Pteraspidomorphi

Reconstruction of Weigeltaspis alta, copyright Apokryltaros.

Belongs within: Craniata.
Contains: Amphiaspidiformes, Cyathaspidiformes, Pteraspidiformes, Psammosteiformes.

The Pteraspidomorphi are an Ordovician to Devonian clade of jawless fishes bearing paired nasal sacs with separate openings and no nasohypophyseal canal (Bond 1996).

<==Pteraspidomorphi [Pteraspides]
    |  i. s.: Palaeospondylus gunni B96
    |--+--Arandaspida [Arandaspidiformes, Arandaspidomorphi] MS16
    |  |    |  i. s.: *Anatolepis heintzi Bockelie & Fortey 1976 TBN04, B96, H93
    |  |    `--Arandaspididae H93
    |  |         |--Arandaspis prionotolepis Ritchie & Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977 H93
    |  |         `--Saccambaspis janvieri Gagnier 1987 H93
    |  `--Astraspidiformes [Astraspida, Eriptychiformes] SS05
    |       |--Eriptychius Walcott 1892 [Eriptychiidae] SS05
    |       |    `--*E. americanus Walcott 1892 [incl. E. orvigi Denison 1967, E. oervigi (l. c.)] SS05
    |       |--Porophoraspis [Porophoraspidae] H93
    |       |    `--P. crenulata Ritchie & Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977 H93
    |       |--Aseraspis [Aseraspididae] H93
    |       |    `--A. canadensis Dineley & Loeffler 1976 H93
    |       |--Lepidaspis [Lepidaspididae] H93
    |       |    `--L. serrata Dineley & Loeffler 1976 H93
    |       |--Astraspididae H93
    |       |    |--Tesakoviaspis concentrica Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 H93
    |       |    `--Astraspis Walcott 1892 MS16, SS05 [incl. Pycnaspis Ørvig 1958 SS05; Astraspididae]
    |       |         `--*A. desiderata Walcott 1892 [incl. *Pycnaspis splendens Ørvig 1958, A. splendens]
    |       `--Tesseraspididae [Tesseraspidida] H73
    |            |--Oniscolepis H73
    |            |--Tesseraspis H93
    |            |    |--T. denisoni Halstead Tarlo 1965 H93
    |            |    `--T. tesselata Wills 1935 BMM02
    |            `--Kallostrakon Lankester 1870 H73, SM01
    |                 |--K. macanuffi H73
    |                 `--K. podura H73
    `--Heterostraci MS16
         |  i. s.: Miltaspis anatirostrata MG01
         |         Athenaegis chattertoni Soehn & Wilson 1990 SM01
         |         Belgicaspis crouchi E84
         |         Cardipeltis [Cardipeltidae, Cardipeltiformes] H93
         |           |--C. bryanti Denison 1966 H93
         |           |--C. richardsoni Denison 1966 H93
         |           `--C. wallacii Branson & Mehl 1931 H93
         |--Amphiaspidiformes H93
         |--+--Cyathaspidiformes E84
         |  `--+--Pteraspidiformes E84
         |     `--Psammosteiformes E84
         `--Phialaspidiformes H93
              |--Phialaspis [Phialaspididae] H93
              |    `--P. symondsi (Lankester 1866) H93
              |--Traquairaspididae [Traquairaspidiformes] E84
              |    |--Yukonaspis H73
              |    `--Traquairaspis H93
              |         |--T. campbelli (Traquair 1913) [incl. Phialaspis pococki var. cowiensis White 1946] H93
              |         `--T. pococki (White 1946) H93
              |--Weigeltaspis [Weigeltaspididae] H93
              |    |--W. alta Brotzen 1933 H93
              |    |--W. brotzeni Halstead Tarlo 1965 H93
              |    |--W. godmani Halstead Tarlo 1965 H93
              |    `--W. heintzi Halstead Tarlo 1965 H93
              `--Natlaspididae H93
                   |--Natlaspis H93
                   |    |--N. adunata Dineley & Loeffler 1976 H93
                   |    `--N. planicosta Dineley & Loeffler 1976 H93
                   `--Lankesteraspis H93
                        |--L. lemniscata (Dineley & Loeffler 1976) H93
                        |--L. mackenziensis (Dineley & Loeffler 1976 H93
                        `--L. poolei (Dineley & Loeffler 1976) H93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BMM02] Blom, H., T. Märss & C. G. Miller. 2002. Silurian and earliest Devonian birkeniid anaspids from the Northern Hemisphere. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 92: 263–323.

[B96] Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes 2^nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth.

[E84] Elliott, D. K. 1984. A new subfamily of the Pteraspididae (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian of Arctic Canada. Palaeontology 27: 169–197.

[H73] Halstead, L. B. 1973. The heterostracan fishes. Biological Reviews 48: 279–332.

[H93] Halstead, L. B. 1993. Agnatha. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 573–581. Chapman & Hall: London.

[MG01] Märss, T., & P.-Y. Gagnier. 2001. A new chondrichthyan from the Wenlock, Lower Silurian, of Baillie-Hamilton Island, the Canadian Arctic. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21 (4): 693–701.

[MS16] McCoy, V. E., E. E. Saupe, J. C. Lamsdell, L. G. Tarhan, S. McMahon, S. Lidgard, P. Mayer, C. D. Whalen, C. Soriano, L. Finney, S. Vogt, E. G. Clark, R. P. Anderson, H. Petermann, E. R. Locatelli & D. E. G. Briggs. 2016. The 'Tully monster' is a vertebrate. Nature 532: 496–499.

[SS05] Sansom, I. J., & M. P. Smith. 2005. Late Ordovician vertebrates from the Bighorn Mountains of Wyoming, USA. Palaeontology 48 (1): 31–48.

[SM01] Soehn, K. L., T. Märss, M. W. Caldwell & M. V. H. Wilson. 2001. New and biostratigraphically useful thelodonts from the Silurian of the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21: 651–659.

[TBN04] Turner, S., A. Blieck & G. S. Nowlan. 2004. Vertebrates (agnathans and gnathostomes). In: Webby, B. D., F. Paris, M. L. Droser & I. G. Percival (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event pp. 327–335. Columbia University Press.