Celaenopsoidea

Dorsum (left) and venter of Celaenopsis austriaca, from Evans & Till (1979).

Belongs within: Trigynaspida.

The Celaenopsoidea are a diverse group of mites associated with various arthropods and reptiles. In most families, the dorsum of the deutonymph bears separate podonotal, mesonotal and pygidial shields but the adult has a single holodorsal shield. However, the separate shields are retained to maturity in the Neotropical millipede-associated Neotenogynium malkini. Species of the family Diplogyniidae, which are associated as adults with beetles or snakes, have the anal opening on the large ventral plate and the latigynal plates freely hinged to the ventral plate. Species of Costacarus and Triplogyniidae also have free latigynals but the anal opening is on a separate small plate (Lindquist et al. 2009).

Characters (from Lindquist et al. 2009): Deutonymph with separate podonotal, mesonotal, and pygidial shields; adults usually with holodorsal shield bearing an unpaired median seta at its anterior margin (adults of Neotenogynium retain free shields as in deutonymph). Mesogynal shield small, triangular, and free or amalgamated with latiglynal and/or ventral elements; latigynal shields free or fused to ventral plate; vaginal sclerites well developed. Sternal shield bearing 3-4 setae; free metasternal shield bearing st4 and stp3 often present. Venter covered by single extensive plate, or plate flanked by free lateral and/or anal shields. Palptibia and tarsus distinct, unfused; palpgenu with 5-7 setae; chelicerae with robust, dentate digits, movable digit with large proximal tooth and dendritic or brushlike excrescences. Male genital opening on anterior margin of sternal shield.

<==Celaenopsoidea LKW09
    |  i. s.: Celaenosthanus trigonophilus LKW09
    |--Costacarus [Costacaridae] LKW09
    |    `--C. reyesi LKW09
    |--Neotenogynium [Neotenogyniidae] LKW09
    |    `--N. malkini LKW09
    |--Megacelaenopsidae LKW09
    |    |--Pelorocelaenopsis camini LKW09
    |    `--Megacelaenopsis Funk 1975 FH93
    |         `--M. oudemansi Funk 1975 FH93
    |--Schizogyniidae LKW09
    |    |--Indogynium LKW09
    |    |--Schizogynium Trägårdh 1950 FH93
    |    |    `--S. megisthanoides (Stoll 1893) [=Celaenopsis megisthanoides] FH93
    |    `--Choriarchus Kinn 1966 FH93
    |         `--C. reginus Kinn 1966 FH93
    |--Triplogyniidae LKW09
    |    |--Funkotriplogynium Datta 1985 FH93
    |    |    |--F. bengalensis SW97
    |    |    |--F. iagobadius Seeman & Walter 1997 H98
    |    |    |--F. irapora (Flechtmann 1983) [=Triplogynium irapora] SW97
    |    |    |--F. ovulum SW97
    |    |    |--F. sisiri SW97
    |    |    `--F. vallei (Fox 1959) [=Neodiplogynium vallei] FH93
    |    `--Triplogynium Funk 1977 SW97
    |         |--T. hirtellus SW97
    |         |--T. jeanneli SW97
    |         |--T. krantzi LKW09
    |         |--T. ligniphilum SW97
    |         `--T. vallei LKW09
    |--Euzerconidae LKW09
    |    |--Etazercon Berlese 1888 FH93
    |    |    `--E. starri Hunter & Rosario 1989 FH93
    |    |--Neoeuzercon Funk 1980 FH93
    |    |    `--N. diplopodophilus Funk 1980 FH93
    |    |--Trinizercon Hunter & Rosario 1989 FH93
    |    |    `--T. atyeoi Hunter & Rosario 1989 FH93
    |    `--Euzercon Berlese 1888 FH93
    |         |--E. balzani Berlese 1888 FH93
    |         |--E. latus (Banks 1910) [=Celaenopsis latus] FH93
    |         `--E. ovale Kramer 1927 O28
    |--Celaenopsidae LKW09
    |    |--Brachycelaenopsis Trägårdh 1951 H98
    |    |    `--B. breviatus (Banks 1916) [=Celaenopsis breviatus] H98
    |    |--Pleuronectocelaeno Vitzthum 1926 FH93
    |    |    |--*P. austriaca Vitzthum 1926 K68
    |    |    |--P. africana K68
    |    |    |--P. barbara Athias-Henriot 1959 [=P. austriaca barbara] K68
    |    |    |    |--P. b. barbara K68
    |    |    |    `--P. b. borealis Kinn 1968 K68
    |    |    `--P. drymoecetes Kinn 1968 FH93
    |    |--Ceratocelaenopsis Trägårdh 1950 FH93
    |    |    `--C. womersleyi LKW09
    |    |--Schizocyrtillus Kinn 1970 FH93
    |    |    `--S. lathrius Kinn 1970 FH93
    |    `--Celaenopsis Berlese 1886 FH93 [incl. Antennocelaeno Berl. 1903 E57]
    |         |--C. badius (Koch 1839) [=Gamasus badius; incl. G. cuspidatus Kramer 1876, *Celaenopsis cuspidata] ET79
    |         |--C. angustus Banks 1914 [=Cryptometasternum angustum] FH93
    |         |--C. austriaca ET79
    |         |--C. canadensis Berlese 1910 [=C. (Anoplocelaeno) canadensis, Diplogynium canadense] FH93
    |         |--C. nitida Banks 1914 [=Meinertula nitida] FH93
    |         |--C. pedalis Banks 1910 FH93
    |         `--C. uropodoides Stoll 1893 FH93
    `--Diplogyniidae LKW09
         |--Ophiocelaeno sellnicki LKW09
         |--Crenamargo Hick 1958 FH93
         |    `--C. binuseta Hicks 1958 FH93
         |--Lobogyniella Krantz 1958 FH93
         |    `--L. tragardhi Krantz 1958 FH93
         |--Diplogynium Canestrini 1888 [incl. Anoplocelaeno Berlese 1910] FH93
         |    |--‘Celaenopsis (Anoplocelaeno)’ indica Oudemans 1927 O28
         |    |--D. ovatum (Berlese 1888) [=Celaenopsis ovata] FH93
         |    `--‘Celaenopsis (Anoplocelaeno)’ tropica Oudemans 1927 O28
         |--Heterodiplogynium Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |    `--H. vestitum Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |--Lobogynioides Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |    `--L. obtusum Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |--Neolobogynium Hicks 1957 FH93
         |    `--N. americanum (Banks 1904) [=Celaenopsis americana; incl. N. lateriseta Hicks 1957] FH93
         |--Trichodiplogynium Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |    `--T. hirsutum Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |--Diplogyniella Trägårdh 1950 H98
         |    `--D. gayi Womersley 1958 H98
         |--Paradiplogynium Womersley 1958 H98
         |    `--P. panesthia Womersley 1958 H98
         |--Passalacarus Pearse & Wharton 1936 H98
         |    |--P. brooksi Womersley 1958 H98
         |    `--P. sylvestris Pearse & Wharton in Pearse, Patterson et al. 1936 FH93
         |--Tridiplogynium Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |    |--T. inexpectatum Trägårdh 1950 FH93
         |    `--T. munizi Machado 1964 FH93
         |--Cryptometasternum Trägårdh 1950 H98
         |    |--C. derricki Womersley 1958 H98
         |    `--C. queenslandense Womersley 1958 H98
         `--Neodiplogynium Trägårdh 1950 F59
              `--*N. schubarti Trägårdh 1950 F59

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[E57] Evans, G. O. 1957. An introduction to the British Mesostigmata (Acarina) with keys to families and genera. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 43: 203–259.

