Aphididae

Poplar-lettuce gall aphid Pemphigus bursarius, copyright Rasbak.

Belongs within: Aphidoidea.
Contains: Cinara, Aphidini.

The Aphididae, aphids, are a morphologically diverse group of phytophagous bugs with differentiated parthenogenetic and sexually reproducing generations. Commonly, populations will go through several parthenogenetic all-female generations before producing a single sexual generation at the end of the growing season. Parthenogenetic individuals are usually wingless and sexually reproducing individuals alate. Parthenogenetic females are viviparous whereas sexual females are oviparous. Some species cause gall formation on their plant hosts.

Characters (from Carver et al. 1991): Antennae 4—6-segmented; apical segment usually with well-delimited processus terminalis; one primary rhinarium basal to processus terminalis and one subapically on penultimate segment; other (secondary, adult) rhinaria present in most alatae and some apterae, usually concentrated on segment III. Eyes of apterae compound or 3—faceted. Siphunculi and cauda (modified apical segment) usually present; paired siphunculi marginally on or near T5, varying from rings to long, cylindrical tubes. Fore wings, if present, tectiform or, less often, held flat in repose; RP mostly present, M simple or 1— or 2-branched, CuA₁ and CuA₂ usually separate. Hind wings mostly with 2 oblique veins.

