Hadrinae

Rhagada convicta, copyright G. & Ph. Poppe.


Belongs within: Helicoidei.

The Hadrinae are a group of land snails found in Australia and southeast Asia united by molecular analysis. Members of this clade either lack a head wart or have the head wart (positioned between and just behind the ommatophores) exposed and not eversible (Solem 1997).

<==Hadrinae [Hadridae, Sinumeloninae] BR17
    |--Micromelon Solem 1992 S97
    |--Lacustrelix Iredale 1937 S97
    |--Basedowena Iredale 1937 S97
    |--Tatemelon Solem 1993 S97
    |--Eximiorhagada Iredale 1933 S97
    |--Montanomelon Solem 1993 S97
    |--Chloritis Beck 1837 BR17, BR05 [Chloritidae]
    |    `--*C. ungulina (Linnaeus 1758) [=Helix ungulina] BR17
    |--Papuina Martens 1860 BR17, BR05 [Papuinidae, Papuininae]
    |    `--*P. lituus (Lesson 1831) [=Helix lituus] BR17
    |--Calycia Adams 1865 BR17, BR05 [Calyciidae]
    |    `--*C. crystallina (Reeve 1848) [=Bulimus crystallinus] BR17
    |--Planispira Beck 1837 BR17, BR05 [Planispiridae]
    |    `--*P. zonaria (Linnaeus 1767) [=Helix zonaria] BR17
    |--Minimelon Solem 1993 S97
    |    `--M. colmani Solem 1993 S97
    |--Falspleuroxia Solem 1997 S97
    |    `--*F. overlanderensis Solem 1997 S97
    |--Promonturconchum Solem 1997 S97
    |    `--*P. superbum Solem 1997 S97
    |--Caperantrum Solem 1997 S97
    |    `--*C. polygyrum Solem 1997 S97
    |--Cristovala Clench 1958 BR17, BR05 [Cristovalinae]
    |    `--*C. tricolor (Pfeiffer 1849) [=Helix tricolor] BR17
    |--Granulomelon Iredale 1933 S97
    |    |--G. arcigerens (Tate 1894) S97
    |    `--G. gilleni Solem 1993 S97
    |--Strepsitaurus Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--*S. rugus (Cotton 1953) [=Pleuroxia ruga] S97
    |    |--S. cardabius Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--S. milyeringus Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--S. ningaloo Solem 1997 S97
    |    `--S. williami Solem 1997 S97
    |--Plectorhagada Iredale 1933 [incl. Idamera Iredale 1939] S97
    |    |--*P. plectilis (Benson 1853) S97 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. carcharias (Pfeiffer 1864) W08 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. gascoynensis (Smith 1894) (see below for synonymy) S97
    |    |--P. meilgana Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--P. rovina Iredale 1939 [=P. (*Idamera) rovina] S97
    |    `--P. scolythra Solem 1997 S97
    |--Hadra Martens 1860 BR17 [incl. Micardista Iredale 1933 SS10]
    |    |--*H. bipartita (Férussac 1823) [=Helix bipartita] SS10
    |    |--H. barneyi (Cox 1873) SS10
    |    |--H. bartschi (Marshall 1927) (see below for synonymy) SS10
    |    |--H. brunodavidi Stanisic in Stanisic, Shea et al. 2010 SS10
    |    |--H. funiculata (Reeve 1854) SS10
    |    |--H. semicastanea (Pfeiffer 1849) (see below for synonymy) SS10
    |    |--H. webbi (Pilsbry 1900) [incl. H. webbi incallida Iredale 1933] SS10
    |    `--H. wilsoni Solem 1979 S97
    |--Xanthomelon Martens 1860 [Xanthomelontidae, Xanthomelontinae] BR17
    |    |--*X. pomum (Pfeiffer 1842) [=Helix pomum] SS10
    |    |--X. distractum Iredale 1938 SS10
    |    |--X. jannellei (Le Guillou 1842) (see below for synonymy) SS10
    |    |--X. magnidicum Iredale 1938 [=X. pachystylum magnidicum] SS10
    |    |--X. obliquirugosa (Smith 1894) [=Globorhagada obliquirugosa] S97
    |    |--X. pachystylum (Pfeiffer 1845) (see below for synonymy) SS10
