Belongs within: Scarabaeoidea.
The Bolboceratinae are a cosmopolitan group of stout, strongly convex scarabaeoid beetles that dig deep burrows and feed on fungi or plant material. Males usually bear large cephalic and pronotal horns. They are most diverse in Australia where they are primarily found in coastal regions (Cassis & Weir 1992).
<==Bolboceratinae [Bolboceratidae, Bolboceratini]
|--Odonteus MW15
|--Bolbobaineus Howden & Cooper 1977 CW92
| |--*B. planiceps (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras planiceps] CW92
| `--B. simpliciceps (Blackburn 1888) [=Bolboceras simpliciceps] CW92
|--Eucanthus Westwood 1848 CW92
| |--*E. meliboeus (Fabricius 1792) [=Scarabaeus meliboeus] CW92
| |--E. felschei Boucomont 1911 CW92
| `--E. tricarinaticeps Lea 1924 CW92
|--Bolboceras M86
| |--B. corniculatum M86
| |--B. proboscidium Schreibers 1802 M86
| `--B. recticorne Guér. 1838 M86
|--Gilletinus Boucomont 1932 CW92
| |--*G. multicostatus (Lansberge 1885) [=Bolboceras multicostatus] CW92
| |--G. bipagus Howden 1990 CW92
| |--G. corrugatus (Lea 1924) [=Bolboceras corrugatum] CW92
| |--G. flavocastaneus (Lea 1924) [=Bolboceras corrugatum flavocastaneum] CW92
| `--G. williamsi Howden 1992 G09
|--Elephastomus Macleay 1819 CW92
| |--*E. proboscideus (Schreibers 1802) [=Scarabaeus proboscideus] CW92
| | |--E. p. proboscideus [incl. Bolboceras australasiae Kirby 1818] CW92
| | `--E. p. kirbyanus Carne 1965 (see below for synonymy) CW92
| |--E. carnei Krikken 1976 CW92
| |--E. gellarus Carne 1965 CW92
| |--E. howdeni Nikolajev 1990 CW92
| |--E. meraldus Carne 1965 CW92
| `--E. terraereginae (Blackburn 1899) [=Bolboceras terraereginae] CW92
|--Stenaspidius Westwood 1848 CW92
| |--*S. nigricornis (Westwood 1848) [=Bolboceras (*Stenaspidius) nigricornis] CW92
| |--S. albosetosus Howden 1974 CW92
| |--S. allsoppi Howden 1976 CW92
| |--S. brittoni Howden 1974 CW92
| |--S. houstoni Howden 1993 G09
| |--S. lividus Howden 1992 G09
| |--S. matthewsi Howden 1974 CW92
| |--S. ruficornis (Boucomont 1906) [=Bolboceras (Stenaspidius) ruficornis] CW92
| `--S. spatuliferus Howden 1992 G09
|--Bolboleaus Howden & Cooper 1977 CW92
| |--*B. truncatus (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras truncatum] CW92
| |--B. froggatti (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras froggatti] CW92
| |--B. hiaticollis Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. houstoni Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. ingens (Macleay 1888) [=Bolboceras ingens] CW92
| |--B. mimus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. parvicollis Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. propinquus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. quadriarmigerus (Howden 1954) (see below for synonymy) CW92
| |--B. quadrifoveatus (Lea 1919) [=Bolboceras quadrifoveatum] CW92
| |--B. storeyi Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. tenax (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras tenax] CW92
| |--B. trifoveicollis (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras trifoveicolle] CW92
| `--B. variolicollis (Lea 1915) [=Bolboceras variolicolle] CW92
|--Bolborhachium Boucomont 1911 CW92
| |--*B. reticorne (Guérin-Méneville 1829) [=Bolboceras reticorne] CW92
| |--B. anneae Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. bainbridgei (Westwood 1848) [=Bolboceras bainbridgei] CW92
| |--B. chelyum (Blackburn 1889) [=Bolboceras chelyum] CW92
| |--B. concavum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. coronatum (Klug 1843) (see below for synonymy) CW92
| |--B. dacoderum (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras dacoderum] CW92
| |--B. deceptum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. edithae Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. hollowayi Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. inclinatum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. keithi Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. kevini Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. lacunosum (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras lacunosum] CW92
| |--B. laticorne (Macleay 1875) [=Bolboceras laticorne] CW92
| |--B. leai (Boucomont 1924) [=Bolboceras leai, Bolboceras interruptum Lea 1915 non Kolbe 1894] CW92
| |--B. nanum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. pastinum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. prochelyum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. recticorne (Guérin-Méneville 1838) (see below for synonymy) CW92
