Polymorphinidae

Opposite sides and top view of Sigmomorphina spatula, from Loeblich & Tappan (1964b).


Belongs within: Lagenida.

The Polymorphinidae are a group of multichambered forams known from the Triassic to the present (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b).

Characters (from Loeblich & Tappan 1964b): Test multilocular, chambers in spiral or sigmoidal coil about longitudinal axis of growth, or biserial or uniserial, typically somewhat overlapping; aberrant forms may be irregular and attached; apertures all develop in same direction, terminal, radiate.

<==Polymorphinidae
    |--Ramulininae LT64b
    |    |--Ramulinella Paalzow 1932 LT64b
    |    |    `--*R. suevica Paalzow 1932 LT64b
    |    |--Sporadogenerina Cushman 1927 LT64b
    |    |    `--S. proteiformis (Flint 1899) [=Ramulina proteiformis; incl. *S. flintii Cushman 1927] LT64b
    |    |--Washitella Tappan 1943 LT64b
    |    |    `--*W. typica Tappan 1943 LT64b
    |    `--Ramulina Jones in Wright 1875 C40
    |         |--*R. laevis Jones in Wright 1875 C04
    |         |--R. aculeata [=Dentalina aculeata] LT64b
    |         `--R. globulifera C40
    |--Webbinellinae LT64a
    |    |--Webbinella Rhumbler 1904 [=Arwebbinum Rhumbler 1913] LT64b
    |    |    `--*W. hemisphaerica (Jones, Parker & Brady 1865) [=Trochammina (Webbina) irregularis hemisphaerica] LT64b
    |    |--Histopomphus Loeblich & Tappan 1949 LT64b
    |    |    `--*H. redriverensis (Tappan 1943) [=Globulina redriverensis] LT64b
    |    |--Vitriwebbina Chapman 1892 LT64b
    |    |    `--*V. sollasi Chapman 1892 LT64b
    |    `--Bullopora Quenstedt 1856 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
    |         |--*B. rostrata Quenstedt 1856 C40
    |         |--B. breoni (Terquem & Piette in Terquem 1862) (see below for synonymy) LT64b
    |         |--B. irregularis (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Webbina irregularis, *Arperneroum irregulare] LT64b
    |         `--B. laevis C40
    `--Polymorphininae C40
         |  i. s.: Enantiomorphina Marie 1941 LT64b
         |           `--*E. lemoinei Marie 1941 LT64b
         |         Falsoguttulina Bartenstein & Brand 1949 LT64b
         |           `--*F. wolburgi Bartenstein & Brand 1949 LT64b
         |         Globulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 [incl. Aulostomella Alth 1850] LT64b
         |           |--*G. gibba (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Globuline) gibba, Guttulina (*Globulina) gibba] LT64b
         |           |--G. arenacea Brotzen 1948 LT64a
         |           |--G. inaequalis C40
         |           `--*Aulostomella’ pediculus Alth 1850 LT64b
         |         Paradentalina Uchio 1960 LT64b
         |           `--*P. muraii (Uchio 1953) [=Enantiodentalina muraii] LT64b
         |         Pyrulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
         |           |--*P. gutta (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Pyruline) gutta] LT64b
         |           |--P. cylindroides C40
         |           |--P. fusiformis C40
         |           `--‘Polymorphina’ lanceolata Reuss 1851 [=*Pyrulinella lanceolata] LT64b
         |         Pyrulinoides Marie 1941 LT64b
         |           `--*P. acuminata (d’Orbigny 1840) [=Pyrulina acuminata] LT64b
         |         Sagoplecta Tappan 1951 LT64b
         |           `--*S. goniata Tappan 1951 LT64b
         |         Tobolia Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 LT64b
         |           `--*T. veronikae Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
         |--Glandulopleurostomella Silvestri 1903 G-B87 [incl. Paleopolymorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40]
         |    |--*G. subcylindrica (Hantken 1875) [=Polymorphina subcylindrica] LT64b
         |    |--G. pleurostomelloides (Franke 1928) G-B87 (see below for synonymy)
         |    `--‘Paleopolymorphina’ rara Vassilenko 1961 G-B87
         |--Eoguttulina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40
         |    |--*E. anglica Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40
         |    `--E. polygona C40
         |--Spirofrondicularia Schubert 1902 LT64b [incl. Quadrulina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40, LT64b]
         |    |--*S. frondicularioides (Chapman 1894) [=Polymorphina frondicularioides] LT64b
         |    |--‘Quadrulina’ lagenalis C40
         |    `--‘Polymorphina’ rhabdogonoides Chapman 1894 [=*Quadrulina rhabdogonoides] LT64b
         `--+--Pseudopolymorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40
            |    |--*P. hanzawai Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04
            |    |--P. atlantica LT64a
            |    |--P. jonesi C40
            |    |--P. rutila C40
            |    `--P. tasmanica Parr & Collins 1937 Q72
            |--Guttulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 C40 [incl. Sigmomorpha Cushman & Ozawa 1928 LT64b]
            |    |--*G. communis (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Guttuline) communis] LT64b
            |    |--G. cuspidata M08
            |    |--G. lactea M62
            |    |--G. problema C40
            |    |--G. pulchella C40
            |    |--G. sadoensis (Cushman & Ozawa 1928) [=*Sigmomorpha sadoensis] LT64b
            |    `--G. trigonula M08
            `--+--Sigmomorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40 (see below for synonymy)
               |    |--*S. yokoyamai (Cushman & Ozawa 1928) [=Sigmomorpha (*Sigmomorphina) yokoyamai] LT64b
               |    |--S. frondiculariformis C40
               |    |--S. parisiensis Rouvillois 1960 [=S. (*Sigmomorphinoides) parisiensis] LT64b
               |    |--S. pseudoregularis C40
               |    |--S. semitecta [incl. S. semitecta var. terquemiana] C40
               |    |--S. spatula (Lalicker 1950) [=*Ellisina spatula, *Pealerina spatula] LT64b
               |    |--S. williamsoni M62
               |    `--S. wynyardensis Parr & Collins 1937 Q72
               `--+--Sigmoidella Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04 [incl. Sigmoidina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 LT64b]
                  |    |--*S. kagaensis Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04
                  |    |--S. elegantissima C40
                  |    `--S. pacifica Cushman & Ozawa 1928 [=S. (*Sigmoidina) pacifica] LT64b
                  `--Polymorphina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 (see below for synonymy)
                       |--*P. burdigalensis d’Orbigny 1826 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
                       |--P. charlottensis C40
                       `--P. complanata C40

