Aphidoidea

Holotype of Oviparosiphum jakovlevi, from Żyła et al. (2015). A: body, ventral view; B: body, dorsal view; C: original reconstruction.

Belongs within: Sternorrhyncha.
Contains: Phloemyzidae, Greenideidae, Aphididae.

The Aphidoidea are a diverse group of plant-sucking bugs that often exhibit an alternation of generations between alate, sexual and apterous, parthenogenetic forms. Alate forms have wings in which the bases of veins R, M and Cu are fused into a thick longitudinal vein near the costal edge terminating in a large stigma, from which the M and Cu veins diverge basally (Grimaldi & Engel 2005). In members of the modern families Phylloxeridae and Adelgidae, both parthenogenetic and sexual generations are oviparous.

<==Aphidoidea [Aphididoidea] GE05
    |--Grimmenaphis magnifica GE05
    |--Juraphis crassipes GE05
    |--Shaposhnikoviidae RJ93
    |    |--Tinaphis sibirica Vengerek 1989 GE05, RJ93
    |    `--Shaposhnikovia electri RJ93
    `--+--Phylloxeroidea SP02
       |    |  i. s.: Palaeophylloxera seilacheri Heie & Peñalver 1999 WP02
       |    |--Phylloxeridae GE05
       |    |    |--Daktulosphaira vitifolii CGW91 [=Viteus vitifolii CGW91; incl. Phylloxera vastatrix WEE70]
       |    |    |--Phylloxerina salicis CGW91
       |    |    |--Phylloxera quercus RD77
       |    |    `--Moritziella Börner 1908 CGW91, CS91
       |    |         `--M. corticalis CGW91
       |    `--+--Mesozoicaphididae GE05
       |       |--Taymyraphididae [Tajmyraphididae] GE05
       |       |    |--Tajmyraphis beckermigdisovae RJ93
       |       |    |--Jantardakhia P92
       |       |    |--Khatangaphis P92
       |       |    `--Retinaphis P92
       |       |--Elektraphididae GE05
       |       |    |--Antonaphis brachycera RJ93
       |       |    |--Schizoneurites RJ93
       |       |    |--Tajmyrella P92
       |       |    |--Antiquaphis P92
       |       |    `--Elektraphis P92
       |       `--Adelgidae [Chermesidae] GE05
       |            |--Pineus pini CGW91
       |            `--Adelges S07
       |                 |--A. cooleyi RD77
       |                 |--A. piceae S07
       |                 |--A. pseudotsugae SS96
       |                 `--A. tsugae WP99
       `--+--Greenideidae WP02
          |--Cretamyzidae GE05
          |--Aphididae GE05
          |--Thelaxidae SP02
          |    |--Palaeothelaxes setosa RJ93
          |    `--Thelaxes P92
          |--Anoeciidae [Anoeciinae] SP02
          |    |--Berendtaphis cimicoides RJ93
          |    `--Anoecia RD77
          |--Mindaridae SP02
          |    |--Mindarus abietinus R13
          |    `--Nordaphis sukatchevae RJ93
          |--Canadaphididae GE05
          |    |--Nuuraphis gemma Vengerek 1991 RJ93
          |    |--Canadaphis carpenteri RJ93
          |    |--Alloambria P92
          |    `--Pseudambria P92
          `--Oviparosiphidae SP02
               |--Bajsaphis Shaposhnikov 1985 HW11
               |--Acanthotrichaphis Shaposhnikov & Wegierek 1989 HW11
               |--Vitimaphis Shaposhnikov & Wegierek 1989 HW11
               |--Sinoviparosiphum Ren 1995 H02
               |    `--*S. lini Ren 1995 H02
               |--Expansaphis Hong & Wang 1990 H02
               |    |--*E. ovata Hong & Wang 1990 H02
               |    `--E. laticosta Hong & Wang 1990 H02
               `--Oviparosiphum Shaposhnikov & Wegierek 1989 HW11 (see below for synonymy)
                    |--*O. jakovlevi Shaposhnikov 1979 H02
                    |--O. laturn Hong & Wang 1990 H02
                    |--O. malacum (Zhang et al. 1989) (see below for synonymy) H02
                    `--O. opimum (Zhang et al. 1989) (see below for synonymy) H02

