Carabinae

Forest caterpillar hunter Calosoma sycophanta, copyright Thomas Huntke.

Belongs within: Carabidae.
Contains: Pamborus, Carabus.

The Carabinae are a group of ground beetles that, in the sense used herein, include species with open procoxal and mesocoxal cavities (other classifications expand the 'Carabinae' to cover a much larger, probably non-monophyletic subgroup of the Carabidae). In members of the tribe Carabini, the mandibles lack teeth and have a rugose upper surface, and the clypeus possesses a setigerous puncture at each anterior corner. Species of Calosoma have antennae with the second segment globose and distinct carinae along the dorsal margin of the second and third segments, and mandibles with transversely corrugate surfaces. Members of this genus climb vegetation in search of tree-dwelling larvae of insects such as moths and sawflies, and may play a role in the control of defoliators (Ball & Bousquet 2001).

Members of the Cychrini have smooth and toothed mandibles, and lack prominent setae on the clypeus (Lawrence & Britton 1991). They are molluscivores, inhabiting cool, damp woods and ravines. Within Cychrini, Scaphinotus differs from the genera Sphaeroderus and Cychrus in possessing at least a partial suture separating the proepisternum and proepimeron (Ball & Bousquet 2001).

Carabinae [Carabitae]
    |  i. s.: Ceroglossus chilensis (Eschscholtz 1829) B14
    |         Damaster blaptoides Kollar 1836 B14
    |         Acoptolabrus B14
    |         Coptolabrus B14
    |--Cychrini [Cychrinae, Pamborinae] LB91
    |    |--Sphaeroderus Dejean 1826 BB01
    |    |--Cychropsis Boileau 1901 BB01
    |    |--Pamborus LB91
    |    |--Cychrus Fabricius 1794 BB01
    |    |    |--C. attenuatus B14
    |    |    |--C. caraboides Linnaeus 1758 B14
    |    |    |--C. cordicollis B14
    |    |    `--C. rostratus [=Carabus (Cychrus) rostratus] G20
    |    `--Scaphinotus Dejean 1826 BB01
    |         |--S. (Scaphinotus) [incl. Irichroa Newman 1838, Megaliridia Casey 1920] BB01
    |         |    |--S. (S.) elevatus Fabricius 1787) BB01
    |         |    |    |--S. e. elevatus BB01
    |         |    |    `--S. e. neomexicanus Van Dyke 1924 BB01
    |         |    `--S. (S.) petersi BB01
    |         |--S. (Brennus Motschulsky 1865) BB01
    |         |    `--S. (B.) marginatus (Fischer von Waldheim 1822) BB01
    |         |--S. (Maronetus Casey 1914) BB01
    |         |    |--S. (M.) debilis (LeConte 1853) BB01
    |         |    |--S. (M.) hubbardi (Schwarz 1895) BB01
    |         |    |--S. (M.) imperfectus (Horn 1860) BB01
    |         |    `--S. (M.) incompletus (Schwarz 1895) BB01
    |         |--S. (Neocychrus Roeschke 1907) BB01
    |         |    `--S. (N.) angulatus BB01
    |         |--S. (Nomaretus LeConte 1853) BB01
    |         |--S. (Pseudonomaretus Roeschke 1907) BB01
    |         |--S. (Steniridia Casey 1924) BB01
    |         |    `--S. (S.) andrewsii BB01
    |         `--S. (Stenocantharus Gistel 1857) [incl. Pemphus Motschulsky 1866] BB01
    |              `--S. (S.) angusticollis (Fischer von Waldheim 1823) BB01
    `--Carabini LB91
         |--Carabus BB01
         `--Calosomatina BB01
              |--Aplothorax Waterhouse 1843 BB01
              `--Calosoma Weber 1801 BB01 [=Callisoma Agassiz 1846 LM87]
                   |  i. s.: C. australe Hope 1845 LM87
                   |         C. cyaneoventre Mandl 1955 LM87
                   |         C. inquisitor L02
                   |--C. (Calosoma) [incl. Callipara Motschulsky 1865, Syncalosoma Breuning 1927] BB01
                   |    |--*C. (C.) sycophanta (Linnaeus 1758) [=Carabus sycophanta] LM87
                   |    `--C. (C.) frigidum Kirby 1837 BB01
                   |--C. (Australodrepa Lapouge 1929) LM87
                   |    |--C. (A.) oceanicum Perroud & Montrouzier 1864 (see below for synonymy) LM87
                   |    `--C. (A.) schayeri Erichson 1842 (see below for synonymy) LM87
                   |--C. (Blaptosoma Géhin 1876) [incl. Aulacopterum Géhin 1885] BB01
                   |    `--C. (B.) haydeni Horn 1870 BB01
                   |--C. (Callisthenes Fischer von Waldheim 1821) BB01
                   |--C. (Callitropa Motschulsky 1865) [incl. Paratropa Lapouge 1929] BB01
                   |    |--C. (C.) externum (Say 1823) BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) macrum LeConte 1853 BB01
                   |--C. (Calodrepa Motschulsky 1865) BB01
                   |    |--C. (C.) aurocinctum Chaudoir 1850 BB01
                   |    |--C. (C.) scrutator (Fabriciys 1775) BB01
                   |    |--C. (C.) splendidum Dejean 1831 BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) wilcoxi LeConte 1848 BB01
                   |--C. (Camedula Motschulsky 1865) [incl. Acamegonia Lapouge 1924] BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) peregrinator Guérin-Méneville 1844 BB01
                   |--C. (Camegonia Lapouge 1924) BB01
                   |    |--C. (C.) marginale Casey 1897 BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) prominens BB01
                   |--C. (Carabosoma Géhin 1885) BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) angulatum Chevrolat 1834 BB01
                   |--C. (Castrida Motschulsky 1865) (see below for synonymy) BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) sayi Dejean 1826 BB01
                   |--C. (Chrysostigma Kirby 1837) [incl. Lyperostenia Lapouge 1929] BB01
                   |    `--C. (C.) calidum (Fabricius 1775) BB01
                   |--C. (Microcallisthenes Apfelbeck 1918) [incl. Callistenia Lapouge 1929, Isotenia Lapouge 1929] BB01
                   |    |--C. (M.) luxatum Say 1823 BB01
                   |    `--C. (M.) moniliatum LeConte 1852 BB01
                   |--C. (Tapinosthenes Kolbe 1895) BB01
                   |    `--C. (T.) cancellatum Eschscholtz 1833 BB01
                   `--C. (Teratexis Semenov & Znojko 1933) BB01

Calosoma (Australodrepa) oceanicum Perroud & Montrouzier 1864 [incl. C. (*A.) timorense Chaudoir 1869, C. walkeri Waterhouse 1898] LM87

Calosoma (Australodrepa) schayeri Erichson 1842 [incl. C. curtisi Hope 1845, C. grandipenne Castelnau 1867] LM87

Calosoma (Castrida Motschulsky 1865) [incl. Acampalita Lapouge 1929, Calamata Motschulsky 1865, Callistriga Motschulsky 1865, Catastriga Lapouge 1929] BB01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BB01] Ball, G. E., & Y. Bousquet. 2001. Carabidae Latreille, 1810. In: Arnett, R. H., Jr & M. C. Thomas (eds) American Beetles vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia pp. 32–132. CRC Press: Boca Raton.

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[LM87] Lawrence, J. F., B. P. Moore, J. E. Pyke & T. A. Weir. 1987. Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 4. Coleoptera: Archostemata, Myxophaga and Adephaga. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.

Last updated: 19 December 2020.