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[F59] Fox, I. 1959. A new mite taken with rats in Puerto Rico (Acarina: Diplogyniidae). Acarologia 1 (3): 296–298.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[K68] Kinn, D. N. 1968. A new species of Pleuronectocelaeno (Acarina: Celaenopsidae) associated with bark beetles in North and Central America. Acarologia 9 (2): 191–205.

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[O28] Oudemans, A. C. 1928. Fauna Buruana. Acari. Treubia 7 (Suppl. 2): 37–100.

[SW97] Seeman, O. D., & D. E. Walter. 1997. A new species of Triplogyniidae (Mesostigmata: Celaenopsoidea) from Australian rainforests. International Journal of Acarology 23 (1): 49–59.

Last updated: 7 April 2021.

Pergamasus

Pergamasus sp., copyright R. Penttinen.

Belongs within: Parasitidae.

Pergamasus is a genus of predatory mites found primarily in stable habitats such as forest and grassland soils. They are among the most prominent predatory mites in Palaearctic soils, being replaced by the Rhodacaridae in tropical regions (Bhattacharyya 1963). Females of this genus have the peritrematic shield fused with the holodorsal shield and both sexes have the opisthonotal region of the dorsal shield densely setose. The holodorsal shield bears more than thirty pairs of setae in females and more than 45 pairs of setae in males of the subgenus Pergamasus whereas a maximum of 25 pairs are present in females and 35 pairs in males of Paragamasus (Evans & Till 1979).

<==Pergamasus Berlese 1906 FH93
    |--P. (Pergamasus) B63 [incl. Amblygamasus Berlese 1903 B63, FH93, Plesiogamasus Hull 1918 B63]
    |    |--*P. (P.) crassipes (Linnaeus 1758) S61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Amblygamamasus’ basileus Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--P. (P.) decipiens (Berlese 1904) S22, B63 [=Gamasus (P.) decipiens S22, Paragamasus decipiens B63]
    |    |--‘Amblygamasus’ dentipes (Koch 1839) B63
    |    |--P. (P.) hamatus (Koch 1839) B63, D91 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. (P.) hortensis Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
    |    |--P. (P.) longicornis (Berlese 1906) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. (P.) mirabilis Willmann 1951 B63, FH93 [=Amblygamasus mirabilis S61]
    |    |--P. (P.) noster [=Gamasus (P.) noster] S22
    |    |--‘Plesiogamasus’ paripes (Hull 1918) B63
    |    |--P. (P.) parvulus (Berlese 1903) S22, B63 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. (P.) probsti [=Gamasus (P.) probsti] S22
    |    |--P. (P.) quisquiliarum (Canestrini & Canestrini 1882) S22, FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. (P.) runcatellus (Berlese 1903) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. (P.) septentrionalis (Oudemans 1902) B63, FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Amblygamamasus’ telluricus Hennessey & Farrier 1989 FH93
    |    |--P. (P.) theseus S22 [=Gamasus (P.) theseus S22; incl. P. theseus var. alpinus S61]
    |    `--P. (P.) tiberinus (Can. 1884) E57, ET79 [=Gamasus tiberinus ET79, Pergamasus (*Amblygamasus) tiberinus E57]
    `--P. (Paragamasus Hull 1918) B63 [incl. Leptogamasus Trägårdh 1936 B63, FH93]
         |--P. (*P.) robustus (Oudemans 1902) S61, ET79 (see below for synonymy)
         |--P. (P.) alpestris (Berlese 1904) (see below for synonymy) B63
         |--P. (P.) alstoni Bhattacharyya 1963 [=Leptogamasus alstoni] FH93
         |--P. (P.) armatus (Halbert 1915) [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) runciger var. armatus] B63
         |--P. (P.) cambriensis Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) cassiteridum Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) celticus Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) conus Karg 1971 D91, S07
         |--P. (P.) diversus (Halbert 1915) [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) diversus] B63
         |--P. (P.) femoratus Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) integer Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) lapponicus Trägårdh 1910 B63 [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) lapponicus S22]
         |--P. (P.) leruthi Cooreman 1951 B63
         |--P. (P.) londonensis Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) longisetosus Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) minimus Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--‘Paragamasus’ minor (Berlese 1892) B63
         |--P. (P.) misellus (Berlese 1904) [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) misellus] B63
         |--P. (P.) nathistmus Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) parrunciger Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) rothamstedensis Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) runciger (Berlese 1904) [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) runciger] B63
         |--P. (P.) schweizeri Bhattacharyya 1963 B63
         |--P. (P.) suecicus (Trägårdh 1936) B63 [=*Leptogamasus suecicus E57]
         |--P. (P.) teutonicus Willmann 1956 [=P. lapponicus var. teutonica] B63
         |--P. (P.) truncus Schweizer 1961 B63
         |--P. (P.) vagabundus (Karg 1968) Koe91, S07
         `--P. (P.) wasmanni (Oudemans 1902) [=Parasitus wasmanni] B63

Pergamasus incertae sedis:
  P. aequicornis Athias-Henriot 1967 FH93
  P. barbarus (Berlese 1905) [=Gamasus barbarus] H98
  P. basileus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. brevicornis K09
  P. cornutus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. crassicornutus D91
  P. cuneatus D91
  P. diessenhofenerus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. digitulus Karg 1963 Koe91
  P. elegantulus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. forazi Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. germanicus D91
  P. helveticus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. homopodoides Athias-Henriot 1967 D91
  P. humusorum Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. johnstoni Oudemans 1936 [=Gamasus marginatus Johnston 1848 non Latr. 1806] B63
  P. lobatus Koh91
  P. neorunciger Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. obesus Koh91
  P. oxygynellus S61
  P. perlongum Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. petrophilus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. pinetum Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. plenuspollex Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. processiferus Halbert 1915 B63
  P. serratulus Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. trupchumi Schweizer 1961 S61
  P. valesianus S61
  P. vargasi Gorirossi 1955 FH93
  P. xerothermus Schweizer 1961 S61

Nomina nuda: Pergamasus arcuatus Dielmann 1991 D91
             Pergamasus carniolus Dielmann 1991 D91
             Pergamasus italicus Dielmann 1991 D91
             Pergamasus minutissimus Dielmann 1991 D91
             Pergamasus turriger Dielmann 1991 D91

Pergamasus (Paragamasus) alpestris (Berlese 1904) [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) alpestris; incl. P. alpestris var. coniger Hull 1916] B63

Pergamasus (*Paragamasus) robustus (Oudemans 1902) S61, ET79 [=Parasitus longulus var. robustus B63, Gamasus (Pergamasus) robustus B63]