| |--B. richardsae (Blackburn 1890) [=Bolboceras richardsae] CW92
| |--B. scopulum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. tricavicolle (Lea 1924) [=Bolboceras tricavicolle] CW92
| |--B. trituberculatum (Bainbridge 1842) [=Bolboceras trituberculatum] CW92
| |--B. triunum (Lea 1919) [=Bolboceras triunum] CW92
| `--B. trymoderum (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras trymoderum] CW92
|--Blackbolbus Howden & Cooper 1977 CW92
| |--*B. taurus (Westwood 1848) [=Bolboceras taurus; incl. Bo. bubalus Gillet 1925] CW92
| |--B. augustus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. bispinicollis (Lea 1919) [=Bolboceras bispinicolle] CW92
| |--B. brittoni Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. carnabyorum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. contextus (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras contextum] CW92
| |--B. denticollis (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras denticolle] CW92
| |--B. echinicollis Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. falcatus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. frontalis (Guérin-Méneville 1838) (see below for synonymy) CW92
| |--B. fucinus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. furcaticollis Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. goldingorum Howden 1993 G09
| |--B. hollowayorum Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. hoplocephalus (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras hoplocephalum] CW92
| |--B. incertus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. inconsuetus (Lea 1915) [=Bolboceras inconsuetum] CW92
| |--B. incus Howden 1993 G09
| |--B. inopinus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. insolitus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. kalbarriensis Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. lunatus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. matthewsi Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. multifidus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. orarius Howden 1993 G09
| |--B. puncticollis (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras puncticolle] CW92
| |--B. quadricornis (Klug 1843) [=Bolboceras quadricornis] CW92
| |--B. quinquecavus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. rostratus Howden 1985 CW92
| |--B. rugosicollis Howden 1985 CW92
| `--B. yunaensis Howden 1985 CW92
|--Blackburnium Boucomont 1911 H79
| | i. s.: B. neglectum (Hope 1841) [=Bolboceras neglectum] H79
| |--B. pontiferum group H79
| | |--B. pauperculum Howden 1979 H79
| | `--B. pontiferum (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras pontiferum] H79
| |--B. reichei group H79
| | |--*B. reichei (Guérin-Méneville 1829) (see below for synonymy) H79
| | |--B. canningense Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. cavicolle (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras cavicolle] H79
| | |--B. centrale Howden 1979 H79
| | `--B. neocavicolle Howden 1979 H79
| |--B. sloanei group H79
| | |--B. cooperi Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. harslettae Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. insigne (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras insigne] H79
| | |--B. quinquecorne (Lea 1916) [=Bolboceras quinquecorne] H79
| | |--B. sloanei (Blackburn 1888) [=Bolboceras sloanei] H79
| | `--B. triceratops Howden 1979 H79
| |--B. hippopus group H79
| | |--B. acutipenne Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. barretti Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. brooksi Howden 1979 H79
| | |--B. cornutum (Macleay 1888) [=Bolboceras cornutum] H79
| | |--B. hippopus (Macleay 1888) [=Bolboceras hippopus] H79
| | |--B. seticolle Howden 1979 H79
| | `--B. tatei (Blackburn 1888) [=Bolboceras tatei; incl. Bo. bovilli Blackburn 1904] H79
| `--B. rhinoceros group H79
| |--B. ambiguum Howden 1979 H79
| |--B. angulicorne (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras angulicorne] H79
| | |--B. a. angulicorne H79
| | `--B. a. convexicolle Howden 1979 H79
| |--B. aratum (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras aratum] H79
| |--B. carpentariae (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras carpentariae; incl. Bo. albertisi Harold 1877] H79
| |--B. darwinense Howden 1979 H79
| |--B. kirbyi (Bainbridge in Hope 1841) H79 (see below for synonymy)
| |--B. macleayi (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras macleayi] H79