    |    |--X. prudhoensis (Smith 1894) [=Globorhagada prudhoensis] S97
    |    `--X. saginatum Iredale 1938 [=X. pachystylum saginatum] SS10
    |--Sinumelon Iredale 1930 BR05 [incl. Notobadistes Cotton & Godfrey 1932 S97]
    |    |--*S. nullaboricum (Tate 1879) BR17 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Helix’ bitaeniata Cox 1868 [=*Notobadistes bitaeniatus] S97
    |    |--S. gawleri Solem 1992 S97
    |    |--S. jimberlanensis Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--S. kalgum Iredale 1939 [incl. S. lennum Iredale 1939, S. lennum mutuum Iredale 1939] S97
    |    |--S. tarcoolanum Solem 1992 S97
    |    |--S. vagente Iredale 1939 S97
    |    `--S. wilpenensis (Tate 1894) S97
    |--Pleuroxia Ancey 1887 (see below for synonymy) S97
    |    |--*P. cyrtopleura (Pfeiffer 1862) [=Helix cyrtopleura] S97
    |    |--P. abstans Iredale 1939 [=P. (*Gantomia) abstans] S97
    |    |--P. adcockiana (Bednall 1894) S97
    |    |--P. bethana Solem 1997 S97
    |    |--P. carmeena Solem 1993 S97
    |    |--P. elfina Iredale 1939 [=P. polypleura elfina] S97
    |    |--P. everardenis (Bednall 1892) S97
    |    |--P. hinsbyi (Gude 1916) S97
    |    |--P. italowiana Solem 1992 S97
    |    |--P. oligopleura (Tate 1894) (see below for synonymy) S97
    |    |--P. phillipsiana (Angas 1873) S97
    |    |--P. polypleura (Tate 1899) [=Helix polypleura, Angasella polypleura; incl. P. commenta Iredale 1939] S97
    |    `--P. radiata (Hedley 1905) S97
    `--Rhagada Martens 1860 BR17 [incl. Bellrhagada Iredale 1938 S97, Tumegada Iredale 1939 S97; Rhagadidae, Rhagadinae]
         |  i. s.: *R. reinga (Gray 1846) BR17 [=Helix reinga BR17, Thersites (*Rhagada) reinga S97]
         |         R. angulata Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. basedowana Iredale 1939 S97
         |         R. biggeana GK12
         |         R. bulgana Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. crystalla Solem 1985 S97
         |         R. cygna Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. dampierana Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. dominica GYD14
         |         R. dringi (Pfeiffer 1846) [=Helix dringi, Bellrhagada dringi] S97
         |         R. elachystoma (von Martens 1878) [=Helix elachystoma, Thersites (Rhagada) elachystoma] S97
         |         R. felicitas GK12
         |         R. globosa Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. harti Solem 1985 S97
         |         R. herberti JHF06
         |         R. intermedia Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. kessneri GK12
         |         R. minima Solem 1997 S97
         |         R. primigena GK12
         |         R. radleyi Preston 1908 S97
         |         R. richardsonii (Smith 1874) (see below for synonymy) S97
         |         R. sheaei GK12
         |         R. supracostulata Schepman 1892 S97
         |         R. tescorum (Benson 1853) [=Helix tescorum] S97
         |         R. torulus (Férussac 1819) [=Helix torulus, Thersites (Rhagada) torulus] S97
         |--+--R. barrowensis Johnson, Stankowski et al. 2013 JS13
         |  `--+--R. convicta (Cox 1870) JS13, S97 (see below for synonymy)
         |     `--R. pilbarana Solem 1997 JS13, S97
         `--+--R. capensis Solem 1997 JS13, S97
            `--+--R. perprima Iredale 1939 JS13, S97 [=R. convicta perprima S97]
               `--R. plicata Preston 1914 JS13, S97 [=*Bellrhagada plicata S97]