*Pergamasus (Pergamasus) crassipes (Linnaeus 1758) S61 [=Acarus crassipes S61, Gamasus (P.) crassipes S22, Siro crassipes G00; incl. Gamasus agilis CF77, Pergamasus crassipes var. alsacienne Dielmann 1991 (n. n.) D91, G. equestris CF77, G. fungorum CF77, G. quinquespinosus CF77, Acarus testudinarius Hermann 1804 CF77, G00, Gamasus testudinarius CF77, Siro testudinarius G00]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) hamatus (Koch 1839) B63, D91 [=Gamasus (Pe.) hamatus S22, P. (*Plesiogamasus) hamatus E57; incl. Gamasus (Pergamasus) hamatus var. gracilis Berlese 1906 B63, Pergamasus hamatus var. longipes Schweizer 1961 S61]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) longicornis (Berlese 1906) FH93 [=Gamasus (Pergamasus) crassipes var. longicornis FH93; incl. Amblygamasus septentrionalis belgicus Cooreman 1943 B63, G. (Pe.) magnicornutus Ewing 1909 FH93, G. (Parasitus) predator Banks 1910 FH93]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) parvulus (Berlese 1903) S22, B63 [=Gamasus (P.) parvulus S22, Plesiogamasus parvulus B63; incl. Pergamasus parvulus var. denticulatus Schweizer 1961 S61, Gamasus (Pergamasus) parvulus var. dilatellus Berlese 1906 S22, B63, Plesiogamasus parvulus var. dilatatellus B63]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) quisquiliarum (Canestrini & Canestrini 1882) S22, FH93 [=Gamasus quisquiliarum FH93; incl. P. crassipes var. australicus Womersley 1942 H98]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) runcatellus (Berlese 1903) FH93 [=Gamasus (P.) runcatellus FH93, Paragamasus runcatellus B63; incl. Pergamasus neoruncatellus Schweizer 1961 FH93]

Pergamasus (Pergamasus) septentrionalis (Oudemans 1902) B63, FH93 [=Gamasus (Amblygamasus) septentrionalis S22; incl. A. septentrionalis var. bodanicus Schweizer 1961 S61, G. attenuipes Banks 1910 FH93, A. septentrionalis var. germanicus S61, A. septentrionalis var. helveticus Schweizer 1961 S61, Gamasus (Amblygamasus) septentrionalis var. norvegicus Berlese 1906 B63, Pergamasus (Thenargamasus) norvegicus FH93, Hologamasus quinquedentatus Ewing 1920 FH93]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B63] Bhattacharyya, S. K. 1963. A revision of the British mites of the genus Pergamasus Berlese s.lat. (Acari: Mesostigmata). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History): Zoology 11 (2): 133–241.

[CF77] Canestrini, G., & F. Fanzago. 1877. Intorno agli Acari Italiani. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Serie 5, 4: 69–208, pls 2–7.

[D91] Dielmann, M. 1991. Computer in acarine taxonomy: a method for systematical analysis of the genus Pergamasus (Acari: Mesostigmata). In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 239–248. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[E57] Evans, G. O. 1957. An introduction to the British Mesostigmata (Acarina) with keys to families and genera. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 43: 203–259.

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[G00] Giribet, G. 2000. Catalogue of the Cyphophthalmi of the world (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 2: 49–76.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[Koe91] Koehler, H. H. 1991. The impact of aldicarb on the succession of Gamasina; a one year study. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 749–758. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[Koh91] Kohn, M. 1991. Influence of the refuse dump biotopes on ecology of some gamasoid mites and ticks. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 199–204. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[K09] Krantz, G. W. 2009. Form and function. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 5–53. Texas Tech University Press.

[S22] Schweizer, J. 1922. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandl. Naturf. Ges. Basel 33: 23–112, 4 pls.

[S61] Schweizer, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Parasitiformes Reuter, mit 246 Arten und Varietäten und 268 meist kombinierten Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84: i–vii, 1–207.

[S07] Skorupski, M. 2007. Influence of species composition of tree stands for soil inhabiting mites from the family Parasitidae and suborder Uropodina (Acari: Mesostigmata). In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 193–196. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

Last updated: 22 April 2021.

Eviphidoidea

Thinoseius spinosus, copyright Steve Coulson.

Belongs within: Gamasina.
Contains: Pachylaelapidae, Leptolaelapidae, Macrochelidae, Parholaspididae.

The Eviphidoidea are a group of primarily soil- and litter-dwelling predatory mites. Many species have become adapted to transient habitats such as dung and carrion through phoretic associations with flying insects for dispersal. Conversely, many species of the family Eviphididae are nonphoretic and found in more stable habitats such as humus and moss. Eviphididae are characterised by the presence of an anal shield, one anterolateral seta each on genu and tibia I, and the tectum is usually produced into an elongated, lance-like process. Bulbogamasus sinicus is an eviphidoid-like mite of uncertain affinities described in association with scarab beetles in China (Lindquist et al. 2009).

Characters (from Lindquist et al. 2009): Adult dorsal shield entire; sternal shield of female with 3-4 pairs of setae, metasternal setae on small shields that are amalgamated with adjacent sternal-endopodal elements or present as discrete shields, occasionally inserted free in the integument; preendopodal platelets present or absent, female with a ventrianal or anal shield. Tibia I with 1 posteroventral seta, 2-3 posterodorsal setae, and 1 or 2 anterolateral setae (1(2) 3/2, 2(3)/1 2), tibia III with 7-8 setae (1(2) 1/1, 2/1 1). Palptarsal apotele 2-3-tined, epistome variously produced. Female podospermous, sacculus of the "A" or laelapid type. Male with genital aperture at anterior margin of a holoventral or sternitigenital shield; spematodactyl arises either from internal or external face of movable digit, free distally. Dorsal shield of deutonymph divided or entire; protonymph with 8-11 pairs of pygidial setae; larva with or without pygidial shield.

