Chloephorinae

Egyptian bollworm Earias insulana, copyright Gailhampshire.

Belongs within: Noctuoidea.

The Chloephorinae are a group of moths found predominantly in the Old World tropics.

Characters (from Nielsen & Common 1991): Relatively long upturned labial palps; smooth fore wing with bar-shaped retinaculum in male or retinaculum absent; larva with four pairs of ventral prolegs and only primary setae; pupa without cremaster, in boat-shaped cocoon with vertical exit slit.

<==Chloephorinae [Ariolicini, Sarothripidae] NC91
    |--+--Blenina [Bleninae] ZK11
    |  |    |--B. effusa Swinhoe 1901 S01
    |  |    `--B. octo ZK11
    |  `--Sarrothripini [Sarrothripinae] ZK11
    |       |--Nanaguna breviuscula NC91
    |       |--Calathusa NC91
    |       |--Sarothripa S01
    |       |    |--S. chlorana S01
    |       |    |--S. morena Swinhoe 1901 S01
    |       |    `--S. undulata F92
    |       |--Nycteola ZK11
    |       |    |--N. degenerana ZK11
    |       |    `--N. revayana (Scopoli 1772) JP05
    |       `--Giaura robusta ZK11
    `--+--+--Earias [Eariadinae] ZK11
       |  |    |--E. chlorodes MC13
       |  |    |--E. clorana ZK11
       |  |    |--E. cupreoviridis VHK02
       |  |    |--E. fabia VHK02
       |  |    |--E. huegeli B88
       |  |    |--E. insulana VHK02
       |  |    |--E. parallela B88
       |  |    |--E. perhuegeli NC91
       |  |    `--E. vittella NC91
       |  `--Paracrama dulcissima ZK11
       `--+--Pseudoips [Chloephorini] ZK11
          |    |--P. fagana DS73
          |    |    |--P. f. fagana DS73
          |    |    `--P. f. britannica DS73
          |    |--P. hongrica DS73
          |    `--P. prasinana ZK11
          `--Ariolica argentea ZK11

Chloephorinae incertae sedis:
  Armactica columbina MC13
  Aiteta iridias NC91
  Gadirtha S01
    |--G. cristata Druce 1901 D01
    |--G. sara Swinhoe 1901 S01
    `--G. similis Druce 1901 D01
  Clettharra S01
    |--C. albonotata S01
    |--C. floccifera Hmpsn. 1894 S01
    |--C. iphida Swinhoe 1901 S01
    `--C. valida S01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[DS73] Dickens, M., & E. Storey. 1973. The World of Moths. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.: New York.

[D01] Druce, H. 1901. Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 74–79.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[JP05] Jungmann, E., & U. Poller. 2005. Neunachweise und Wiederfunde für die Schmetterlingsfauna (Insecta; Lepidoptera) des Altenburger Landes. Mauritiana 19 (2): 317–326.

[MC13] Majer, J. D., S. K. Callan, K. Edwards, N. R. Gunawardene & C. K. Taylor. 2013. Baseline survey of the terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Barrow Island. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 13–112.

[NC91] Nielsen, E. S., & I. F. B. Common. 1991. Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 817–915. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[S01] Swinhoe, C. 1901. New genera and species of eastern and Australian moths (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 489–501.

[VHK02] Verma, M., M. Hayat & S. I. Kazmi. 2002. The species of Elasmus from India (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae). Oriental Insects 36: 245–306.

[ZK11] Zahiri, R., I. J. Kitching, J. D. Lafontaine, M. Mutanen, L. Kaila, J. D. Holloway & N. Wahlberg. 2011. A new molecular phylogeny offers hope for a stable family level classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera). Zoologica Scripta 40 (2): 158–173.