Belongs within: Agaricales.
Contains: Tricholoma, Mycenaceae.
The Tricholomataceae is a family of ectomycorrhizal mushroom-producing fungi, found in coniferous and broadleaved forests. Members of this group include the white rot-producing honey fungus Armillaria, an individual of which in Oregon has been described as the world's largest known organism.
Characters (from Cannon & Kirk 2007): Basidiomata pileate and stipitate, usually large and sturdy, the cap viscid or not, glabrous to fibrillose or scaly, the stipe central, fleshy or fibrillose, veil absent (rarely with a web-like partial veil), often with a fleshy annular ring. Hyphal system monomitic, hyphae often with pigment-encrusted walls, not staining in iodine, clamp connections present or absent, cystidia usually absent. Hymenium lamellate, the gills pale, often sinuate. Basidia small, clavate, with 2 or 4 sterigmata. Basidiospores generally small, variously shaped (globose, ellipsoidal, fusiform or angular), hyaline or creamish, thin-walled, smooth, germ pore absent, very rarely staining in iodine.
<==Tricholomataceae
| i. s.: Ampulloclitocybe clavipes JK06
| Henningsomyces candidus JK06
|--+--Tricholoma BH05
| `--Leucopaxillus albissimus LK04
`--+--+--+--Lyophyllum BH05
| | | |--L. decastes BH05
| | | `--L. semitale Y03
| | `--+--Podabrella microcarpus BH05
| | `--Termitomyces BH05
| | |--T. cylindricus BH05
| | `--T. heimii BH05
| `--+--Fistulina BH05
| | |--F. antarctica BH05
| | `--+--F. hepatica BH05
| | `--+--F. pallida BH05
| | `--Porodisculus pendulus BH05
| `--+--+--Auriculariopsis ampla BH05
| | `--Schizophyllaceae LM87
| | |--Schizophyllum commune BH05
| | `--Stromatoscypha LM87
| `--+--Lachnella villosa BH05
| `--+--Dendrothele BH05
| | |--D. acerina BH05
| | `--D. griseo-cana BH05
| `--+--Flagelloscypha minutissima BH05
| `--+--+--Merismodes fascicularis BH05
| | `--Cyphellopsis anomala BH05
| `--+--+--Calathella mangrovei BH05
| | `--Favolaschia intermedia BH05
| `--+--Nia vibrissa BH05
| `--Halocyphina villosa BH05
`--+--+--Dendrocollybia racemosa BH05
| |--Hypsizygus ulmarius BH05
| `--Clitocybe BH05
| |--C. connata BH05
| |--C. gibba RG97
| |--C. ramigena BH05
| `--C. tabescens C74
`--+--+--+--‘Panellus’ serotinus BH05
| | `--Mycenaceae BH05
| `--+--Pleurocybella porrigens BH05
| `--+--Phyllotopsis nidulans BH05
| `--+--Bulbillomyces farinosus [anam. Aegerita candida] BH05
| `--+--Typhula phacorhiza BH05
| `--Macrotyphula juncea BH05
`--+--Xeromphalina BH05
| |--X. campanella RG97
| `--X. cauticinalis BH05
`--+--+--Pleurotopsis longinqua BH05
| `--Panellus ringens BH05
`--+--+--Gloeostereae BH05
| | |--Chondrostereum purpureum BH05
| | |--Gloeostereum incarnatum BH05
| | |--Cystostereum murraii BH05
| | `--Cheimonophyllum candidissimum BH05
| `--+--Hydroporus scabripes BH05
| `--Baeospora BH05
| |--B. myosura BH05
| `--B. myriadophylla BH05
`--+--+--+--Campanella BH05
| | | |--C. junghuhnii BH05
| | | `--C. subdendrophora BH05
| | `--+--Rectipilus fasciculatus BH05
| | `--Gerronema BH05
| | |--G. strombodes BH05
| | `--G. subclavatum BH05
| `--+--+--Neonothopanus nambi BH05
| | `--Omphalotus nidiformis BH05
| `--+--+--Nothopanus eugrammus HB02
| | `--Lampteromyces japonicus BH05
| `--+--Micromphale perforans BH05
| `--+--‘Marasmius’ alliaceus BH05
| `--+--+--Rhodocollybia maculata BH05
| | `--Marasmiellus ramealis BH05
| `--+--Lentinula BH05
| | |--L. edodes BH05
| | `--L. lateritia BH05
| `--Collybia BH05
| |--C. dryophila BH05
| |--C. laccata J87
| |--C. polyphylla BH05
| `--C. tuberosa JK06
`--+--+--Armillariella ostoyae BH05
| `--Armillaria BH05
| |--A. bulbosa PHK96
| |--A. gallica LK04
| |--A. mellea JK06
| |--A. ostoyae C96
| `--A. tabescens BH05
`--+--+--Oudemansiella mucida BH05
| `--Xerula BH05
| |--X. furfuracea BH05
| `--X. megalospora BH05
`--+--+--Strobilurus trullisatus BH05
| `--+--Cyptotrama asprata BH05
| `--+--Rhizomarasmius pyrrhocephalus BH05
| `--Gloiocephala BH05
| |--G. aquatica BH05
| `--G. menieri BH05
`--+--Flammulina velutipes BH05
`--+--Rhodotus palmatus BH05
`--+--Cylindrobasidium BH05
| |--C. evolvens HB02
| `--C. laeve BH05
`--Physalacria BH05
|--P. bambusae BH05
|--P. brasiliensis PB03
`--P. maipoensis BH05
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[BH05] Binder, M., D. S. Hibbett, K.-H. Larsson, E. Larsson, E. Langer & G. Langer. 2005. The phylogenetic distribution of resupinate forms across the major clades of mushroom-forming fungi (Homobasidiomycetes). Systematics and Biodiversity 3 (2): 113–157.