<==Eviphidoidea LKW09
    |  i. s.: Bulbogamasus [Bulbogamasidae] LKW09
    |           `--B. sinicus LKW09
    |--+--Pachylaelapidae K91
    |  `--+--Leptolaelapidae K91
    |     `--+--Macrochelidae K91
    |        `--Parholaspididae K91
    `--Eviphididae [Eviphidini] K91
         |  i. s.: Scamiphis LKW09
         |         Rafaphis LKW09
         |         Scarabacariphis grandisternalis LKW09
         |         Canestriniphis Potter & Johnston 1976 FH93
         |           `--C. megalodacne Potter & Johnston 1976 FH93
         |         Iphidiosoma S61
         |           |--I. bennwili Schweizer 1961 S61
         |           `--I. fimetarium S61
         |--Thinoseius Halbert 1920 FH93 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--*T. berlesei Halbert 1920 ET79 [incl. Lasioseius fucicola Halbert 1920 ET79, T. fucicola S79]
         |    |--T. acuminatus ET79
         |    |--T. brevisternalis (Canaris 1962) [=Gammaridacarus brevisternalis] FH93
         |    |--T. hirschmanni P94
         |    |--T. kargi Hirschmann 1966 H66
         |    |--T. orchestoideae (Hall 1912) [=Seius orchestoideae] FH93
         |    |--T. ramsayi Evans 1969 L90
         |    |--T. schusteri Hirschmann 1966 H66
         |    `--T. spinosus (Willmann 1939) (see below for synonymy) FH93
         `--Eviphidinae KA90
              |--Scamaphis Karg 1976 ET79
              |    `--*S. equestris (Berl. 1911) [=Iphis (Pelethiphis) equestris; incl. S. exanimis Karg 1976] ET79
              |--Evimirus Karg 1963 ET79
              |    |--*E. uropodinus (Berlese 1904) ET79, FH93 [=Eviphis uropodina FH93]
              |    `--E. pulcherpori Karg 1989 FH93
              |--Crassicheles Karg 1963 ET79
              |    |--*C. concentricus (Oudemans 1904) [=Eviphis concentricus] ET79
              |    `--C. holsaticus ET79
              |--Scarabaspis Womersley 1956 ET79
              |    |--*S. inexpectatus (Oudemans 1903) ET79 [=Eumaeus inexpectatus ET79, Iphidozercon inespectatus S61]
              |    |--S. orientalis (Berlese 1920) [=Iphidozercon orientalis; incl. S. aspera Womersley 1956] H98
              |    `--S. rykei LKW09
              |--Alliphis Halbert 1923 ET79
              |    |--*A. halleri (Canestrini & Canestrini 1881) ET79 (see below for synonymy)
              |    |--A. alpinus Schweizer 1961 S61
              |    `--A. oviforme (Schweizer 1949) [=Ameroseius oviforme] S61
              |--Copriphis Berlese 1910 ET79
              |    |--*C. pterophilus (Berl. 1882) [=Iphis pterophilus] ET79
              |    |--C. (Pelethiphis) dermanyssoides Berlese 1911 FH93
              |    |--C. elongatus Berlese 1911 FH93
              |    |--C. hastatellus RK91
              |    |--C. janetscheki Schmölzer 1956 R61
              |    `--C. variola Schweizer 1949 S61
              `--Eviphis Berlese 1903 [incl. Iphidoides Oudemans 1904, Iphis Koch 1835] FH93
                   |--*E. pyrobolus (Koch 1839) ET79 [=Iphis pyrobolus FH93, Eumaeus pyrobolus ET79]
                   |--E. drepanogaster LKW09
                   |--E. exemplaris Vitzthum 1925 V25
                   |--E. halleri S22
                   |--E. ostrinus (Koch 1835) [=*Iphis ostrinus] FH93
                   |--E. rufus Oudemans 1914 V25
                   `--E. stephaniniarus LKW09

*Alliphis halleri (Canestrini & Canestrini 1881) ET79 [=Gamasus halleri FH93; incl. A. alpinus Schweizer 1961 FH93, Copriphis (Pelethiphis) crinitus var. curtipilus Berlese 1911 FH93, Eviphis siculus Oudemans 1905 FH93, Alliphis siculus FH93]

Thinoseius Halbert 1920 FH93 [incl. Gammaridacarus Canaris 1962 FH93, Ligialaelaps Radford 1942 FH93; Thinoseiinae ET79]

Thinoseius spinosus (Willmann 1939) [=Lasioseius spinosus; incl. L. spinatus Sellnick 1940, L. uncinatus Sellnick 1940] FH93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[H66] Hirschmann, W. 1966. Gangsystematik der Parasitiformes. Teil 15. Gänge von Litoralmilben und neue Litoralmilbenarten. Acarologie: Schriftenreihe für Vergleichende Milbenkunde 9: 25–44.

[K91] Karg, W. 1991. The integration of morphologic, biogeographic and palaeogeographic studies to reveal the phylogeny of predatory mites. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 121–127. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[KA90] Krantz, G. W., & B. D. Ainscough. 1990. Acarina: Mesostigmata (Gamasida). In: Dindal, D. L. (ed.) Soil Biology Guide pp. 583–665. John Wiley & Sones: New York.

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[L90] Luxton, M. 1990. The marine littoral mites of the New Zealand region. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 20 (4): 367–418.

[P94] Pugh, P. J. A. 1994. Non-indigenous Acari of Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic islands. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 110: 207–217.

[RK91] Royce, L. A., & G. W. Krantz. 1991. A new rearing method for nematophagous mites. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 619–622. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[R61] Ryke, P. A. J. 1961. A review of the genus Saintdidieria Oudemans (Acarina: Rhodacaridae) with remarks on the genus Lobocephalus Kramer. Acarologia 3 (3): 250–255.

[S79] Schuster, R. 1979. Soil mites in the marine environment. Recent Advances in Acarology 1: 593–602.

[S22] Schweizer, J. 1922. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandl. Naturf. Ges. Basel 33: 23–112, 4 pls.

[S61] Schweizer, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Parasitiformes Reuter, mit 246 Arten und Varietäten und 268 meist kombinierten Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84: i–vii, 1–207.

[V25] Vitzthum, H. 1925. Fauna sumatrensis. (Beitrag no. 5). Acarinae. Supplementa Entomologica 11: 1–79.

Last updated: 19 April 2021.

Platyseiinae

Cheiroseius phoretic on crane fly Erioptera cana, copyright Stephen Luk.

Belongs within: Phytoseioidea.

The Platyseiinae are a group of predatory mites often found in subaquatic or damp habitats. They typically have several large, acutely pointed structures at the ends of legs II–IV, including the pretarsal paradactyli and a median projection of the pulvillus. Many species have enlarged peritremes that function as plastrons when submerged (Lindquist et al. 2009). Species of the genus Platyseius have two to four pairs of J setae on the opisthonotum and sternal setae 1 are distinctly shorter than setae 3 whereas Cheiroseius species have five pairs of J setae on the opisthonotum and the sternal setae 1 and 3 are subequal in length (Evans & Till 1979).

<==Platyseiinae LKW09
    |--Cheiroseiulus LKW09
    |--Platyseius Berlese 1916 [incl. Paraseius Halbert 1915 non Trägårdh 1910, Plesiosejus Evans & Hyatt 1960] FH93
    |    |--P. subglaber (Oudemans 1903) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--P. aequalis Schweizer 1949 S61
    |    |--P. basileus Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--P. corniger [=Lasioseius corniger, Epicrius corniger] S61
    |    |--P. echinatus Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--P. grimseli Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--P. handschini (Schweizer 1949) [=Episeius handschini] S61
    |    |--P. horridus (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Plesiosejus horridus] FH93
    |    |--P. italicus ET79 [=Episeius italicus S61]
    |    |--P. major LKW09
    |    |--P. michaeli S61
    |    |--P. mutilus [=Episeius mutilus] S61
    |    |--P. neocorniger S61
    |    |--P. ovaspini (Schweizer 1929) S61
    |    |--P. serratus (Halbert 1915) [=Paraseius serratus] S61
    |    |--P. tenuipes S61
    |    `--P. trupchumi Schweizer 1961 S61
    `--Cheiroseius Berlese 1916 ET79 [incl. Episeiella Willmann 1938 FH93, Episeius Hull 1918 FH93]
         |  i. s.: C. areolacus McDaniel & Bolen 1983 FH93
         |         C. browningi WK90
         |         C. cassiteridus (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus cassiteridum] FH93
         |         C. curtipes (Halbert 1923) (see below for synonymy) FH93
         |         C. glaber WL89
         |         C. groenlandicus (Haarløv 1942) [=Episeius groenlandicus] FH93
         |         C. hurlbutti Baker, Delfinado & Abbatiello 1976 FH93
         |         C. mackerrasae (Womersley 1956) [=Platyseius mackerrasae] H98
         |         C. neborealis (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus neborealis] FH93
         |         C. necorniger (Oudemans 1904) [=Hypoaspis necorniger] FH93
         |         C. parbatensis WL95
         |--C. (Cheiroseius) FH93
         |    |--*C. (C.) unguiculatus (Berlese 1887) [=Seius unguiculatus] ET79
         |    |--C. (C.) antillanus (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus antillanus] FH93
         |    |--C. (C.) bellingeri (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus bellingeri] FH93
         |    |--C. (C.) borealis (Berlese 1904) [=Ameroseius borealis; incl. Episeius montanus Willmann 1949] FH93
         |    |--C. (C.) greeneae (De Leon 1964) [=Sejus greeneae] FH93
         |    |--C. (C.) hulli (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus hulli] FH93
         |    |--C. (C.) nasutus Karg 1981 FH93
         |    `--C. (C.) tennesseensis (De Leon 1964) [=Sejus tennesseensis; incl. C. flagellatus Karg 1979] FH93
         `--C. (Posttrematus) FH93
              |--C. (P.) cascadensis (De Leon 1964) [=Sejus cascadensis] FH93
              |--C. (P.) floridianus (De Leon 1964) [=Sejus floridianus] FH93
              |--C. (P.) guthriei (Ewing 1913) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
              |--C. (P.) insculptus (Keegan 1946) [=Pachyseius insculpta] FH93
              |--C. (P.) laelaptoides (Berlese 1887) (see below for synonymy) FH93
              |--C. (P.) mutilus (Berlese 1916) [=Lasioseius mutilus] FH93
              `--C. (P.) nodosus (Evans & Hyatt 1960) [=Sejus nodosus] FH93

