Trigonidium

Unidentified Trigonidium, copyright Muhammad Mahdi Karim.

Belongs within: Grylloidea.

Trigonidium is a widespread genus of sword-tailed crickets in Asia and the Pacific, with the highest diversity currently recognised from the Hawaiian Islands.

Characters (from Otte 1994): Body colour often spotted or variegated, often with dark spots and markings on head, pronotum, forewings and abdomen; basal body colour usually pale brown, sometimes reddish or greenish, rarely blackish; fore and mid-legs usually banded, rarely unbanded, sometimes blackish; male genitalia wide with long narrow prongs; songs usually consisting of rapid trills, rarely slower.

<==Trigonidium R96
    |  i. s.: *T. cicindeloides Rambur 1838 O94
    |         T. australis MC13
    |         T. canberrae R96
    |         T. meekappa MC13
    |--+--T. sylvaticum Otte 1994 [=T. sylvatica (l. c.)] O94
    |  |--+--T. akaka Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |--T. hamakua Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  `--T. kalopa Otte 1994 O94
    |  |--+--+--T. holomua Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  `--T. makani Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  `--+--T. aka Otte 1994 O94
    |  |     |--T. halulu Otte 1994 O94
    |  |     `--T. kulana Otte 1994 O94
    |  |--+--+--T. kapipi Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  `--T. malanai Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |--+--T. excultatum Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  |--T. improbum Otte 1994 [=T. improba (l. c.)] O94
    |  |  |  `--T. incongruum Otte 1994 [=T. incongrua (l. c.)] O94
    |  |  `--+--T. exuberans Otte 1994 O94
    |  |     |--T. roseum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium roseum, T. rosea (l. c.)] O94
    |  |     `--T. wahoi Otte 1994 O94
    |  |--+--T. kau Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |--+--T. hoku Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  `--T. neovarians Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |--+--T. hyperkona Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  |--T. kahua Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  |  `--T. makapala Otte 1994 O94
    |  |  `--+--T. kohala Otte 1994 O94
    |  |     |--T. nani Otte 1994 O94
    |  |     `--T. pavidum Otte 1994 O94
    |  `--+--+--T. ookala Otte 1994 O94
    |     |  `--T. pololu Otte 1994 O94
    |     |--+--T. awiwi Otte 1994 O94
    |     |  |--T. kolekole Otte 1994 O94
    |     |  `--T. ola Otte 1994 O94
    |     `--+--T. filicum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium filicum] O94
    |        |--T. fritinnium Otte 1994 O94
    |        |--T. grande (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium grande] O94
    |        |--T. kona Otte 1994 O94
    |        |--T. mahina Otte 1994 O94
    |        |--T. mauka Otte 1994 O94
    |        |--T. neogrande Otte 1994 O94
    |        |--T. varians (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium varians] O94
    |        |--T. viridiscens (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium viridescens] O94
    |        `--T. waimea Otte 1994 O94
    `--+--+--T. octonalis Otte 1994 O94
       |  |--+--T. flectens Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  `--T. robustum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium robustum, T. robusta (l. c.)] O94
       |  |--+--T. septimum Otte 1994 [=T. septima (l. c.)] O94
       |  |  `--T. sextum Otte 1994 [=T. sexta (l. c.)] O94
       |  |--+--T. acuste Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  |--T. crepitans (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium crepitans] O94
       |  |  `--T. pahiwa Otte 1994 O94
       |  |--+--T. hopo Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  |--T. novagintum Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  `--T. olomea Otte 1994 O94
       |  |--+--T. huapala Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  |--T. makau Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  `--T. malela Otte 1994 O94
       |  |--+--T. anoe Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  |--T. haupu Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  |--T. pseudonoe Otte 1994 O94
       |  |  `--T. triens Otte 1994 O94
       |  |--+--T. attenuatum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium attenuatum, T. attenuata (l. c.)] O94