[C96] Campbell, N. A. 1996. Biology 4th ed. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.: Menlo Park (California).
Cannon, P. F., & P. M. Kirk. 2007. Fungal Families of the World. CABI.
[C74] Crowder, J. P. 1974. Exotic Plant Pests of South Florida. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife (USA).
[HB02] Hibbett, D. S., & M. Binder. 2002. Evolution of complex fruiting-body morphologies in homobasidiomycetes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 269: 1963–1969.
[JK06] James, T. Y., F. Kauff, C. L. Schoch, P. B. Matheny, V. Hofstetter, C. J. Cox, G. Celio, C. Gueidan, E. Fraker, J. Miadlikowska, H. T. Lumbsch, A. Rauhut, V. Reeb, A. E. Arnold, A. Amtoft, J. E. Stajich, K. Hosaka, G.-H. Sung, D. Johnson, B. O'Rourke, M. Crockett, M. Binder, J. M. Curtis, J. C. Slot, Z. Wang, A. W. Wilson, A. Schüßler, J. E. Longcore, K. O'Donnell, S. Mozley-Standridge, D. Porter, P. M. Letcher, M. J. Powell, J. W. Taylor, M. M. White, G. W. Griffith, D. R. Davies, R. A. Humber, J. B. Morton, J. Sugiyama, A. Y. Rossman, J. D. Rogers, D. H. Pfister, D. Hewitt, K. Hansen, S. Hambleton, R. A. Shoemaker, J. Kohlmeyer, B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, R. A. Spotts, M. Serdani, P. W. Crous, K. W. Hughes, K. Matsuura, E. Langer, G. Langer, W. A. Untereiner, R. Lücking, B. Büdel, D. M. Geiser, A. Aptroot, P. Diederich, I. Schmitt, M. Schultz, R. Yahr, D. S. Hibbett, F. Lutzoni, D. J. McLaughlin, J. W. Spatafora & R. Vilgalys. 2006. Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny. Nature 443: 818–822.
[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.
[LM87] Lawrence, J. F., B. P. Moore, J. E. Pyke & T. A. Weir. 1987. Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 4. Coleoptera: Archostemata, Myxophaga and Adephaga. Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.
[LK04] Lutzoni, F., F. Kauff, C. J. Cox, D. McLaughlin, G. Celio, B. Dentinger, M. Padamsee, D. Hibbett, T. Y. James, E. Baloch, M. Grube, V. Reeb, V. Hofstetter, C. Schoch, A. E. Arnold, J. Miadlikowska, J. Spatafora, D. Johnson, S. Hambleton, M. Crockett, R. Shoemaker, G.-H. Sung, R. Lücking, T. Lumbsch, K. O'Donnell, M. Binder, P. Diederich, D. Ertz, C. Gueidan, K. Hansen, R. C. Harris, K. Hosaka, Y.-W. Lim, B. Matheny, H. Nishida, D. Pfister, J. Rogers, A. Rossman, I. Schmitt, H. Sipman, J. Stone, J. Sugiyama, R. Yahr & R. Vilgalys. 2004. Assembling the fungal tree of life: progress, classification, and evolution of subcellular traits. American Journal of Botany 91 (10): 1446–1480.
[PB03] Poinar, G. O., Jr & A. E. Brown. 2003. A non-gilled hymenomycete in Cretaceous amber. Mycological Research 107 (6): 763–768.
[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology 3rd ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).
[RG97] Rodríguez Gallart, C. A. 1997. Estudios en los micromicetos de la Republica Dominicana, III. Moscosoa 9: 145–153.
[Y03] Yamanaka, T. 2003. The effect of pH on the growth of saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal ammonia fungi in vitro. Mycologia 95 (4): 584–589.
Last updated: 15 March 2018.
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