Cheiroseius curtipes (Halbert 1923) [=Lasioseius (Episeius) glaber var. curtipes; incl. Episeius ovaspini Schweizer 1949] FH93

Cheiroseius (Posttrematus) guthriei (Ewing 1913) FH93 [=Podocinum guthriei FH93; incl. Sejus jamaicensis Evans & Hyatt 1960 FH93, Cheiroseius jamaicensis WL95]

Cheiroseius (Posttrematus) laelaptoides (Berlese 1887) [=Epicrius laelaptoides; incl. Parasejus glaber var. minor Trägårdh 1910, Lasioseius (Episeius) sphagni] FH93

Platyseius subglaber (Oudemans 1903) FH93 [=Hypoaspis subglabra FH93; incl. Lasioseius (*Platyseius) capillatus Berlese 1916 ET79, FH93, L. listrophorus Schweizer 1924 FH93]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[S61] Schweizer, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Parasitiformes Reuter, mit 246 Arten und Varietäten und 268 meist kombinierten Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84: i–vii, 1–207.

[WK90] Walter, D. E., & D. T. Kaplan. 1990. Antagonists of plant-parasitic nematodes in Florida citrus. Journal of Nematology 22 (4): 567–573.

[WL89] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 1989. Life history and behavior of mites in the genus Lasioseius (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from grassland soils in Colorado, with taxonomic notes and description of a new species. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 2797–2813.

[WL95] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 1995. The distributions of parthenogenetic ascid mites (Acari: Parasitiformes) do not support the biotic uncertainty hypothesis. Experimental and Applied Acarology 19: 423–442.

Last updated: 18 April 2021.

Blattisociinae

Lasioseius berlesei, copyright Centre for Biodiversity Genomics.

Belongs within: Phytoseioidea.

The Blattisociinae are an ecologically diverse group of mites, found in both terrestrial and above-ground habitats and encompassing predators, insect parasites, fungivores and pollenivores. The genus Blattisocius includes some species associated with moths which range from being phoretic only, to feeding on the moths' eggs, to feeding on haemolymph of the moths themselves (Lindquist et al. 2009). Species of Blattisocius are characterised by slender, approximating corniculi and narrow rows of hypognathal denticles with only a few denticles each (Evans & Till 1979).

The most diverse genus of Blattisociinae is Lasioseius, with species found in a range of soil habitats including grassland, litter and animal nests, with species feeding on nematodes, micro-arthropods and fungi (Lindquist et al. 2009).

