Belongs within: Meliphagoidea.
Contains: Meliphaga, Anthochaera, Lichenostomus, Manorina, Melidectes, Melithreptus, Myzomela, Gliciphila, Philemon, Lichmera, Phylidonyris.
The Meliphagidae include the honeyeaters, a diverse group of birds found primarily in Australasia and Oceania. Honeyeaters have tongues modified for feeding on nectar (hence their vernacular name), but also feed on insects.The Australian chats of the genus Epthianura and the gibberbird Ashbyia lovensis are more terrestrial, shorter-billed birds that have historically been treated as a separate family but are indicated by phylogenetic analysis to be nested well within the Meliphagidae.
Characters (from The Internet Bird Collection): Tiny to very large, typically slender passerines with variably long and usually decurved bill, short to long tail; generally drab plumage, often with conspicuous wing patches of yellow or white, many with areas of bare facial skin or wattles.
<==Meliphagidae
|--+--+--Acanthorhynchus Gould 1837 ANM14, B94 [Acanthorhynchidae]
| | | |--A. superciliosus Gould 1837 [incl. A. s. stirlingi Mathews 1924, A. s. wilsoni Mathews 1912] WS48
| | | `--A. tenuirostris JT12
| | | |--A. t. tenuirostris M03
| | | |--A. t. cairnsensis M03
| | | |--A. t. dubius M03
| | | `--A. t. halmaturinus M03
| | `--+--Certhionyx variegatus Lesson 1830 ANM14, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | `--+--Pycnopygius BKB15
| | | |--P. cinereus JT12
| | | |--P. ixoides JT12
| | | `--P. stictocephalus JT12
| | `--+--Prosthemadera Gray 1840 BKB15, CC10
| | | `--P. novaeseelandiae (Gmelin 1788) (see below for synonymy) CC10
| | | |--P. n. novaeseelandiae (see below for synonymy) CC10
| | | `--P. n. chathamensis Hartet 1928 CC10
| | `--Anthornis Gray 1840 BKB15, CC10 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--*A. melanura (Sparrman 1786) (see below for synonymy) CC10
| | | |--A. m. melanura (see below for synonymy) CC10
| | | |--A. m. obscura Falla 1948 CC10
| | | `--A. m. oneho Bartle & Sagar 1987 CC10
| | `--A. melanocephala Gray in Dieffenbach 1843 (see below for synonymy) CC10
| `--+--+--Meliphaga ANM14
| | `--+--Stomiopera ANM14
| | | |--S. flava [=Lichenostomus flavus] ANM14
| | | `--S. unicolor (Gould 1842) [=Ptilotis unicolor; incl. P. unicolor darbiski Mathews 1912] WS48
| | `--+--+--+--+--‘Lichenostomus’ versicolor BKB15
| | | | | `--+--‘Lichenostomus’ fasciogularis BKB15
| | | | | `--Gavicalis virescens [=Lichenostomus virescens] ANM14
| | | | `--Ptilotula ANM14
| | | | |--+--‘Lichenostomus’ ornatus BKB15
| | | | | `--P. penicillata [=Lichenostomus penicillatus] ANM14
| | | | | |--P. p. penicillata M03
| | | | | |--‘Lichenostomus’ p. carteri M03
| | | | | `--‘Lichenostomus’ p. leilavalensis M03
| | | | `--P. flavescens [=Lichenostomus flavescens] ANM14
| | | | |--P. f. flavescens M03
| | | | `--‘Lichenostomus’ f. melvillensis M03
| | | `--+--+--Bolemoreus frenatus [=Lichenostomus frenatus] ANM14
| | | | `--‘Lichenostomus’ hindwoodi BKB15
| | | `--+--Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould 1838 BKB15, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | | `--Anthochaera ANM14
| | `--+--+--Purnella albifrons (Gould 1840) ANM14, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | | `--+--‘Lichenostomus’ unicolor BKB15
| | | `--+--‘Lichenostomus’ chrysops BKB15
| | | `--+--Caligavis obscura [=Lichenostomus obscurus] ANM14
| | | `--‘Lichenostomus’ subfrenatus BKB15
| | `--+--Lichenostomus ANM14
| | `--+--Manorina BKB15
| | `--Melidectes JT12
| `--+--Nesoptilotis ANM14
| | |--N. flavicollis [=Lichenostomus flavicollis] ANM14
| | `--N. leucotis [=Lichenostomus leucotis] ANM14
| | |--N. l. leucotis M03
