Eremaeoidea

Eremaeus cordiformis, from Seniczak et al. (2013).

Belongs within: Brachypylina.
Contains: Eueremaeus.

The Eremaeoidea are a group of oribatid mites characterised by the presence in nymphs of an apodemato-acetabular tracheal system. The largest family within the Eremaeoidea is the Eremaeidae, members of of which often exhibit anal neotrichy with up to nine pairs of anal setae (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). The genus Proteremaeus is exceptional in only having two pairs of anal setae, together with three pairs of adanal setae. Members of the European genus Tricheremaeus also have a higher number of setae on the notogaster than other species (more than eleven pairs), with the setae being particularly long.

Characters (from Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009): Adult prodorsum usually with costulae. Genal notch absent. Dorsophragmata and pleurophragmata absent. Pedotecta I–II present; discidium and circumpedal carina absent. Notogastral setation 7–11 pairs, or neotrichous. Notogastral cerotegument usually with large tubercles (globules). Palpal eupathidium acm separate from recumbent solenidion. Axillary saccule of the subcapitulum occasionally present. Epimere II with 1–3 pairs of setae. Anal and/or adanal neotrichy present or absent. Tarsi I–IV ofen with porose areas present ventrally; tarsus I with 2–3 solenidia; legs IV may be modified for jumping. Larva unideficient. Nymphs with platytracheae or brachytracheae; eupheredermous; opisthonotal setation quadrideficient, quinquedeficient, or neotrichous. Preanal organ hollowed as caecum.

Eremaeoidea S04
    |--Aribates Aoki, Takaku & Ito 1994 [Aribatidae] S04
    |    `--*A. javensis Aoki, Takaku & Ito 1994 S04
    |--Megeremaeus Higgins & Woolley 1965 [Megeremaeidae] S04
    |    |--*M. montanus Higgins & Woolley 1965 S04
    |    |--M. ditrichosus Woolley & Higgins 1968 S04
    |    |--M. expansus Aoki & Fujikawa 1971 S04
    |    |--M. hylaius Behan-Pelletier 1990 S04
    |    |--M. keewatin Behan-Pelletier 1990 S04
    |    |--M. kootenai Behan-Pelletier 1990 S04
    |    |--M. rameus Wen & Zhao 1993 S04
    |    `--M. spinosus Aoki & Yamamoto 2000 S04
    |--Niphocepheus Balogh 1943 S04 [Niphocepheidae SK10, Niphocepheoidea]
    |    |--*N. nivalis (Schweizer 1922) [=Cepheus nivalis] S04
    |    |    |--N. n. nivalis S04
    |    |    |--N. n. baloghi Travé 1959 S04
    |    |    |--N. n. delamarei Travé 1959 S04
    |    |    `--N. n. grandjeani Travé 1959 S04
    |    |--N. aborigensis Behan-Pelletier 1982 S04
    |    |--N. guadarramicus Subías 1977 S04
    |    `--N. travei Bulanova-Zavchvatkina 1967 S04
    |--Arceremaeidae NB-P09
    |    |--Arceremaeus Hammer 1961 S04
    |    |    |--*A. incaensis Hammer 1961 S04
    |    |    |--A. cubanus Balogh & Mahunka 1980 S04
    |    |    `--A. jimenezi Calugar & Vasiliu 1977 S04
    |    `--Tecteremaeus Hammer 1961 S04
    |         |--*T. cornutus Hammer 1961 S04
    |         |--T. anoporosus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
    |         |--T. bogorensis Hammer 1979 S04
    |         |--T. cachoeirensis Franklin & Woas 1992 S04
    |         |--T. cristatus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
    |         |--T. hauseri Mahunka 1982 S04
    |         `--T. incompletus Mahunka 1988 S04
    `--Eremaeidae [Eremaeinae] DW10
         |--+--Asperemaeus Behan-Pelletier 1982 B-P93
         |  |    `--*A. longipilus Behan-Pelletier 1982 B-P93
         |  `--+--Eueremaeus B-P93
         |     `--Proteremaeus Piffl 1965 B-P93 [incl. Sibiremaeus Rjabinin & Krivolutsky 1975 S04]
         |          |--*P. jonasi Piffl 1965 B-P93
         |          |--P. angarensis (Rjabinin & Krivolutsky 1975) [=Sibiremaeus angarensis] S04
         |          |--P. chadaevae Golosova 1983 S04
         |          |--P. elongatus (Rjabinin & Krivolutsky 1975) S04 [=*Sibiremaeus elongatus B-PR91]
         |          |--P. lawariensis Hammer 1977 S04
         |          |--P. macleani Behan-Pelletier 1982 S04
         |          |--P. mongolicus (Golosova 1983) [=Sibiremaeus mongolicus] S04
         |          |--P. nebaikini Behan-Pelletier & Ryabinin 1991 S04
         |          `--P. punctulatus Bayartogtokh 2000 S04
         `--+--Tricheremaeus Berlese 1908 B-P93
            |    |--*T. serratus (Michael 1885) B-P93 [=Notaspis serrata B-P93, Eremaeus serratus M98]
            |    |--T. abnobensis Miko & Weigmann 2006 MW07
            |    |--T. conspicuus Berlese 1916 MW07
            |    |--T. grandjeani Bernini 1970 MW07
            |    |--T. nemossensis Grandjean 1963 MW07
            |    `--T. travei Miko 1993 MW07
            `--+--Carinabella Hammer 1977 B-P93
               |    |--*C. puchra Hammer 1977 B-P93
               |    `--C. tuberculata Bayoumi & Mahunka 1979 S04
               `--Eremaeus Koch 1835 B-P93
                    |--*E. hepaticus Koch 1835 B-P93 (see below for synonymy)
                    |--E. appalachicus Bahen-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. boreomontanus Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. brevitarsus (Ewing 1917) [=Damaeus brevitarsus] B-P93
                    |--E. californiensis Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. cordiformis Grandjean 1934 B-P93
                    |--E. denaius Woolley 1971 P92
                    |--E. gracilis Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. grandis Hammer 1952 B-P93
                    |--E. insertus Grishina 1980 S04
                    |--E. kananaskis Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. kevani Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. longiseta Djaparidze 1990 S04
                    |--E. megistos Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. monticolus Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. neonominatus Subías 2004 [=E. borealis Wen 1988 non E. oblongus borealis Strenzke 1952] S04
                    |--E. nortoni Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. occidentalis Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. oresbios Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. orientalis Golosova 1970 S04
                    |--E. plumosus Woolley 1964 B-P93
                    |--E. porosus Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. roissi Piffl 1996 S04
                    |--E. salish Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93
                    |--E. tenuisetiger Aoki 1970 S04
                    |--E. translamellatus Hammer 1952 B-P93 [incl. E. oblongus borealis Strenzke 1952 S04]
                    |--E. tuberosus Gordeeva 1970 S04
                    `--E. walteri Behan-Pelletier 1993 B-P93