<==Blattisociinae [Aceosejidae, Aceosejinae, Blattisociini, Gnoriminae]
    |--Adhaerenseius LKW09
    |--Arrhenoseius Walter & Lindquist 2001 LKW09, WaLi01
    |    `--*A. gloriosus Walter & Lindquist 2001 WaLi01
    |--Aceodromus Muma 1961 LKW09, FH93 [Aceodrominae]
    |    |--*A. convolvuli Muma 1961 LC64
    |    `--A. asternalis Lindquist & Chant 1964 FH93
    |--Orthadenella LKW09
    |    |--O. lawrencei LKW09
    |    `--O. tennesseensis LKW09
    |--Zercoseius Berlese 1916 LKW09, FH93
    |    |--*Z. spathuliger (Leonardi 1899) [=Seius spathuliger] ET79
    |    |--Z. paliger (Berlese 1916) [=Lasioseius (Zercoseius) paliger] FH93
    |    `--Z. remiger [=Lasioseius (Zercoseius) remiger] S22
    |--Hoploseius Berlese 1914 LKW09, FH93
    |    |--H. tenuis Lindquist 1965 H98, FH93
    |    |--+--*H. cometa (Berlese 1910) W98, V25 [=Zercon cometa V25]
    |    |  `--H. drosophili W98
    |    `--H. bakeri group W98
    |         |--H. australianus Walter 1998 W98
    |         |--H. bakeri W98
    |         `--H. sitalaensis W98
    |--Blattisocius Keegan 1944 [incl. Paragarmania Nesbitt 1951] FH93
    |    |--B. tarsalis (Berlese 1918) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--B. dentriticus (Berlese 1918) (see below for synonymy) FH93
    |    |--B. keegani Fox 1947 [=Blattiosocius (l. c.) keegani, Melichares keegani] H98
    |    |--B. mali (Oudemans 1929) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--B. patagiorum Treat 1966 FH93
    |    `--B. quadridentatus Haines 1978 FH93
    `--Lasioseius Berlese 1916 LKW09, FH93 (see below for synonymy)
         |  i. s.: L. berlesei (Oudemans 1938) FH93 (see below for synonymy)
         |         L. africanus R96
         |         L. allii Chant 1958 FH93 [incl. L. bispinosus Evans 1958 FH93, L. martini LKW09]
         |         L. alter Vitzthum 1925 WaLi01, V25 [=Lasioseius (Zygoseius) alter V25]
         |         L. americanellus (De Leon 1964) [=Hyattella americanella, L. (Crinidens) americanellus] FH93
         |         L. americanus Chant 1963 FH93
         |         L. araucariae WaLi01
         |         L. arboreus Chant 1963 [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) arboreus] FH93
         |         L. athiashenriotae De Leon 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) athiashenriotae] FH93
         |         L. aurora Vitzthum 1925 V25
         |         L. boomsmai Womersley 1956 [=L. boommai (l. c.)] H98
         |         ‘Gnorimus’ chaudhrii WuLa01
         |         L. chelaserratus Naeem, Dobkin & OConner 1985 FH93
         |         L. confusus Evans 1958 (see below for synonymy) WL89
         |         L. convexus WaLi01
         |         L. corticeus Lindquist 1971 [=L. (Crinidens) corticeus] FH93
         |         L. cynari Chant 1963 FH93
         |         L. drosophili Chant 1963 [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) drosophili] FH93
         |         L. elegans Fain, Hyland & Aiken 1977 FH93
         |         ‘*Hyattella’ epicriodes Krantz 1962 WL97
         |         L. epicriodopsis De Leon 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) epicriodopsis] FH93
         |         L. fimetorum R96
         |         L. fissuratus V25
         |         L. fleschneri Chant 1963 FH93
         |         L. floridensis Berlese 1916 FH93 (see below for synonymy)
         |         L. frondeus Karg 1965 WL89
         |         L. furcisetus Athias-Henriot 1959 FH93 (see below for synonymy)
         |         L. glaber S22
         |         L. humberti WaLi01
         |         L. imitans WaLi01
         |         L. italicus S22
         |         L. jueradeus Schweizer 1949 S61
         |         L. kinikinik Walter & Lindquist 1989 FH93
         |         L. krantzi Chant 1963 [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) krantzi] FH93
         |         L. lacunosus Westerboer in Stammer 1963 FH93
         |         L. lasiodactyli Ishikawa 1969 FH93
         |         L. manyarae Hurlbutt 1972 H72
         |         L. matthyssei Chant 1963 [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) matthysei] FH93
         |         L. meridionalis Chant 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) meridionalis] FH93
         |         L. mexicanus (Banks 1904) [=Laelaps mexicanus] FH93
         |         L. mouchei WaLi01
         |         L. muestairi Schweizer 1949 S61
         |         L. multisetus Chant 1963 [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) multisetus] FH93
         |         L. mumai De Leon 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) mumai] FH93
         |         L. muricatus (Koch 1839) (see below for synonymy) FH93
         |         L. nambirimae H72
         |         L. neometes McGraw & Farrier 1969 FH93
         |         L. nivalis Schweizer 1961 S61
         |         L. nomus Athias-Henriot 1959 H72
         |         L. oblongus (Ewing 1909) [=Gamasus oblongus] FH93
         |         L. ometes (Oudemans 1903) FH93 [=Hypoaspis ometes FH93, L. (Zercoseius) ometes V25]
         |         L. ometisimilis LKW09
         |         L. parvulus V25
         |         L. penicilliger Berlese 1916 (see below for synonymy) FH93
         |         L. peritremus Nasr & Abou-Awad 1987 FH93
         |         L. podocinoides Berlese 1916 [=L. (Zercoseius) podocinoides] H72
         |         L. pusillus V25
         |         L. quadrisetosus WL97
         |         L. queenslandicus (Womersley 1956) (see below for synonymy) WL97
         |         L. rugosa (Halliday 1995) H98 [=*Neolaspina rugosa H95]
         |         L. safroi (Ewing 1920) (see below for synonymy) FH93
         |         L. scutalis WaLi01
         |         L. serratus S22
         |         L. subterraneus Chant 1963 [=L. (Criniacus) subterraneus] FH93
         |         L. sugawarai Ehara 1964 FH93
         |         L. tectus WaLi01
         |         L. tenuipes S22
         |         L. terrestris G91
         |         L. tetraspinosus Karg 1980 [=L. (Crinidens) tetraspinosus] FH93
         |         L. thermophilus WL89
         |         L. tridentatus Baker, Delfinado & Abbatiello 1976 FH93
         |         L. tuberculiger (Berlese 1916) [=Ameroseius tuberculiger; incl. L. spectabilis De Leon 1963] FH93
         |         L. vitzthumi WaLi01
         |         L. youcefi Athias-Henriot 1959 (see below for synonymy) WL89
         |         L. zaluckii Walter & Lindquist 1997 H98
         |         L. zerconoides H73
         |--L. phytoseioides group WL97
         |    |--L. parberlesei Bhattacharyya 1968 [=*Indiraseius perberlesei] WL97
         |    |--L. phytoseioides Chant 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) phytoseioides] FH93
         |    `--‘*Gnorimus’ tabella Chaudri 1975 WL97
         `--L. porulosus group WL97
              |--L. cuppa Walter & Lindquist 1997 WL97
              |--L. porulosus De Leon 1963 [=L. (Crinidens) porulosus] FH93
              |--L. quandong Walter & Lindquist 1997 WL97
              |--L. traveni Walter & Lindquist 1997 WL97
              `--L. wondjina Walter & Lindquist 1997 WL97

Nomina nuda: Lasioseius aparapilus Lindquist 1963 FH93
             Lasioseius muricatus var. floridensis Berlese 1918 non L. pencilliger var. floridensis Berlese 1916 FH93
             Lasioseius halimus Lindquist 1963 FH93
             Lasioseius polypori Lindquist 1963 FH93
             Lasioseius scabridus Lindquist 1963 FH93
             Lasioseius muricatus var. transoceanicus Berlese 1918 FH93

Blattisocius dentriticus (Berlese 1918) H98 [=Lasioseius dentriticus H98, B. dendriticus (l. c.) H98, Melichares dentriticus H98; incl. Seiulus amboinensis Oudemans 1925 FH93, Laelaps fimbriatus Halbert 1923 FH93]

Blattisocius mali (Oudemans 1929) FH93 [=Typhlodromus mali FH93, *Paragarmania mali E57; incl. Lasioseius (Paragarmania) bakeri Chant 1958 FH93, Blattisocius daci Narayanan & Ghai 1961 FH93]

Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese 1918) FH93 [=Lasioseius tarsalis FH93, Melichares tarsalis H98; incl. L. similis Schweizer 1949 FH93, Typhlodromus tineivorus Oudemans 1929 FH93, Blattisocius tineivorus H98, *B. tridons Keegan 1944 ET79, FH93]

Lasioseius Berlese 1916 LKW09, FH93 [incl. Aceoseius Sellnick 1941 FH93, Borinquolaelaps Fox 1946 FH93, Criniacus Karg 1980 WL89, Crinidens Karg 1980 WL89, Gnorimus Chaudri 1975 WL97, Hyattella Krantz 1962 nec Lendenfeld 1889 nec Hall & Clarke 1893 FH93, Indiraseius Dansehvar 1987 WL97, Neolaspina Halliday 1995 H98]

Lasioseius berlesei (Oudemans 1938) FH93 [=Typhlodromus berlesei FH93, Seius muricatus Berlese 1887 non Koch 1839 FH93, *Aceoseius muricatus WL97, *Lasioseius muricatus ET79; incl. L. aba Baker & Wharton 1952 FH93, L. sylvestris Pinchuk 1972 WL89]

Lasioseius confusus Evans 1958 [=Pseudoseius confusus Evans in Browning 1956 (n. n.); incl. Platyseius nidus Pinchuk 1972] WL89

Lasioseius floridensis Berlese 1916 FH93 [=L. (Zercoseius) pencilliger var. floridensis FH93; incl. L. analis Evans 1958 FH93, *Borinquolaelaps dentatus Fox 1946 WL97, FH93, L. dentatus WL95, L. scapulatus Kennett 1958 FH93]

Lasioseius furcisetus Athias-Henriot 1959 FH93 [=L. (Crinidens) furcisetus FH93; incl. L. (Criniacus) lanciolatus Chant 1963 WL89, FH93]