Polymorphinidae incertae sedis:
  Misilus de Montfort 1808 C40, LT64b
    `--*M. aquatifer de Montfort 1808 LT64b
  Apiopterina Zborzewski 1834 (n. d.) LT64b
    `--*A. orbignyi Zborzewski 1834 LT64b
  Raphanulina Zborzewski 1834 (n. d.) LT64b
    `--*R. humboldtii Zborzewski 1834 LT64b
  ‘Diplostoma’ Ebensberger 196 nec Rafinesque 1817 nec de Fromentel 1860 (n. d.) LT64b
    `--*D. siamesia Ebensberger 1962 (n. d.) LT64b
  Arethusa de Montfort 1808 (n. d.) LT64b
    `--*A. corymbosa de Montfort 1808 LT64b

Nomina nuda: Polymorphina labiata [=Ellipsopleurostomella labiata] LT64b
             Polymorphina nodosa Battey 1949 B49

Bullopora Quenstedt 1856 [incl. Arperneroum Rhumbler 1913, Arplacopsum Rhumbler 1913, Placopsum Rhumbler 1913] LT64b

Bullopora breoni (Terquem & Piette in Terquem 1862) [=Webbina breoni, *Arplacopsum breoni, *Placopsum breoni] LT64b

Glandulopleurostomella pleurostomelloides (Franke 1928) G-B87 [=Polymorphina pleurostomelloides G-B87, *Paleopolymorphina pleurostomelloides C40]

Polymorphina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 [=Glandulopolymorphina Silvestri 1901 LT64b, Rostrolina von Schlicht 1870 LT64b]

*Polymorphina burdigalensis d’Orbigny 1826 [=*Glandulopolymorphina burdigalensis, *Rostrolina burdigalensis] LT64b

Pyrulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 [=Pirulina Bronn & Roemer 1853; incl. Pyrulinella Cushman & Ozawa 1928] LT64b

Sigmomorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40 [incl. Ellisina Lalicker 1950 non Norman 1903 LT64b, Pealerina Lalicker in Thalmann 1950 LT64b, Sigmomorphinoides Rouvillois 1960 LT64b]

*Tobolia veronikae Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 [=T. veronica Bykova, Dain & Fursenko in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959] LT64b

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B49] Battey, M. H. 1949. The geology of the Tuakau-Mercer area, Auckland. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 429–455.

[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

[G-B87] Gawor-Biedowa, E. 1987. New benthic foraminifers from the Late Cretaceous of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 32 (1–2): 49–72.

[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[M08] McMillan, I. K. 2008. Reappraisal of foraminiferal assemblages of the Santonia-Campanian Mzamba Formation type section, and their correlation with the stratigraphic succession of the KwaZulu Basin. African Natural History 4: 25–34.

[M62] Monniot, F. 1962. Recherches sur les graviers a Amphioxus de la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu 13: 231–322.

[Q72] Quilty, P. G. 1972. The biostratigraphy of the Tasmanian marine Tertiary. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 106: 25–44.

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