Cypriniformes

Chinese algae eater Gyrinocheilus aymonieri, copyright Garthhh.

Belongs within: Ostariophysi.
Contains: Balitoridae, Cobitidae, Catostomidae, Puntius, Labeo, Cyprininae, Gobioninae, Acheilognathinae, Leuciscinae, Barbinae.

The Cypriniformes are a cosmopolitan group of freshwater fishes that lack teeth in the front of the mouth.

Characters (from Bond 1996): Mouth teeth absent; lower pharyngeal bones sickle-shaped, with teeth that usually bite upwards against a cartilaginous pad borne on posterior extension of basioccipital bone; dorsal fin present, adipose fin usually absent; kinethmoid bone present between mesethmoid and ascending processes of premaxillaries; orbitosphenoid, parietals, symplectics and subopercular present; third and fourth vertebrae of Weberian apparatus not fused; prominent intermuscular bones often present.

Cypriniformes [Cypriniphysi, Cyprinoidei]
    |--Cobitoidea HM01
    |    |  i. s.: Balitoridae B96
    |    |--Cobitidae HM01
    |    `--+--Catostomidae HM01
    |       `--Gyrinocheilus [Gyrinocheilidae] HM01
    |            `--G. aymonieri HM01
    `--Cyprinidae HM01
         |  i. s.: Ericymba buccata SBW95
         |         Hybopsis (Hybopsis) amblops SBW95
         |         Notemigonus crysoleucas SBW95
         |         Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |         Clinostomus SBW95
         |           |--C. elongatus SBW95
         |           `--C. funduloides SBW95
         |         Exoglossum SBW95
         |           |--E. laurae SBW95
         |           `--E. maxillingua SBW95
         |         Hybognathus SBW95
         |           |--H. amarus B96
         |           |--H. argyritus B96
         |           |--H. nuchalis SBW95
         |           `--H. regius B96
         |         Macrhybopsis SBW95
         |           |--M. aestivalis SBW95
         |           `--M. storeriana SBW95
         |         Margariscus margarita SBW95
         |           |--M. m. margarita SBW95
         |           `--M. m. nachtriebi SBW95
         |         Semotilus SBW95
         |           |--S. atromaculatus SBW95
         |           |--S. bullaris F16
         |           |--S. corporalis SBW95
         |           `--S. lumbee SBW95
         |         Iranocypris Bruun & Kaiser 1943 TP86
         |           `--I. typhlops Bruun & Kaiser 1943 TP86
         |         Typhlogarra Trewavas 1955 TP86
         |           `--T. widdowsoni Trewavas 1955 TP86
         |         Caecocypris Banister & Bunni 1980 TP86
         |           `--C. basimi Banister & Bunni 1980 TP86
         |         Phreatichthys Vinciguerra 1924 TP86
         |           `--P. andruzzii Vinciguerra 1924 TP86
         |         Puntius AJ02
         |         Caecobarbus Boulenger 1921 TP86
         |           `--C. geertsi Boulenger 1921 TP86
         |         Barbopsis di Caporiacco 1926 TP86
         |           `--B. devecchii di Caporiacco 1926 (see below for synonymy) TP86
         |         Garra Hamilton 1822 TP86
         |           |--G. barreimiae Fowler & Steinitz 1956 TP86
         |           `--G. kalakadensis AJ02
         |         Labeo B96
         |         Tor AJ02
         |           |--T. khudree AJ02
         |           |--T. putitora RM72
         |           `--T. tor PP07
         |         Catlocarpio siamensis B96
         |         Diptychus dipogon B96
         |         Squalius cephalus B96
         |         Tinca SE08
         |           |--T. tinca (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |           `--T. vulgaris O97
         |         Aulopyge B96
         |         Discognathichthys B96
         |         Aphyocypris chinensis Günther 1868 I92
         |         Hemigrammocypris rasborella Fowler 1910 I92
         |         Pseudorasbora SE08
         |           |--P. parva (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) SE08
         |           `--P. pumila Miyadi 1930 I92
         |         Epalzeorhynchus kalopterus (Bleeker 1850) [=Barbus kalopterus] K55
         |         Hypselobarbus AJ02
         |           |--H. curmuca AJ02
         |           |--H. dobsoni AJ02
         |           |--H. dubius AJ02
         |           `--H. kolus AJ02
         |         Mylocheilus S92
         |           |--M. caurinus S92
         |           `--M. robustus S92
         |         Acrocheilus S92
         |           |--A. alutaceus S92
         |           `--A. latus S92
         |         Aspius aspius (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |         Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843) SE08
         |         Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |         Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) CA00, SE08
         |         Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) SE08
         |         Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |         Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |         Chondrostoma F05
         |           |  i. s.: C. almacai Coelho, Mesquita & Collares-Pereira 2005 F05
         |           |         C. nasus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
         |           |--C. lusitanicum Collares-Pereira 1980 RA05
         |           `--+--C. arcasii (Steindachner 1866) [=Rutilus arcasii] RA05
         |              |--C. occidentale Robalo, Almada et al. 2005 RA05
         |              `--C. oligolepis Robalo, Doadrio et al. 2005 (see below for synonymy) RA05
         |         Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson 1845) SE08
         |         Schizothorax pelzami CA00
         |         Varhostichthys G88
         |         Barbodes JR10
         |           |--B. baoulan B50
         |           |--B. binotatus B50
         |           |--B. clemensi B50
         |           |--B. hemictenus Jordan & Richardson 1908 JR10
         |           |--B. manalak B50
         |           |--B. palawanensis (Boulenger 1895) [=Barbus palawanensis] JR10
         |           |--B. quinquemaculatus JR10
         |           `--B. tumba B50
         |         Nematabramis JR10
         |           |--N. alestes [=Mearnsiella alestes] JR10
         |           `--N. everetti Boulenger 1895 JR10
         |         Dangila JR10
         |           |--D. cyanopareia [=Cyrene cyanopareia] JR10
         |           `--D. philippinia [=Cyrene philippinia] JR10
         |         Parabarbus AS09
         |         Stypodon signifer D81
         |         Lepidomeda D81
         |           |--L. altivelis D81
         |           `--L. mollispinis D81
         |                |--L. m. mollispinis D81
         |                `--L. m. pratensis D81
         |         Paraphoxinus B50
         |         Mandibularia resinus B50
         |--Cyprininae B96
         |--Gobioninae B96
         |--Acheilognathinae B96
         |--Leuciscinae B96
         `--Barbinae TP86