       |  |  |--T. crustum Otte 1994 [=T. crusta (l. c.)] O94
       |  |  |--T. octavum Otte 1994 [=T. octava (l. c.)] O94
       |  |  `--T. procrustum Otte 1994 [=T. procrusta (l. c.)] O94
       |  `--+--T. novena Otte 1994 O94
       |     |--T. paranoe Otte 1994 O94
       |     |--T. paroctonalis Otte 1994 O94
       |     `--T. virens Otte 1994 O94
       `--+--+--T. atroferrugineum (Brunner 1895) [=Paratrigonidium atroferrugineum] O94
          |  |--T. puiwa Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. awawa Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  |--T. ua Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. wai Otte 1994 O94
          |  `--+--T. kupono Otte 1994 O94
          |     |--T. molokaiense (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium molokaiense] O94
          |     `--T. pipili Otte 1994 O94
          |--+--+--T. ilex Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. pudicum Otte 1994 [=T. pudica (l. c.)] O94
          |  |--+--T. kaeka Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. wiki Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. ahiu Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  |--T. imitans Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. nele Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. freycinetiae (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium freycinetiae] O94
          |  |  |--T. hapapa Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. saltator (Perkins 1994) [=Paratrigonidium saltator] O94
          |  `--+--T. iuka Otte 1994 O94
          |     |--T. lena Otte 1994 O94
          |     `--T. paranoho Otte 1994 O94
          |--+--+--T. exiguum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium exiguum] O94
          |  |  `--T. haawina Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. hehelo Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. liula Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. ignavum Otte 1994 [=T. ignava (l. c.)] O94
          |  |  `--T. languidum Otte 1994 [=T. languida (l. c.)] O94
          |  |--+--T. subroseum (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium subroseum] O94
          |  |  `--T. venatum Otte 1994 [=T. venata (l. c.)] O94
          |  |--+--T. fortuitum Otte 1994 [=T. fortuita (l. c.)] O94
          |  |  |--T. paraspilos Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. pseudoli Otte 1994 O94
          |  |--+--T. laupele Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  |--T. makanina Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  |--T. puukani Otte 1994 O94
          |  |  `--T. sibilans Otte 1994 O94
          |  `--+--T. debile (Perkins 1899) [=Paratrigonidium debile] O94
          |     |--T. ligna Otte 1994 O94
          |     |--T. ohaka Otte 1994 O94
          |     |--T. palai Otte 1994 O94
          |     `--T. spilos Otte 1994 O94
          `--+--T. waikua Otte 1994 O94
             |--+--T. eumeles Otte 1994 O94
             |  `--T. ulaino Otte 1994 O94
             |--+--T. hoahoa Otte 1994 O94
             |  |--T. proalina Otte 1994 O94
             |  `--T. waialina Otte 1994 O94
             |--+--T. hamumu Otte 1994 O94
             |  |--T. kupinai Otte 1994 O94
             |  |--T. paramana Otte 1994 O94
             |  `--T. silvicola Otte 1994 O94
             |--+--T. iao Otte 1994 [=T. rufa Otte 1994 (n. n.)] O94
             |  |--T. kukui Otte 1994 O94
             |  |--T. mauiensis Otte 1994 O94
             |  |--T. neokukui Otte 1994 O94
             |  `--T. promana Otte 1994 O94
             `--+--T. alina Otte 1994
                |--T. kewai Otte 1994 O94
                |--T. kolea Otte 1994 O94
                |--T. kua Otte 1994 O94
                |--T. mana Otte 1994 O94
                |--T. pseudokua Otte 1994 O94
                `--T. waipuna Otte 1994 O94

Nomina nuda: Trigonidium halulu Otte 1994 O94
             Trigonidium infrequens Otte 1994 O94
             Trigonidium kokio Otte 1994 O94
             Trigonidium koolignava Otte 1994 O94
             Trigonidium kuikawa Otte 1994 O94
             Trigonidium welau Otte 1994 O94

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[O94] Otte, D. 1994. The Crickets of Hawaii: origin, systematics and evolution. The Orthopterists' Society: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

[R96] Rentz, D. 1996. Grasshopper Country: The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney