
    |         Zanysson BM76
    |         Neonysson Bohart 1968 BM76
    |           |--*N. porteri (Ruiz 1936) [=Nysson porteri] BM76
    |           `--N. herbsti Bohart 1968 BM76
    |         Hovanysson Arnold 1945 BM76
    |           |--*H. camelus (Arnold 1945) [=Brachystegus camelus] BM76
    |           `--H. albibarbis (Arnold 1945) [=Nysson albibarbis] BM76
    |--+--Nursea Cameron 1902 BM76
    |  |    `--*N. carinata Cameron 1902 BM76
    |  `--Nippononysson Yasumatsu & Maidl 1936 BM76
    |       |--*N. rufopictus Yasumatsu & Maidl 1936 BM76
    |       |--N. adiaphilus Krombein 1943 BM76
    |       `--N. inexspectatus Beaumont 1967 BM76
    `--+--+--Nysson BM76
       |  |--Synnevrus BM76
       |  `--Hyponysson Cresson 1882 BM76
       |       |--*H. bicolor Cresson 1882 BM76
       |       `--H. raui (Rohwer 1917) [=Nysson raui] BM76
       `--+--+--+--Brachystegus BM76
          |  |  `--Heterogyna [Heterogynaidae] SN18
          |  |       `--H. nocticola SN18
          |  `--Acanthostethus Smith 1869 [incl. Spalagia Shuckard 1840 (n. n.)] BM76
          |       |--A. mysticus (Gerstäcker 1867) [=Nysson mysticus; incl. *A. basalis Smith 1869] C85
          |       |--A. brisbanenssi (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) brisbanensis] C85
          |       |--A. confertus (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) confertus] C85
          |       |--A. gilberti (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) gilberti] C85
          |       |--A. hentyi (Rayment 1953) [=Nysson hentyi] C85
          |       |--A. minimus (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) minimus] C85
          |       |--A. moerens (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) moerens] C85
          |       |--A. nudiventris (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) nudiventris] C85
          |       |--A. obliteratus (Turner 1910) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) obliteratus] C85
          |       |--A. portlandensis (Rayment 1953) [=Nysson portlandensis] C85
          |       |--A. punctatissimus (Turner 1908) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) punctatissimus] C85
          |       |--A. saussurei (Handlirsch 1887) [=Nysson saussurei] C85
          |       |--A. spiniger (Turner 1908) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) spiniger] C85
          |       |--A. tasmanicus (Turner 1915) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) tasmanicus] C85
          |       `--A. triangularis (Turner 1940) [=Nysson (Acanthostethus) triangularis] C85
          `--+--+--Perisson Pate 1938 BM76
             |  |    `--*P. basirufus (Brèthes 1913) [=Nysson basirufus] BM76
             |  |--Cresson Pate 1938 [=Cressonius Bradley 1956] BM76
             |  |    `--*C. parvispinosus (Reed 1894) [=Nysson parvispinosus] BM76
             |  |--Antomartinezius Fritz 1955 BM76
             |  |    |--*A. patei (Fritz 1955) [=Cresson patei] BM76
             |  |    |--A. boharti Fritz 1973 BM76
             |  |    `--A. fritzi Bohart 1968 BM76
             |  `--Foxia Ashmead 1898 BM76
             |       |--*F. pacifica Ashmead 1898 BM76
             |       |--F. cuna Pate 1938 BM76
             |       |--F. deserticola Fritz 1959 BM76
             |       |--F. divergens (Ducke 1903) [=Nysson divergens] BM76
             |       |--F. garciai Fritz 1972 BM76
             |       |--F. martinezi Fritz 1972 BM76
             |       |--F. navajo Pate 1938 BM76
             |       |--F. pirita Fritz 1972 BM76
             |       |--F. secunda (Rohwer 1921) [=Nysson secundus] BM76
             |       `--F. tercera Fritz 1972 BM76
             `--+--Losada Pate 1940 BM76
                |    |--*L. paria Pate 1940 BM76
                |    |--L. mutilloides (Ducke 1903) [=Nysson mutilloides] BM76
                |    `--L. penai Fritz 1973 BM76
                |--Idionysson Pate 1940 BM76
                |    |--*I. borero Pate 1940 BM76
                |    |--I. chrysozonus (Gerstaecker 1867) [=Nysson chrysozonus] BM76
                |    `--I. cordialis Fritz 1970 BM76
                `--Metanysson Ashmead 1899 [incl. Huachuca Pate 1938] BM76
                     |--*M. solani (Cockerell 1895) [=Nysson solani] BM76
                     |--M. alfkeni (Ducke 1904) [=Nysson alfkeni] BM76
                     |--M. arivaipa Pate 1938 [=*Huachuca arivaipa] BM76
                     |--M. carcavalloi Fritz 1959 BM76
                     |--M. catamarcensis (Schrottky 1910) [=Paranysson catamarcensis] BM76
                     |--M. cicheroi Fritz 1973 BM76
                     |--M. coahuila Pate 1938 BM76
                     |--M. diezguitas Fritz 1958 BM76
                     |--M. foersteri Fritz 1958 BM76
                     |--M. fraternus Fritz 1970 BM76
                     |--M. horacioi Fritz 1973 BM76
                     |--M. layano Pate 1938 BM76
                     |--M. lipan Pate 1938 BM76
                     |--M. toba Fritz 1973 BM76
                     |--M. tropicalis Fritz 1970 BM76
                     `--M. yavapai Pate 1938 BM76

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BM76] Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke. 1976. Sphecid Wasps of the World. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[C85] Cardale, J. C. 1985. Vespoidea and Sphecoidea. In: Walton, D. W. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 2. Hymenoptera: Formicoidea, Vespoidea and Sphecoidea pp. 150–303. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.

[SN18] Sann, M., O. Niehuis, R. S. Peters, C. Mayer, A. Kozlov, L. Podsiadlowski, S. Bank, K. Meusemann, B. Misof, C. Bleidorn & M. Ohl. 2018. Phylogenomic analysis of Apoidea sheds new light on the sister group of bees. BMC Evolutionary Biology 18: 71.