Endomychidae

Dapsa trimaculata, copyright Bobgaia.

Belongs within: Coccinelloidea.

The Endomychidae are a group of often brightly coloured fungus-feeding beetles. Larvae often bear lateral tergal processes on most segments; in the species Encymon immaculatus, these processes are spinose and may break off to deter predators (Lawrence & Britton 1991).

Characters (from Lawrence & Britton 1991): Broadly ovate to elongate and globose to moderately flattened, glabrous or clothed with decumbent and erect hairs, often brightly patterned with red or yellow and black. Frontoclypeal suture present; antennae moderately long, usually with relatively loose club; maxillary palps fusiform, labial palps may be securiform; fore coxae globular, trochantins concealed, fore coxal cavities externally open or closed, internally closed; mid coxal cavities moderately to widely separated, laterally open or closed; tarsi trimerous or tetramerous, second tarsal segment commonly lobed, extending beneath reduced third segment; tarsal claws simple; abdomen with five or six ventrites, none connate, femoral lines on first ventrite usually absent. Larva usually oblong to ovate (rarely elongate), slightly to strongly flattened, usually with lateral tergal processes on all thoracic and most abdominal segments and only rarely with short urogomphi; antennae often long (with segment 2 elongate and 1 and 3 reduced), their sockets well separated from mandibular articulations; head often broad at base, strongly narrowed towards mouth-parts; mala obtuse.

<==Endomychidae
    |--Epipocus [Epipocinae] MW15
    |--Endomychus [Endomychinae] MW15
    |    `--E. coccinens RD77
    `--Lycoperdininae B14
         |--Lycoperdina bovistae G20
         `--Eumorphus B14
              |--E. immarginatus G20
              `--E. quadriguttatus (Illiger 1800) B14

Endomychidae incertae sedis:
  Trochoideus desjardinsi LB91
  Displotera LB91
  Stenotarsus pisoniae LB91
  Danae rufula G01b
  Mycetaea LB91
    |--M. hirta RD77
    `--M. subterranea LB91
  Encymon LB91
    |--E. clavicornis C70
    `--E. immaculatus LB91
  Oediarthrus G01b
    |--O. natalensis G01b
    `--O. senegalensis G01b
  Ancylopus G01b
    |--A. bisignatus G01b
    |--A. melanocephalus G01b
    |--A. nigrofuscus Gorh. 1900 G01a
    `--A. unicolor G01b
  Dapsa C01
    |--D. barbara Lucas 1846 E12
    |--D. (Phylira) horvathi Csiki 1901 C01
    |--D. limbata C01
    |--D. nigripennis C01
    `--D. trimaculata C01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[C70] CSIRO. 1970. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers. Melbourne University Press.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l’Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[G01a] Gorham, H. S. 1901a. Descriptions of genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 349–365.

[G01b] Gorham, H. S. 1901b. Descriptions of genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 401–415.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

Last updated: 30 November 2020.