Leuciscinae

Fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, copyright Rankin1958.

Belongs within: Cypriniformes.
Contains: Rhinichthys, Nocomis, Gila, Luxilus, Phoxinus, Notropis, Rasborinae.

The Leuciscinae, minnows, are a widespread group of long-bodied cyprinids with barbels and a maxillary foramen absent, and pharyngeal tooth usually in two rows.

<==Leuciscinae
    |--+--Hesperoleucus symmetricus AS09
    |  `--Lavinia exilicauda AS09
    `--+--Rasborinae AS09
       `--Pimephales AS09
            |--P. notatus B96
            |--P. promelas B96
            |--P. tenellus SBW95
            `--P. vigilax SBW95
                 |--P. v. vigilax SBW95
                 `--P. v. perspicus SBW95

Leuciscinae incertae sedis:
  Blicca B96
    |--B. bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    `--B. croydonensis White 1931 P93
  Elopichthys bambusa B96
  Couesius B96
  Dionda episcopa B96, D81
    |--D. e. episcopa D81
    `--D. e. plunctifer D81
  Pogonichthys macrolepidotus B96, LG80
  Richardsonius balteatus B96
  Mylopharodon M86
  Hypophthalmichthys B96
    |--H. molitrix KA01
    `--H. nobilis B96
  Erimystax B96
    |--E. dissimilis SBW95
    `--E. x-punctatus SBW95
  Tribolodon B96
    |--T. brandti T90
    |--T. ezoe T90
    `--T. hakonensis T90
  Ptychocheilus B96
    |--P. oregonensis B96
    `--+--P. umpquae B96
       `--+--P. grandis B96
          `--P. lucius B96
  Campostoma B96
    |--C. anomalum B96
    |    |--C. a. anomalum SBW95
    |    `--C. a. pullman SBW95
    `--C. oligolepis [=C. anomalum oligolepis] SBW95
  Cyprinella B96
    |--C. analostana SBW95
    |--C. chloristia [=C. analostana chloristius] SBW95
    |--C. galactura (Cope 1868) OE97
    |--C. spiloptera (Cope 1868) OE97 (see below for synonymy)
    `--C. whipplei SBW95
  Phenacobius B96
    |--P. catostomus SBW95
    |--P. crassilabrum SBW95
    |--P. mirabilis SBW95
    |--P. teretulus SBW95
    `--P. uranops SBW95
  Rutilus Rafinesque 1820 B96, RA05
    |--R. caspicus CS77
    |--R. frisii CS77
    |    |--R. f. frisii CS77
    |    `--R. f. kutum CS77
    |--R. pigus (Lacepède 1803) SE08
    `--R. rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
  Abramis B96
    |--A. abramis KA01
    |--A. ballerus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    |--A. brama (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    |--A. crysoleucus F15
    |--A. sapa (Pallas 1814) SE08
    `--A. vimba D56
  Leuciscus SE08
    |--L. cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    |--L. idus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    |--L. leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) SE08
    |--L. peloponnensis KKV03
    |--L. rutilus [incl. L. rutilus var. wobla] C01
    `--L. souffia Risso 1827 SE08
  Rhinichthys B96
  Lythrurus R84
    |  i. s.: L. ardens [incl. Notropis ardens fasciolaris; incl. N. ardens matutinus] SBW95
    |--L. umbratilis [=Notropis (Lythrurus) umbratilis] R84
    |    |--L. u. umbratilis SBW95
    |    `--L. u. cyanocephalus [=Notropis umbratilis cyanocephalus] SBW95
    `--+--L. atrapiculus [=Notropis (Lythrurus) atrapiculus] R84
       |--L. bellus [=Notropis (Lythrurus) bellus] R84
       |    |--L. b. bellus R84
       |    `--L. b. alegnotus [=Notropis (Lythrurus) bellus alegnotus] R84
       `--L. roseipinnis [=Notropis (Lythrurus) roseipinnis] R84
  Nocomis B96
  Gila B96
  Luxilus B96
  Phoxinus B96
  Notropis B96

Cyprinella spiloptera (Cope 1868) OE97 [=Notropis spilopterus SBW95; incl. C. spiloptera hypsisomata SBW95, N. spilopterus hypsisomatus SBW95]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Bond, C. E. 1996. Biology of Fishes 2^nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth.

[CS77] Cramp, S., & K. E. L. Simmons (eds) 1977. Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palaearctic vol. 1. Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford University Press: Oxford.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Utivázlat [Reiseskizze]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. xii–xli. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[D56] Dawes, B. 1956. The Trematoda with special reference to British and other European forms. University Press: Cambridge.

[D81] Day, D. 1981. The Doomsday Book of Animals: A unique natural history of three hundred vanished species. Ebury Press: London.

[F15] Fowler, H. W. 1915. Cold-blooded vertebrates from Florida, the West Indies, Costa Rica, and eastern Brazil. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 67 (2): 244–269.

[KA01] Kent, M. L., K. B. Andree, J. L. Bartholomew, M. El-Matbouli, S. S. Desser, R. H. Devlin, S. W. Feist, R. P. Hedrick, R. W. Hoffmann, J. Khattra, S. L. Hallett, R. J. G. Lester, M. Longshaw, O. Palenzuela, M. E. Siddall & C. Xiao. 2001. Recent advances in our knowledge of the Myxozoa. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 48: 395–413.

[KKV03] Kontula, T., S. V. Kirilchik & R. Väinölä. 2003. Endemic diversification of the monophyletic cottoid fish species flock in Lake Baikal explored with mtDNA sequencing. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 27: 143–155.

[LG80] Loudenslager, E. J., & G. A. E. Gall. 1980. Geographic patterns of protein variation and subspeciation in cutthroat trout, Salmo clarki. Systematic Zoology 29 (1): 27–42.

[M86] Mayden, R. L. 1986. Speciose and depauperate phylads and tests of punctuated and gradual evolution: fact or artifact? Systematic Zoology 35 (4): 591–602.

[OE97] Obermeyer, B. K., D. R. Edds, C. W. Prophet & E. J. Miller. 1997. Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Verdigris, Neosho, and Spring River basins of Kansas and Missouri, with emphasis on species of concern. American Malacological Bulletin 14 (1): 41–55.

[P93] Patterson, C. 1993. Osteichthyes: Teleostei. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 621–656. Chapman & Hall: London.

[RA05] Robalo, J. I., V. C. Almada, C. Sousa Santos, M. I. Moreira & I. Doadrio. 2005. New species of the genus Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832 (Actynopterigii, Cyprinidae) from western Portugal. Graellsia 61 (1): 19–29.

[R84] Rogers, J. S. 1984. Deriving phylogenetic trees from allele frequencies. Systematic Zoology 33 (1): 52–63.

[SE08] Sevcsik, A., & T. Erös. 2008. A revised catalogue of freshwater fishes of Hungary and the neighbouring countries in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Pisces). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 100: 331–383.

[SBW95] Stauffer, J. R., Jr, J. M. Boltz & L. R. White. 1995. The fishes of West Virginia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 146: 1–389.

[T90] Taguchi, S. 1990. Nihon no Sakana. Kogakukan: Tokyo.