Cypriniformes incertae sedis:
  Adiposia B96
  Leptobotia curta (Temminck & Schlegel 1846) I92
  Opsariichthys uncirostris NE12
  Zacco SL86
    |--Z. platypus T90
    `--Z. temmincki T90
  Botia K55 [Botiidae B-RB13]
    |--B. horae B93
    |--B. hymenophysa (Bleeker 1852) [=Cobitis hymenophysa] K55
    |--B. macracantha (Bleeker 1852) [=Cobitis macracanthus] K55
    `--B. striatus RM72
  Barbuccidae B-RB13
  Ellopostomatidae B-RB13
  Psilorhynchidae B-RB13
  Serpenticobitidae B-RB13
  Vaillantellidae B-RB13

Barbopsis devecchii di Caporiacco 1926 [incl. Eilichthys microphthalmus Pellegrin 1929, B. stefaninii Gianferrari 1930] TP86

Chondrostoma oligolepis Robalo, Doadrio et al. 2005 [=Rutilus macrolepidotus Steindachner 1866 non Leuciscus macrolepidotus Ayres 1854, C. macrolepidotum] RA05

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AS09] Alfaro, M. E., F. Santini, C. Brock, H. Alamillo, A. Dornburg, D. L. Rabosky, G. Carnevale & L. J. Harmon. 2009. Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106 (32): 13410–13414.

[AJ02] Arunachalam, M., & J. A. Johnson. 2002. A new species of Puntius Hamilton (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 474–480.