<==Aphididae [Eriosomatidae, Pemphigidae]
    |--Lachninae [Lachnidae] PS96
    |    |--Cinara CGW91
    |    |--Cedrobium laportei PS96
    |    |--Schizolachnus PS96
    |    |--Tuberolachnus PS96
    |    `--Trama taraxaci Shinji 1930 RD77, TYM08
    |--Pemphiginae GE05
    |    |--Aploneura lentisci M83
    |    |--Smynthurodes betae WEE70
    |    |--Geoica WEE70
    |    |    |--G. lucifuga WEE70
    |    |    `--G. utricularia W87
    |    |--Eriosoma WEE70
    |    |    |--E. lanigerum CGW91
    |    |    `--E. pyricola WEE70
    |    `--Pemphigus CGW91
    |         |--P. betae Ru96
    |         |--P. bursarius CGW91
    |         |--P. nidificusposchingeri R13
    |         |--P. populicaulis SB80
    |         |--P. populitransversus SS74
    |         `--P. populivenae S87
    |--Hormaphidinae [Hormaphidae, Hormaphididae, Mormaphidae] GE05
    |    |--Ceratovacuna lanigera CGW91, MHG04
    |    |--Oregma WEE70
    |    |--Hormaphis hamamelidis RD77
    |    |--Electrocornia P92
    |    |--Petiolaphis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    |    |    `--*P. laiyangensis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    |    |--Petiolaphioides Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    |    |    `--*P. shandongensis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    |    |--Yueaphis Wang 1993 H02
    |    |    `--*Y. fushunensis Wang 1993 H02
    |    |--Pseudoregma CGW91
    |    |    |--P. bambucicola GE05
    |    |    `--P. panicola CGW91
    |    `--Cerataphis WEE70
    |         |--C. brasiliensis (Hempel 1901) (see below for synonymy) Ra96
    |         |--C. formosana Takahashi 1924 Ra96
    |         |--C. lataniae Ra96
    |         `--C. orchidearum Ra96
    |--Aphidinae GE05
    |    |  i. s.: Aphidocallis caudatus GE05
    |    |         Cavariella aegopodii CGW91
    |    |         Aulacorthum CGW91
    |    |           |--A. circumflexum A71
    |    |           `--A. solani CGW91
    |    |         Brachycaudus CGW91
    |    |           |--B. cardui PSM96
    |    |           |--B. helichrysi CGW91
    |    |           |--B. persicae CGW91
    |    |           |--B. (Appelia) schwartzi (Börner 1931) MF05
    |    |           `--B. tragopogonis PSM96
    |    |         Hyalopterus pruni CGW91
    |    |         Macrosiphum CGW91
    |    |           |--M. albifrons PSM96
    |    |           |--M. californicum PSM96
    |    |           |--M. colylicola Shinji 1930 TYM08
    |    |           |--M. euphorbiae CGW91
    |    |           |--M. miscanthi WEE70
    |    |           |--M. (Macrosiphum) rosae (Linnaeus 1758) MF05
    |    |           `--M. urticae (Linnaeus 1758) V09, L58 [=Aphis urticae V09]
    |    |         Metopolophium dirhodum CGW91
    |    |         Myzus CGW91
    |    |           |--M. ascalonicus CGW91
    |    |           |--M. cerasi PSM96
    |    |           |--M. cymbalariae CGW91
    |    |           |--M. inuzakurae Shinji 1930 TYM08
    |    |           |--M. ornatus CGW91
    |    |           `--M. persicae CGW91
    |    |         Capitophorus elaeagni CGW91
    |    |         Hyperomyzus lactucae CGW91
    |    |         Rhopalosiphum CGW91
    |    |           |--R. enigmae [incl. R. enigmae var. parvae] M37
    |    |           |--R. insertum CGW91
    |    |           |--R. maidis CGW91
    |    |           |--R. nymphaeae CGW91
    |    |           |--R. padi CGW91
    |    |           |--R. prunifoliae M37
    |    |           |--R. rufiabdominalis CGW91
    |    |           `--R. subterraneum Mason 1937 M37
    |    |         Neomyzus circumflexus WEE70
    |    |         Brevicoryne brassicae WEE70
    |    |         Lipaphis erysimi WEE70
    |    |         Chaetosiphon WEE70
    |    |           |--C. fragaefolii WEE70
    |    |           `--C. tetrahodum PSM96
    |    |         Elatobium abietinum WEE70
    |    |         Idiopterus nephrelepidis WEE70
    |    |         Shinjia pteridifoliae WEE70
    |    |         Longiunguis sacchari WEE70
    |    `--Aphidini NNA-ZPH05
    `--Drepanosiphinae [Callaphididae, Drepanosiphidae, Sinaphididae] GE05
         |  i. s.: Jurocallis Shaposhnikov 1979 RJ93, HW11
         |           `--J. longipes RJ93
         |         Ceriferella CGW91
         |         Neuquenaphis CGW91
         |         Taiwanaphis [incl. Sensoriaphis] CGW91
         |           |--T. furcifera CGW91
         |           `--T. tasmaniae CGW91 [=Sensoriaphis tasmaniae WEE70]
         |         Neophyllaphis CGW91
         |           |--N. brimblecombei CGW91
         |           `--N. gingerensis CGW91
         |         Leptocallites Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*L. xilutianensis Hong 2002 H02
         |         Megalomytisites Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*M. lontitibiales Hong 2002 H02
         |         Fushunocallites Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*F. wanghuacunensis Hong 2002 H02
         |         Huaxiacallites Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*H. reptantes Hong 2002 H02
         |         Sinocallis Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*S. clypeolata Hong 2002 H02
         |         Eocallites Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*E. mallicaudatus Hong 2002 H02
         |         Polychaitocallis Hong 2002 H02
         |           `--*P. ovata Hong 2002 H02
         |         Xilutianocallis Wang 1991 H02
         |           `--*X. yangi Wang 1991 H02
         |         Balticaphis H02
         |         Balticornaraphis H02
         |         Larssonaphis H02
         |         Succaphis Heie 1967 H02
         |           `--*S. holgeri Heie 1967 H02
         |         Symydobius H02
         |         Euceraphis H02
         |         Penaphis Lin 1980 H02
         |           |--*P. circa Lin 1980 H02
         |           |--‘Sinaphis’ epichare Zhang et al. 1989 [incl. Penaphis nanligezhuanensis Lin 1995] H02
         |           `--P. peregrina (Zhang et al. 1989) [=Tartaraphis peregrina] H02
         |         Myzocallis RD77
         |         Aniferella P92
         |         Conicaudus P92
         |         Electromyzus P92
         |         Megantennaphis P92
         |         Mengeaphis glandulosa P92
         |         Sternaphis P92
         |         Tertiaphis P92
         |         Zymus P92
         |--Palaeosiphon [Palaeosiphonini] H02
         |--Megapodaphis [Macropodaphidini] H02
         |--Palaeophyllaphis Heie 1967 [Phyllaphidini] H02
         |    `--*P. longirostris Heie 1967 H02
         |--Lizerini P92
         |    |--Lizerius CGW91
         |    |--Mindazerius dominicanus Heie & Poinar 1988 P92
         |    `--Paoleilla P92
         `--Drepanosiphonini H02
              |--Drepanosiphon platanoidis RD77
              |--Oligocallis H02
              |--Meganotennaphis H02
              `--Ellectrocallis H02