Aphidoidea incertae sedis:
  Longistigma caryae SP02
  Casimira AY04
  Eulachnus tauricus Bozhko 1961 MF05
  Drepanochaitophorus Zhang & Hong 1999 [Drepanochaitophoridae] H02
    `--D. fushunensis Zhang & Hong 1999 H02
  Phloemyzidae H02
  Dataiaphis Lin 1995 H02
    `--*D. conferis Lin 1995 H02
  Chaitophoridae [Chaitophorinae] RD77
    |--Sipha elegans RD77, PS96
    |--Periphyllus CGW91
    |    |--P. californiensis CGW91
    |    `--P. lyropictus PS96
    `--Chaitophorus R96
         |--C. niger R96
         |--C. populeti RD77
         |--C. populicola PS96
         `--C. utahensis PS96

Oviparosiphum Shaposhnikov & Wegierek 1989 HW11 [incl. Mesoviparosiphum Zhang et al. 1989 H02, Paroviparosiphum Zhang et al. 1989 H02]

Oviparosiphum malacum (Zhang et al. 1989) [=Mesoviparosiphum malacum; incl. M. tuanwangense Zhang et al. 1989] H02

Oviparosiphum opimum (Zhang et al. 1989) [=Paroviparosiphum opimum; incl. P. camptotrophum Zhang et al. 1989] H02

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AY04] Austin, A. D., D. K. Yeates, G. Cassis, M. J. Fletcher, J. La Salle, J. F. Lawrence, P. B. McQuillan, L. A. Mound, D. J. Bickel, P. J. Gullan, D. F. Hales & G. S. Taylor. 2004. Insects 'Down Under'—diversity, endemism and evolution of the Australian insect fauna: examples from select orders. Australian Journal of Entomology 43 (3): 216–234.

[CGW91] Carver, M., G. F. Gross & T. E. Woodward. 1991. Hemiptera (bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas, aphids, scale insects etc.) In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers vol. 1 pp. 429–509. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[CS91] Colloff, M. J., & E. L. Seyd. 1991. A new species of Moritzoppia from montane sites in the British Isles, with a redescription of M. clavigera (Hammer, 1952) (Acari: Oribatida: Oppiidae). Journal of Natural History 25: 1067–1074.

[GE05] Grimaldi, D., & M. S. Engel. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press: New York.

[HW11] Homan, A., & P. Wegierek. 2011. A new family of aphids (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha) from the Lower Cretaceous of Baissa, Transbaikalia. ZooKeys 130: 167–174.

[H02] Hong Y. 2002. Amber Insect of China. Beijing Scientific and Technological Publishing House.

[MF05] Monserrat, V. J., & S. de Freitas. 2005. Contribución al conocimiento de los crisópidos de Coquimbo, Patagonia y Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, Chile) (Insecta, Neuroptera, Chrysopidae). Graellsia 61 (2): 163–179.

[PS96] Pike, K. S., P. Starý, R. Miller, D. Allison, L. Boydston, G. Graf & T. Miller. 1996. New species and host records of aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) from the Pacific northwest, U.S.A. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (3): 570–591.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[R96] Raspi, A. 1996. Thaumatomyia elongatula (Becker) (Chloropidae) and Leucopis annulipes Zetterstedt (Chamaemyiidae): two Diptera preying on Phloeomyzus passerinii (Signoret) (Homoptera: Phloeomyzidae) in Italy. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98 (3): 509–516.

[R13] Reuter, O. M. 1913. Lebensgewohnheiten und Instinkte der Insekten bis zum Erwachen der sozialen Instinkte. R. Friedländer & Sohn: Berlin.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[RJ93] Ross, A. J., & E. A. Jarzembowski. 1993. Arthropoda (Hexapoda; Insecta). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 363–426. Chapman & Hall: London.

[SP02] Shcherbakov, D. E., & Yu. A. Popov. 2002. Superorder Cimicidea Laicharting, 1781: Order Hemiptera Linné, 1758. The bugs, cicadas, plantlice, scale insects, etc. [=Cimicida Laicharting, 1781, =Homoptera Leach, 1815 + Heteroptera Latreille, 1810). In: Rasnitsyn, A. P., & D. L. J. Quicke (eds) History of Insects pp. 143–157. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

[SS96] Simberloff, D., & P. Stilling. 1996. How risky is biological control? Ecology 77 (7): 1965–1974.

[S07] Ślipiński, A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

[WP99] Walter, D. E., & H. C. Proctor. 1999. Mites: Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

[WP02] Wegierek, P., & E. Peñalver. 2002. Fossil representatives of the family Greenideidae (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea) from the Miocene of Europe. Geobios 35: 745–757.

[WEE70] Woodward, T. E., J. W. Evans & V. F. Eastop. 1970. Hemiptera (bugs, leafhoppers, etc.) In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers pp. 387–457. Melbourne University Press.

Last updated: 30 April 2022.