*Eremaeus hepaticus Koch 1835 B-P93 [=Notaspis hepatica M98; incl. E. hepaticus acruciata Mihelčič 1952 S04, N. dentilamellatus Storkán 1925 S04, E. magnus Mihelčič 1957 S04, E. ovalis Mihelčič 1955 non Koch 1841 S04, E. setiger Mihelčič 1957 S04]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B-P93] Behan-Pelletier, V. M. 1993. Eremaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) of North America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 168: 1–193.

[B-PR91] Behan-Pelletier, V. M., & N. A. Ryabinin. 1991. Taxonomy and biogeography of Proteremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Eremaeidae). Canadian Entomologist 123: 559–565.

[DW10] Dabert, M., W. Witalinski, A. Kazmierski, Z. Olszanowski & J. Dabert. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of acariform mites (Acari, Arachnida): strong conflict between phylogenetic signal and long-branch attraction artifacts. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56 (1): 222–241.

[M98] Michael, A. D. 1898. Oribatidae. In: H. Lohmann (ed.) Das Tierreich. Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen vol. 3. Acarina pp. 1–93. R. Friedländer und Sohn: Berlin.

[MW07] Miko, L., & G. Weigmann. 2007. Tricheremaeus abnobensis Miko & Weigmann 2006, a recently described oribatid mite from central Europe (Arachnida, Acarina, Oribatida, Eremaeidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (2): 131–134.

[NB-P09] Norton, R. A., & V. M. Behan-Pelletier. 2009. Suborder Oribatida. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 430–564. Texas Tech University Press.

[P92] Poinar, G. O., Jr. 1992. Life in Amber. Stanford University Press: Stanford.

[SK10] Schäffer, S., S. Koblmüller, T. Pfingstl, C. Sturmbauer & G. Krisper. 2010. Ancestral state reconstruction reveals multiple independent evolution of diagnostic morphological characters in the "Higher Oribatida" (Acari), conflicting with current classification. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 246.

[S04] Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758–2002). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305.