Lasioseius muricatus (Koch 1839) [=Sejus muricatus; incl. Laelaps ligoniformis Michael 1892, Ameroseius pseudocometa Schweizer 1922] FH93

Lasioseius penicilliger Berlese 1916 [incl. L. (Zercoseius) lanciolatus Chant 1963 non L. (Criniacus) lanciolatus Chant 1963] FH93

Lasioseius queenslandicus (Womersley 1956) [=Platyseius queenslandicus; incl. L. athiasae Nawar & Nasr 1991] WL97

Lasioseius safroi (Ewing 1920) [=Seius safroi, [=Lasioseius (Criniacus) safroi; incl. L. dendroctoni Chant 1963] FH93

Lasioseius youcefi Athias-Henriot 1959 [incl. L. mcgregori Chant 1963, L. paucisetosus Westerboer 1963, L. proteae Ryke 1964] WL89

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[E57] Evans, G. O. 1957. An introduction to the British Mesostigmata (Acarina) with keys to families and genera. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 43: 203–259.

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[G91] Gupta, S. K. 1991. The mites of agricultural importance in India with remarks on their economic status. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 509–522. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[H95] Halliday, R. B. 1995. A new genus and two new species of Parholaspididae from Australia and Papua New Guinea (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 52: 209–217.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[H72] Hurlbutt, H. W. 1972. Ascinae and Podocinidae (Acarina: Mesostigmata) from Tanzania. Acarologia 13 (2): 280–300.

[H73] Hurlbutt, H. W. 1973. The systematic position of Panteniphis africanus (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Acarologia 17 (1): 36–42.

[LC64] Lindquist, E. E., & D. A. Chant. 1964. A redescription of Aceodromus Muma and its transfer to the Blattisociinae (Acarina: Blattisociidae). Canadian Entomologist 96: 500–507.

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[R96] Ruf, A. 1996. Life-history patterns in soil-inhabiting mesostigmatid mites (Dermanyssina, Parasitina). In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 621–628. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[S22] Schweizer, J. 1922. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der terrestrischen Milbenfauna der Schweiz. Verhandl. Naturf. Ges. Basel 33: 23–112, 4 pls.

[S61] Schweizer, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Parasitiformes Reuter, mit 246 Arten und Varietäten und 268 meist kombinierten Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84: i–vii, 1–207.

[V25] Vitzthum, H. 1925. Fauna sumatrensis. (Beitrag no. 5). Acarinae. Supplementa Entomologica 11: 1–79.

[W98] Walter, D. E. 1998. Hoploseius australianus sp. nov. (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae), a unique element in the Australian acarofauna. Australian Entomologist 25 (3): 69–74.

[WL89] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 1989. Life history and behavior of mites in the genus Lasioseius (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from grassland soils in Colorado, with taxonomic notes and description of a new species. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 2797–2813.

[WL95] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 1995. The distributions of parthenogenetic ascid mites (Acari: Parasitiformes) do not support the biotic uncertainty hypothesis. Experimental and Applied Acarology 19: 423–442.

[WL97] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 1997. Australian species of Lasioseius (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae): the porulosus group and other species from rainforest canopies. Invertebrate Taxonomy 11: 525–547.

[WaLi01] Walter, D. E., & E. E. Lindquist. 2001. Arrhenoseius gloriosus n. g., n. sp. (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae), an arrhenotokous mite from rainforests in Queensland, Australia. Acarologia 41: 53–68.

[WuLa01] Wu, W.-N., & W.-M. Lan. 2001. The phytoseiid mites of major crops in China. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 530–532. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

Last updated: 18 April 2021.

Digamasellidae

Dendrolaelaps alongside collembolan, copyright Scott Justis.

Belongs within: Gamasina.

The Digamasellidae are a widespread group of mostly predatory mites though the genus Digamasellus is considered fungivorous. Members of the genera Dendroseius and Dendrolaelaps possess two pairs of light-refractive structures between the setae z5 on the podonotum. Digamasellus species lack setae z3 on the podonotum and have an enlarged anal opening (Evans & Till 1979).

Characters (from Lindquist et al. 2009): Dorsal shield of adults divided; palpi five-segmented, palptarsal apotele two-tined; legs IV usually with seven setae on genu (1 2/1, 2/0 1) and seven on tibia (1 1/1, 2/1 1); anterior portion of female sternal shield and male sternitigenital shield weakly defined; male with sternal setae st5 on separate platelets; female with separate epigynal shield.