| |--B. monteithi Howden 1979 H79
| `--B. rhinoceros (Macleay 1864) [=Bolboceras rhinoceros] H79
`--Australobolbus Howden & Cooper 1977 CW92
|--*A. obscurius (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras obscurius] CW92
|--A. adamsi Howden 1992 G09
|--A. allsoppi Howden 1992 G09
|--A. basedowi (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras basedowi] CW92
|--A. bihamus Howden 1992 G09
|--A. carinatus (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras carinatum] CW92
|--A. clypealis (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolbocras clypeale] CW92
|--A. convergifrons Howden 1992 G09
|--A. cruciatus Howden 1990 CW92
|--A. distropis Howden 1992 G09
|--A. fenestratus (Blackburn 1888) [=Bolboceras fenestratum] CW92
|--A. fraternus (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras fraternum] CW92
|--A. gayndahensis (Macleay 1871) [=Bolboceras gayndahense] CW92
|--A. globuliformis (Macleay 1864) [=Bolboceras globuliformis] CW92
|--A. impressicollis (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras impressicolle] CW92
|--A. intermedius Howden 1992 G09
|--A. laevipes (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras laevipes] CW92
|--A. lobocapsus Howden 1992 G09
|--A. loweri (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras loweri] CW92
| |--A. l. loweri CW92
| `--A. l. laratinus (Arrow 1916) [=Bolboceras loweri laratinum] CW92
|--A. mandibularis (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras mandibulare] CW92
|--A. masneri Howden 1992 G09
|--A. nitens (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras nitens] CW92
|--A. nitidiceps (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras nitidiceps] CW92
|--A. pseudobscurius Howden 1992 G09
|--A. pseudolaevipes Howden 1992 G09
|--A. pygmaeus Howden 1992 G09
|--A. rossi Howden 1992 G09
|--A. rotundatus (Hope 1842) [=Bolboceras rotundatus] CW92
|--A. rubescens (Hope 1842) [=Bolboceras rubescens] CW92
|--A. subretusus (Blackburn 1904) [=Bolboceras subretusum] CW92
|--A. sweerii (Macleay 1873) [=Bolboceras sweerii] CW92
`--A. walfordi Howden 1992 G09
Blackbolbus frontalis (Guérin-Méneville 1838) [=Bolboceras frontalis; incl. Bo. latus Bainbridge 1842, Bo. serricollis Bainbridge 1842] CW92
Blackburnium kirbyi (Bainbridge in Hope 1841) H79 [=Bolboceras kirbyi H79; incl. Bo. reichei Westwood 1848 non Guérin-Méneville 1829 CW92]
*Blackburnium reichei (Guérin-Méneville 1829) [=Bolboceras reichei; incl. Bl. bifoveatum Howden 1954, Bo. cornigerum Macleay 1873 non Melsheimer 1846] H79
Bolboleaus quadriarmigerus (Howden 1954) [=Blackburnium quadriarmigerum, Bolboceras armigerum Macleay 1871 non Bo. armiger Scopoli 1772] CW92
Bolborhachium coronatum (Klug 1843) [=Bolboceras coronatum; incl. Bolboceras capreolus Westwood 1848, Bolboceras pentagonicum Lea 1916] CW92
Bolborhachium recticorne (Guérin-Méneville 1838) [=Athyreus recticorne; incl. Bolboceras excavatum Klug 1843, Bolboceras fissicornis Bainbridge 1842, Bolboceras hastifer Bainbridge 1842, Bolboceras septemtuberculatum Bainbridge 1842] CW92
Elephastomus proboscideus kirbyanus Carne 1965 [=Bolboceras (Elephastomus) kirbyi Westwood 1848 non Bainbridge in Hope 1841, B. kirbii] CW92
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[CW92] Cassis, G., & T. A. Weir. 1992. Geotrupidae. In: Houston, W. W. K. (ed.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 9. Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea pp. 41–64. AGPS Press: Canberra.
[G09] Golding, M. R. 2009. A Pictorial Field Guide to the Beetles of Australia. Part 4: Bolboceratinae. Privately published.
[H79] Howden, H. F. 1979. A revision of the Australian genus Blackburnium Boucomont (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series 72: 1–88.
[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part III. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 21–126.
[MW15] McKenna, D. D., A. L. Wild, K. Kanda, C. L. Bellamy, R. G. Beutel, M. S. Caterino, C. W. Farnum, D. C. Hawks, M. A. Ivie, M. L. Jameson, R. A. B. Leschen, A. E. Marvaldi, J. V. McHugh, A. F. Newton, J. A. Robertson, M. K. Thayer, M. F. Whiting, J. F. Lawrence, A. Ślipiński, D. R. Maddison & B. D. Farrell. 2015. The beetle tree of life reveals that Coleoptera survived end-Permian mass extinction to diversify during the Cretaceous terrestrial revolution. Systematic Entomology 40 (4): 835–880.
Last updated: 5 May 2021.
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