Hadra bartschi (Marshall 1927) [incl. Thersites (Hadra) bartschi cepa Marshall 1927, T. (H.) dalli Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi diva Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi elfa Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi fama Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi mobiagensis Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi murrayensis Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi nesia Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi nura Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi oma Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi paulensis Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bastschi quaesita Iredale 1937, T. (H.) waltoni Marshall 1927, T. (H.) bartschi yamensis Marshall 1927] SS10

Hadra semicastanea (Pfeiffer 1849) [incl. Thersites (Hadra) semicastanea alma Marshall 1927, Hadra blighi Iredale 1937, T. (H.) lizardensis Marshall 1927, T. (H.) lizardensis rada Marshall 1927, T. (H.) lizardensis suma Marshall 1927] SS10

Plectorhagada carcharias (Pfeiffer 1864) W08 [=Helix carcharias S97, H. (Dorcasia) carcharias S97, Thersites (Rhagada) carcharias S97]

Plectorhagada gascoynensis (Smith 1894) [=Helix (Trachia) gascoynensis, Planispira gascoynensis, Pleuroxia gascoynensis] S97

*Plectorhagada plectilis (Benson 1853) S97 [=Helix plectilis S97, Amplirhagada plectilis W08, H. (Dorcasia) plectilis S97, Thersites (Rhagada) plectilis S97; incl. H. paleata Reeve 1854 S97]

Pleuroxia Ancey 1887 [incl. Angasella Adams 1864 non Angasiella Crosse 1864, Angasietta Iredale 1939, Gantomia Iredale 1939] S97

Pleuroxia oligopleura (Tate 1894) [=Hadra oligopleura, Angasella oligopleura; incl. A. lemani Gude 1916, Pleuroxia lemani, P. oligopleura numba Iredale 1939] S97

Rhagada convicta (Cox 1870) JS13, S97 [=Helix convicta S97, R. (*Tumegada) convicta S97, Thersites (Rhagada) convicta S97]

Rhagada richardsonii (Smith 1874) [=Helix richardsonii, Thersites (Rhagada) richardsonii; incl. Rhagada convicta strella Iredale 1939, R. convicta tambra Iredale 1939] S97

*Sinumelon nullaboricum (Tate 1879) BR17 [=Helix nullaborica BR17, H. (Xanthomelon) nullarborica S97, Notobadistes nullarborica S97, Thersites (Badistes) nullarborica S97; incl. Sinumelon datum Iredale 1939 S97]

Xanthomelon jannellei (Le Guillou 1842) [=Helix jannellei; incl. H. pachystyla daemeli von Martens 1869, H. pachystyloides Cox 1868] SS10

Xanthomelon pachystylum (Pfeiffer 1845) [incl. X. pachystylum noscitum Iredale 1938, Thersites pachystyla subfuscozonata Cox 1894] SS10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[GK12] Gibson, L. A., & F. Köhler. 2012. Determinants of species richness and similarity of species composition of land snail communities on Kimberley islands. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 41–66.

[GYD14] Gibson, L. A., S. Yates & P. Doughty (eds) 2012–2014. Biodiversity Values on Selected Kimberley Islands, Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81.

[JHF06] Johnson, M. S., Z. R. Hamilton & J. Fitzpatrick. 2006. Genetic diversity of Rhagada land snails on Barrow Island. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 89 (2): 45–50.

[JS13] Johnson, M. S., S. Stankowski, C. S. Whisson, R. J. Teale & Z. R. Hamilton. 2013. Camaenid land snails on Barrow Island: distributions, molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic revision. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 83: 159–171.

[S97] Solem, A. 1997. Camaenid land snails from Western and central Australia (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Camaenidae). VII. Taxa from Dampierland through the Nullarbor. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 50: 1461–1906.

[SS10] Stanisic, J., M. Shea, D. Potter & O. Griffiths. 2010. Australian Land Snails vol. 1. A. field guide to eastern Australian species. Bioculture Press: Mauritius.

[W08] Wilson, B. 2008. Terrestrial gastropods of Faure Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 75: 21–24.

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