<==Digamasellidae [Allolaelaptidae, Dendrolaelapinae] LKW09
    |--Oligodentatus Shcherbak 1980 FH93
    |--Dendroseius Karg 1965 ET79
    |    `--*D. scotarius (Sheals 1958) ET79 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Panteniphis LKW09
    |    |--P. athiasae Hirschmann 1983 G00
    |    `--P. mirandus Willmann 1949 G00
    |--Longoseius Chant 1961 FH93
    |    |--L. (Longoseius) cuniculus Chant 1961 FH93
    |    `--L. (Longoseiulus) brachypodus (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus brachypoda] FH93
    |--Insectolaelaps Shcherbak 1980 FH93
    |    |--I. armatus (Hirschmann 1960) [=Dendrolaelaps armatus] FH93
    |    |--I. latoamarmatus Hirschmann & Wiśniewski 1982 FH93
    |    |--I. neoarmatus Hirschmann & Wiśniewski 1982 FH93
    |    `--I. quadrisetus (Berlese 1920) (see below for synonymy) FH93
    |--Dendrolaelaspis Lindquist 1975 FH93
    |    |--D. angulosus (Willmann 1936) [=Digamasellus angulosus] FH93
    |    |--D. baloghi (Hirschmann 1974) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) baloghi FH93
    |    |--D. bregetovae (Shcherbak 1978) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) bregetovae] FH93
    |    |--D. brevisetosus (Shcherbak 1978) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) brevisetosus] FH93
    |    |--D. cienfuegi (Wiśniewski & Hirschmann 1989) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) cienfuegi] FH93
    |    |--D. lindquisti (Shcherbak 1978) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) lindquisti] FH93
    |    `--D. miniangulosus (Shcherbak 1978) [=Dendrolaelaps (Dendrolaelaspis) miniangulosus] FH93
    |--Digamasellus Berlese 1905 ET79
    |    |--D. punctum (Berlese 1904) LKW09, ET79 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--D. australis Lindquist 1975 H98
    |    |--D. cornutus [=Dendrolaelaps cornutus; incl. Gamasellus captator, Cyrtolaelaps captator] S61
    |    |--D. crassipes Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--D. inermis (Halbert 1920) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) inermis] V25
    |    |--D. lemani Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--D. magnituberculatus (Vitzthum 1925) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) magnituberculatus] V25
    |    |--D. puntperivi Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    |--D. schauenburgi Schweizer 1961 S61
    |    `--D. variabilis Wiśniewski & Hirschmann 1989 FH93
    |--Multidendrolaelaps Hirschmann 1974 FH93
    |    |--M. bakeri (Hirschman & Wiśniewski 1982) [=Dendrolaelaps (Epistodendrolaelaps) bakeri] FH93
    |    |--M. epistospinosus Shcherbak 1985 FH93
    |    |--M. fossilis (Hirschmann 1971) [=Dendrolaelaps fossilis] FH93
    |    |--M. hurlbutti Shcherbak 1985 [=M. harlbutti] FH93
    |    |--M. inconstans Shcherbak 1985 FH93
    |    |--M. isodentatus (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus isodentatus] FH93
    |    |--M. spinosus FH93
    |    |    |--M. s. spinosus FH93
    |    |    `--M. s. elongatus Shcherbak 1985 FH93
    |    |--M. tetraspinosus (Hirschmann 1960) [=Dendrolaelaps tetraspinosus] FH93
    |    |--M. trispinosus Shcherbak 1985 FH93
    |    `--M. ulmi (Hirschmann 1960) [=Dendrolaelaps ulmi] FH93
    |--Pontiolaelaps Luxton 1984 L90
    |    |--*P. crenatus (Luxton 1984) [=Dendrolaelaps (*Pontiolaelaps) crenatus] L90
    |    |--P. salinus Luxton 1989 L90
    |    `--P. terebratus Luxton 1984 L90
    `--Dendrolaelaps Halbert 1915 ET79
         |  i. s.: D. adelaideae Womersley 1954 (see below for synonymy) H98
         |         D. aegypticus E-KO07
         |         D. arenarius Karg 1971 M96
         |         D. euarmatus Hirschmann 1960 K91
         |         D. fukikoae LKW09
         |         D. insignis Hirschmann 1960 K91
         |         D. kargi Hirschmann 1966 H66
         |         D. latior WI89
         |         D. procornutus WI89
         |         D. schusteri Hirschmann 1966 H66
         |         D. unsipinatus LKW09
         |         D. watsoni Hirschmann 1966 H66
         |--D. (Dendrolaelaps) FH93
         |    |--*D. (D.) oudemansi Halbert 1915 ET79 [=Digamasellus oudemansi S61]
         |    |--D. (D.) cylindricus (Berlese 1918) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) cylindricus] FH93
         |    |--D. (D.) hurlbutti Hirschmann & Wiśniewski 1982 FH93
         |    |--D. (D.) moseri (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus moseri] FH93
         |    `--D. (D.) neocornutus (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus neocornutus] FH93
         |--D. (Apophyseodendrolaelaps) FH93
         |    |--D. (A.) neodisetosimilis McGraw & Farrier 1969 FH93
         |    |--D. (A.) neozwoelferi Hirschmann 1983 FH93
         |    `--D. (A.) zwoelferi Hirschmann 1960 FH93
         |--D. (Cornodendrolaelaps) FH93
         |    |--D. (C.) carolinensis McGraw & Farrier 1969 FH93
         |    |--D. (C.) passalorum (Pearse & Wharton in Pearse, Patterson et al. 1936) [=Zercon passalorum] FH93
         |    |--D. (C.) quadritorus (Robillard 1971) [=Digamasellus quadritorus] FH93
         |    |--D. (C.) reticulosus Hirschmann 1960 FH93
         |    `--D. (C.) varipunctatus (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus varipunctatus] FH93
         |--D. (Disetodendrolaelaps) FH93
         |    |--D. (D.) disetus Hirschmann 1960 FH93
         |    `--D. (D.) neodisetus (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus neodisetus] FH93
         |--D. (Epistodendrolaelaps) manualkrantzi Hirschmann 1983 FH93
         |--D. (Ipidodendrolaelaps) quadrisetosimilis Hirschmann 1960 FH93
         |--D. (Majestidendrolaelaps) majesticus Wiśniewski & Hirschmann 1989 FH93
         |--D. (Presepodendrolaelaps) presepum (Berlese 1918) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) presepum] FH93
         |--D. (Punctodendrolaelaps) FH93
         |    |--D. (P.) debilipes (Berlese 1920) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) debilipes] FH93
         |    |--D. (P.) fallax (Leitner 1949) [=Digamasellus fallax] FH93
         |    |--D. (P.) louisianae Hirschmann & Wiśniewski 1982 FH93
         |    |--D. (P.) quadricrinis (Berlese 1920) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) quadricrinis] FH93
         |    |--D. (P.) rotoni (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus rotoni] FH93
         |    `--D. (P.) strenzkei Hirschmann 1960 FH93
         `--D. (Sellinickidendrolaelaps) marylandae (Hurlbutt 1967) [=Digamasellus marylandae] FH93

Dendrolaelaps adelaideae Womersley 1954 [=Cyrtolaelaps adelaideae; incl. D. concinna Womersley 1954, C. concinna] H98

*Dendroseius scotarius (Sheals 1958) ET79 [=Digamasellus scotarius ET79, Di. reticulatus Sheals 1956 (preoc.) ET79, Dendroseius reticulatus M96]

Digamasellus punctum (Berlese 1904) LKW09, ET79 [=Gamasellus (Cyrtolaelaps) punctum FH93; incl. Gamasellus (*Digamasellus) perpusillus Berlese 1905 ET79]

Insectolaelaps quadrisetus (Berlese 1920) [=Gamasellus (Digamasellus) quadrisetus; incl. Dendrolaelaps quadrisetoides Hirschmann & Wiśniewski 1982] FH93

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[E-KO07] El-Kammah, K. M., & L. M. I. Oyoun. 2007. Taxonomic records of mite species associated with animal and poultry farms in the Nile delta, vally and N. Sinai Egypt. In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 223–232. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

[ET79] Evans, G. O., & W. M. Till. 1979. Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari-Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 35: 139–270.

[FH93] Farrier, M. H., & M. K. Hennessey. 1993. Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America: an annotated checklist with bibliography and index. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, Technical Bulletin 302: i–xvi, 1–408.

[G00] Gwiazdowicz, D. J. 2000. Description of deutonymph of Panteniphis mirandus (Acari, Rhodacaridae) from Poland. Biologia 55 (5): 465–467.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[H66] Hirschmann, W. 1966. Gangsystematik der Parasitiformes. Teil 15. Gänge von Litoralmilben und neue Litoralmilbenarten. Acarologie: Schriftenreihe für Vergleichende Milbenkunde 9: 25–44.

[K91] Koehler, H. H. 1991. The impact of aldicarb on the succession of Gamasina; a one year study. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 749–758. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[LKW09] Lindquist, E. E., G. W. Krantz & D. E. Walter. 2009. Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 124–232. Texas Tech University Press.

[L90] Luxton, M. 1990. The marine littoral mites of the New Zealand region. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 20 (4): 367–418.

[M96] Munderloh, E. 1996. Gamasina (Mesostigmata) in a dune transect at Spiekeroog (Germany, Lower Saxony). In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 589–594. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[S61] Schweizer, J. 1961. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Parasitiformes Reuter, mit 246 Arten und Varietäten und 268 meist kombinierten Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84: i–vii, 1–207.

[V25] Vitzthum, H. 1925. Fauna sumatrensis. (Beitrag no. 5). Acarinae. Supplementa Entomologica 11: 1–79.

[WI89] Walter, D. E., & E. K. Ikonen. 1989. Species, guilds, and functional groups: taxonomy and behavior in nematophagous arthropods. Journal of Nematology 21 (3): 315–327.

Last updated: 19 February 2020.