| | `--‘Lichenostomus’ l. novaenorciae M03
| `--+--+--Melithreptus ANM14
| | `--Entomyzon cyanotis (Latham 1801) JT12, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | |--E. c. cyanotis M03
| | |--E. c. albipennis M03
| | `--E. c. griseigularis M03
| `--+--Meliarchus sclateri [=Melidectes sclateri] ANM14
| `--+--Guadalcanaria inexpectata ANM14
| `--+--+--‘Xanthotis’ provocator [=Foulehaio provocator] ANM14
| | `--+--‘Gymnomyza’ samoensis [=Amoromyza samoensis] ANM14
| | `--Foulehaio ANM14
| | |--F. procerior [=F. carunculatus procerior] ANM14
| | `--+--F. carunculatus ANM14
| | `--F. taviuensis [=F. carunculatus taviuensis] ANM14
| `--Gymnomyza JT12
| |--*G. aubryana ANM14
| `--G. viridis [=Amoromyza viridis] ANM14
| |--G. v. viridis ANM14
| `--G. v. brunneirostris ANM14
`--+--+--+--Sugomel niger ANM14 [=Certhionyx niger JT12]
| | `--+--Vosea Gilliard 1960 ANM14
| | | `--V. whitemanensis [=Melidectes whitemanensis] ANM14
| | `--Myzomela ANM14
| `--+--+--Glycichaera fallax ANM14
| | `--Ptiloprora JT12
| | |--P. erythropleura JT12
| | |--P. guisei JT12
| | |--P. mayri JT12
| | |--P. meekiana JT12
| | |--P. perstriata JT12
| | `--P. plumbea JT12
| `--Gliciphila ANM14
`--+--+--+--Stresemannia bougainvillei ANM14
| | `--+--Conopophila ANM14
| | | |--C. albogularis JT12
| | | |--C. rufogularis (Gould 1842) [=Entomophila rufogularis] WS48
| | | `--C. whitei JT12
| | `--Ramsayornis ANM14
| | |--R. fasciatus JT12
| | | |--R. f. fasciatus M03
| | | `--R. f. broomei M03
| | `--R. modestus JT12
| `--+--+--Ashbyia lovensis ANM14
| | `--Epthianura Gould 1838 JT12, B94 [Ephthianuridae]
| | |--E. crocea Castelnau & Ramsay 1877 BKB15, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | `--+--E. tricolor Gould 1840 ANM14, WS48 [incl. E. tricolor assimilis Mathews 1912 WS48]
| | `--+--E. albifrons (Jardine & Selby 1828) BKB15, WS48 (see below for synonymy)
| | `--E. aurifrons Gould 1838 BKB15, WS48 [incl. E. aurifrons flavescens Mathews 1912 WS48]
| `--+--+--Melilestes megarhynchus BKB15
| | `--Timeliopsis JT12
| | |--T. fulvigula JT12
| | `--T. griseigula JT12
| `--+--Macgregoria De Vis 1897 BKB15, B94 [Macgregoriinae]
| | `--M. pulchra JT12
| `--Melipotes ANM14
| |--M. ater JT12
| |--M. fumigatus JT12
| `--M. gymnops JT12
`--+--+--Philemon ANM14
| `--+--+--Grantiella picta JT12
| | `--Plectorhyncha lanceolata JT12
| `--Xanthotis JT12
| |--X. flaviventer JT12
| |--X. macleayanus JT12
| `--X. polygrammus JT12
`--+--Cissomela pectoralis ANM14 [=Certhionyx pectoralis JT12]
`--+--Lichmera JT12
`--+--Trichodere cockerelli JT12
`--Phylidonyris JT12
Meliphagidae incertae sedis:
Lacustroica whitei North 1910 [incl. L. whitei neglecta Mathews 1916] WS48
Leptomyza [incl. Leptornis] S13
`--L. aubryana [=Leptornis aubryanus] S13
Meliornis WS48
|--M. niger (Bechstein 1811) (see below for synonymy) WS48
`--M. novaehollandiae (Latham 1790) (see below for synonymy) WS48
Myzantha flavigula Gould 1839 (see below for synonymy) WS48
Oreornis chrysogenys JT12
Myza JT12
|--M. celebensis JT12
`--M. sarasinorum JT12
Melitograis gilolensis JT12
Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould 1838 BKB15, WS48 [incl. A. flavacanthus Campbell 1899 WS48, A. rufogularis wei Mathews 1912 WS48, A. rufogularis woolundra Mathews 1920 WS48]
Anthornis Gray 1840 BKB15, CC10 [=Anthomiza Swainon 1837 (n. o.) CC10, Anthomyza Gray 1840 non Fallén 1810 CC10]
Anthornis melanocephala Gray in Dieffenbach 1843 [=A. melanura melanocephala; incl. A. auriocula Buller 1865] CC10
*Anthornis melanura (Sparrman 1786) [=Certhia melanura, *Anthomiza caeruleocephala Swainson 1837] CC10