[B93] Beresford, W. A. 1993. Cranial skeletal tissues: diversity and evolutionary trends. In: Hanken, J., & B. K. Hall (eds) 1993. The Skull vol. 2. Patterns of Structural and Systematic Diversity pp. 69–130. The University of Chicago Press.

[B-RB13] Betancur-R., R., R. E. Broughton, E. O. Wiley, K. Carpenter, A. López, C. Li, N. I. Holcroft, D. Arcila, M. Sanciangco, J. C. Cureton, II, F. Zhang, T. Buser, M. A. Campbell, J. A. Ballesteros, A. Roa-Varon, S. Willis, W. C. Borden, T. Rowley, P. C. Reneau, D. J. Hough, G. Lu, T. Grande, G. Arratia & G. Ortí. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLoS Currents Tree of Life April 18 2013. doi: 10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288.

[B96] Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes 2^nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth.

[B50] Brooks, J. L. 1950. Speciation in ancient lakes (concluded). Quarterly Review of Biology 25: 131–176.

[CA00] Coad, B. W., & A. Abdoli. 2000. Systematics of an isolated population of tooth-carp from northern Iran (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontidae). Zoology in the Middle East 21: 87–102.

[D81] Day, D. 1981. The Doomsday Book of Animals: A unique natural history of three hundred vanished species. Ebury Press: London.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[F16] Fowler, H. W. 1916. Fishes from eastern Canada. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 67 (3): 515–519.

[G88] Gray, J. 1988. Evolution of the freshwater ecosystem: the fossil record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62: 1–214.

[HM01] Harris, P. M., & R. L. Mayden. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of major clades of Catostomidae (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) as inferred from mitochondrial SSU and LSU rDNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20 (2): 225–237.

[I92] Iwahashi, J. (ed.) 1992. Reddo Deeta Animaruzu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.

[JR10] Jordan, D. S., & R. E. Richardson. 1910. Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine archipelago. Bureau of Printing: Manila.

[K55] Klausewitz, W. 1955. See- und Süßwasserfische von Sumatra und Java. Senckenbergiana Biologica 36 (5–6): 309–323.

[NE12] Near, T. J., R. I. Eytan, A. Dornburg, K. L. Kuhn, J. A. Moore, M. P. Davis, P. C. Wainwright, M. Friedman & W. L. Smith. 2012. Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 109 (34): 13698–13703.

[O97] Ogilby, J. D. 1897. On some Australian Eleotrinae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 21 (4): 725–757.

[PP07] Pandey, R. P., & P. M. Padhye. 2007. Studies on phytodiversity of Arid Machia Safari Park-Kailana in Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 15–78.

[RM72] Rajagopal, K. V., & V. Muddanna. 1972. Two unique methods of fishing for cobitids in the Tungabhadra River. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 69 (2): 429–432.

[RA05] Robalo, J. I., V. C. Almada, C. Sousa Santos, M. I. Moreira & I. Doadrio. 2005. New species of the genus Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832 (Actynopterigii, Cyprinidae) from western Portugal. Graellsia 61 (1): 19–29.

[SL86] Schaefer, S. A., & G. V. Lauder. 1986. Historical transformation of functional design: evolutionary morphology of feeding mechanisms in loricarioid catfishes. Systematic Zoology 35 (4): 489–508.

[SE08] Sevcsik, A., & T. Erös. 2008. A revised catalogue of freshwater fishes of Hungary and the neighbouring countries in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Pisces). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 100: 331–383.

[S92] Smith, G. R. 1992. Introgression in fishes: significance for paleontology, cladistics, and evolutionary rates. Systematic Biology 41 (1): 41–57.

[SBW95] Stauffer, J. R., Jr, J. M. Boltz & L. R. White. 1995. The fishes of West Virginia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 146: 1–389.

[T90] Taguchi, S. 1990. Nihon no Sakana. Kogakukan: Tokyo.

[TP86] Thinès, G., & G. Proudlove. 1986. Pisces. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 709–733. E. J. Brill/Dr W. Backhuys: Leiden.