Scaevola

Fairy fan-flower Scaevola aemula, copyright Nemracc.

Belongs within: Goodeniaceae.

Scaevola, fan-flowers, is a pantropical genus of herbs or shrubs, most diverse in Australia, whose asymmetrical flowers have distinctly spreading corolla lobes (Black & Robertson 1965).

Characters (from Black & Robertson 1965): Herbs, undershrubs or shrubs; flowers sessile or pedunculate, in the axil of a leafy floral bract and with two narrow bracteoles at base. Sepals 5, short, sometimes minute; corolla slit to base on upper side, lobes subequal, spreading like a fan or the fingers of an open hand; wings equal; auricles absent; stamens free; ovary inferior, two-celled with one erect ovule in each cell, rarely one-celled with one or two erect basal ovules; style usually curved inwards at summit; indusium cup-shaped, ciliate at summit; fruit indehiscent, dry or succulent, endocarp usually bony; seeds oblong, embryo mostly terete.

<==Scaevola Linnaeus 1771 A61
    |--S. sect. Crossotoma BR65
    |    |--S. bursariifolia BR65
    |    `--S. spinescens BR65
    |--S. sect. Pogonanthera BR65
    |    |--S. collaris BR65
    |    `--S. depauperata BR65
    `--S. sect. Xerocarpaea R65
         |--S. aemula Brown 1810 [incl. S. humilis Brown 1810] BR65
         |--S. albida (Smith) Druce 1917 [=Goodenia albida Smith 1794; incl. S. microcarpa Cavanilles 1801] BR65
         |--S. calendulacea (Andrews) Druce 1917 (see below for synonymy) BR65
         |--S. collina Black ex Robertson 1965 R65
         |--S. crassifolia BR65
         |--S. linearis BR65
         |    |--S. l. var. linearis BR65
         |    `--S. l. var. confertifolia BR65
         |--S. nitida BR65
         |--S. ovalifolia BR65
         |    |--S. o. var. ovalifolia BR65
         |    `--S. o. var. glabra BR65
         `--S. pallida [=S. microcarpa var. pallida] BR65

Scaevola incertae sedis:
  S. browniana LK14
  S. calliptera SP03
  S. frutescens K03
  S. globulifera GK00
  S. gracilis Hooker 1856 A61
  S. koenigii YZ02
  S. lanceolata GK00
  S. macrostachya LK14
  S. myrtifolia [incl. S. groeneri] BR65
  S. parvifolia SM90
  S. phlebopetala GK00
  S. platyphylla GK00
  S. plumieri (Linnaeus) Vahl 1791 (see below for synonymy) GB02
  S. repens KM08
    |--S. r. var. repens KM08
    `--S. r. var. erecta KM08
  S. revoluta LK14
    |--S. r. ssp. revoluta LK14
    `--S. r. ssp. stenostachya LK14
  S. sericea GB02
  S. taccada SB12
  S. tomentosa KM08

Scaevola calendulacea (Andrews) Druce 1917 [=Goodenia calendulacea Andrews 1798; incl. S. suaveolens Brown 1810] BR65

Scaevola plumieri (Linnaeus) Vahl 1791 [=Lobelia plumieri Linnaeus 1753; incl. S. lobelia Murray 1774 (nom. illeg.)] GB02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BR65] Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. 1965. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[GK00] Gibson, N., & G. J. Keighery. 2000. Flora and vegetation of the Byenup-Muir reserve system, south-west Western Australia. CALMScience 3 (3): 323–402.

[GB02] Gopalakrishna Bhat, K. 2002. Additions to the flora of Karnataka. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 566–567.

[K03] Kårehed, J. 2003. The family Pennantiaceae and its relationships to Apiales. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141: 1–24.

[KM08] Keighery, G. J., & W. Muir. 2008. Vegetation and vascular flora of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 11–19.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[R65] Robertson, E. L. 1965. Diagnoses to new taxa. In: Black, J. M., & E. L. Robertson. Flora of South Australia. Part IV. Oleaceae–Compositae pp. 946. W. L. Hawes, Government Printer: Adelaide.

[SP03] Sage, L. W., & J. P. Pigott. 2003. Conservation status of Goodenia (Goodeniaceae) in Western Australia, including a review of threatened, rare and poorly known species. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 86 (4): 123–132.

[SM90] Smith, G. T., & S. R. Morton. 1990. Responses by scorpions to fire-initiates succession in arid Australian spinifex grasslands. Journal of Arachnology 18: 241–244.

[SB12] Smith, M. J., C. R. J. Boland, D. Maple & B. Tiernan. 2012. The Christmas Island blue-tailed skink (Cryptoblepharus egeriae): a survey protocol and an assessment of factors that relate to occupancy and detection. Records of the Western Australian Museum 27 (1): 40–44.

[YZ02] Yahya, H. S. A., & A. A. Zarri. 2002. Status, ecology and behaviour of Narcondam hornbill (Aceros narcondami) in Narcondam Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 434–445.