Anthornis melanura melanura (Sparrman 1786) [incl. Philedon dumerilii Lesson & Garnot in Duperrey 1828, A. melanura dumerilii, A. incoronata Bangs 1911, A. melanura incoronata, Certhia olivacea Forster in Lichtenstein 1844, A. ruficeps Pelzeln 1867, C. sannio Gmelin 1788, Philedon sannio] CC10
Certhionyx variegatus Lesson 1830 BKB15, WS48 [incl. C. occidentalis Ogilvie-Grant 1909 WS48, Melicophila picata Gould 1844 WS48]
Entomyzon cyanotis (Latham 1801) JT12, WS48 [=Gracula cyanotis WS48; incl. E. cyanotis subalbipennis Mathews 1912 WS48]
Epthianura albifrons (Jardine & Selby 1828) BKB15, WS48 [=Acanthiza albifrons WS48; incl. E. albifrons westralensis Mathews 1912 WS48]
Epthianura crocea Castelnau & Ramsay 1877 BKB15, WS48 [incl. Leachena crocea boweri Mathews 1922 WS48]
Meliornis niger (Bechstein 1811) [=Certhia nigra; incl. Meliornis nigra dulciei Mathews 1911, Meliornis nigra inexpectata Mathews 1912, Meliphaga mystacalis Gould 1840] WS48
Meliornis novaehollandiae (Latham 1790) [=Certhia novaehollandiae; incl. Meliornis novaehollandiae intermedius Mathews 1923, Meliphaga longriostris Gould 1846] WS48
Myzantha flavigula Gould 1839 [incl. M. flavigula casuarina Mathews 1912, M. flavigula clelandi Mathews 1912, M. lutea Gould 1839, M. obscura Gould 1840, M. obscura ortoni Ashby 1922, M. flavigula wayensis Mathews 1912] WS48
Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae (Gmelin 1788) [=Merops novaeseelandae, Lamprotornis novaezealandiae, Meliphaga novaezealandiae, Prosthemadera novaezealandiae] CC10
Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae [incl. Certhia cincinnata Forster in Lichtenstein 1844, Merops cincinnatus Latham 1790, Philemon cincinnatus, *Prosthemadera cincinnata, Pr. circinata Reichenbach 1852, Melliphaga circinata, Pr. concinnata Gray 1840, Sturnus crispicollis Daudin 1800, Pr. novaeseelandiae kermadecensis Mathews & Iredale 1914, Pr. novaeseelandiae kwini Kemp 1912, Meliphaga novaehollandiae Stephens in Shaw 1826, Pr. novaeseelandiae phoebe Kemp 1912] CC10
Purnella albifrons (Gould 1840) ANM14, WS48 [=Gliciphila albifrons WS48, Glyciphila albifrons WS48, Phylidonyris albifrons ANM14; incl. Gli. albifrons lavertoni Mathews 1924 WS48]
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[ANM14] Andersen, M. J., A. Naikatani & R. G. Moyle. 2014. A molecular phylogeny of Pacific honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae) reveals extensive paraphyly and an isolated Polynesian radiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 71: 308–315.
[B94] Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1–281.
[BKB15] Burleigh, J. G., R. T. Kimball & E. L. Braun. 2015. Building the avian tree of life using a large-scale, sparse supermatrix. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 84: 53–63.
[CC10] Checklist Committee (OSNZ). 2010. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica 4th ed. Ornithological Society of New Zealand and Te Papa Press: Wellington.
[JT12] Jetz, W., G. H. Thomas, J. B. Joy, K. Hartmann & A. Ø. Mooers. 2012. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature 491: 444–448.
[M03] Morcombe, M. 2003. Field Guide to Australian Birds 2nd ed. Steve Parish Publishing.
[S13] Sarasin, F. 1913. Die Vögel Neu-Caledoniens und der Loyalty-Inseln. In: Sarasin, F., & J. Roux (eds) Nova Caledonia: Forschungen in Neu-Caledonian und auf den Loyalty-Inseln. A. Zoologie vol. 1 pt 1 pp. 1–78, pls 1–3. C. W. Kreidels Verlag: Wiesbaden.
[WS48] Whittell, H. M., & D. L. Serventy. 1948. A systematic list of the birds of Western Australia. Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery of Western Australia, Special Publication 1: 1–126.
Last updated: 26 July 2019.
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