Aphididae incertae sedis:
  Acyrthosiphon CGW91
    |--A. kondoi CGW91
    |--A. lactucae PSM96
    `--A. pisum CGW91
  Uroleucon LD04
    |--U. cirsii PSM96
    |--U. formosanus C96
    |--U. ivae PSM96
    |--U. russellae PSM96
    `--U. sonchi PSM96
  Macrosiphoniella F05
    |--M. ludovicianae PSM96
    `--M. madeirensis Aguiar & Ilharco 2005 F05
  Pseudoprotaphis Kadyrbekov 2001 F05
    `--*P. erigerontis (Holman 1966) [=Aphis (Protaphis) erigerontis] F05
  Tuberocephalus Shinji 1929 TYM08
    `--T. artemisiae Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Caraviella azamii Shinji 1930 TYM08
  Eumyzus Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Amphorophora katsurae Shinji 1930 TYM08
  Illinoia TYM08
    |--I. kerriae Shinji 1930 TYM08
    `--I. rhododendri PSM96
  Macrocaudus Shinji 1930 TYM08
    `--M. phaseoli Shinji 1930 TYM08
  Microtarsus Shinji 1929 TYM08
    `--M. pterydifoliae Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Anuraphis mumecola Shinji 1930 TYM08
  Pseudomegoura Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Somaphis Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Trichonosiphoniella Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Tuberocorpus Shinji 1929 TYM08
  Microlophium carnosum V09
  Pterochlorus rosae H01
  Chromaphis juglandicola KU07
  Panaphis juglandis KU07
  Calaphis CGW91
  Therioaphis trifolii CGW91
    |--T. t. trifolii PSM96
    `--T. t. maculata PSM96
  Neotoxoptera oliveri CGW91
  Sitobion CGW91
    |--S. avenae K09
    `--S. clydesmithi PSM96
  Pentalonia nigronervosa CGW91
  Megoura viciae N70
  Kallistaphis basalis WEE70
  Huaxiaphis Hong 2002 H02
    `--*H. gracilicornuta Hong 2002 H02
  Eomakrosoura Hong 2002 H02
    `--*E. expansirostrata Hong 2002 H02
  Liaoaphis Hong 2002 H02
    `--*L. furvifemoralis Hong 2002 H02
  Sunaphis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    |--*S. shandongensis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
    `--S. laiyangensis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
  Brachyunguis Das 1918 RH96
    |--B. (Brachyunguis) RH96
    |    |--*B. (B.) harmalae Das 1918 RH96
    |    |--B. (B.) bahamondesi Remaudière & Halbert 1996 RH96
    |    |--B. (B.) bishopi Remaudière & Halbert 1996 RH96
    |    `--B. (B.) bonnevillensis (Knowlton 1928) RH96
    `--B. (Xerophilaphis Nevsky 1928) RH96
         |--B. (*X.) saxaulica (Nevsky 1928) [=*Xerophilaphis saxaulica] RH96
         |--B. (X.) blanchardi Remaudière & Bahamondes 1987 RH96
         `--B. (X.) tetrapteralis (Cockerell 1902) RH96
  Diuraphis noxia T96
  Tetraneura ulmi W87
  Forda W87
    |--F. formicaria W87
    `--F. marginata W87
  Dysaphis RD77
    |--D. crataegi RD77
    `--D. plantaginea ACW01
  Schizoneura corni RD77, R13
  Tamalia RD77
  Hamamelistes RD77
  Phorodon humuli RD77
  Palaeoforda taymyrensis P92, RJ93
  Baltichaitophorus P92
  Pseudamphorophora P92
  Succinaphis P92

Cerataphis brasiliensis (Hempel 1901) [=Ceratovacuna brasiliensis; incl. Astegopteryx fransseni Hille Ris Lambers 1933, Cerataphis fransseni, Aleurocanthus palmae Ghesquière 1934, Cerataphis palmae, Cerataphis variabilis Hille Ris Lambers 1953] Ra96

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

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Last updated: 30 April 2022.