Lymexylidae

Atractocerus sp., copyright Goutham K.

Belongs within: Tenebrionoidea.

The Lymexylidae, timberworm beetles, are a group of elongate, soft-bodied insects that bore into hard wood.

Characters (from Richards & Davies 1977): Elongate with soft integument. Antennae short, more or less serrate. Maxillary palpi flabellate in male. All coxae more or less projecting. Tarsi 5-segmented, filiform. Abdomen with 6 or 7 visible sternites. Larva with enlarged prothorax and well-developed legs; 9th abdominal tergite often greatly modified but not bearing paired processes.

Lymexylidae [Lymexilidae, Lymexyloidea, Lymexylonidae]
    |--Hylecoetinae P04
    |    |--Elateroides B14
    |    |    |--E. dermestoides (Linnaeus 1761) B14
    |    |    `--E. lugubris B14
    |    `--Hylecoetus Latreille 1806 PN02
    |         |--H. dermestoides P04 [=Lymexylon (Hylocoetus) dermestoide G20]
    |         |--H. flabellicorne (Scheider 1791) P04
    |         |--H. formosanus Miwa 19356 P04
    |         `--H. lugubris Say 1835 P04
    `--+--Melittomminae P04
       |    |--Australymexylon Wheeler 1986 P04
       |    |    `--A. fuscipennis P04
       |    `--+--Protomelittomma Wheeler 1986 P04
       |       |    `--P. insulare (Fairmaire 1893) P04
       |       `--+--Melittommopsis Lane 1955 P04
       |          `--Melittomma Murray 1867 P04
       |               |--M. insulare RD77
       |               |--M. pervagus B74
       |               `--M. sericeum Harris 1838 P04
       `--+--Lymexylon Fabricius 1775 [Lymexylinae] P04
          |    |--L. amianum Kurosawa 1985 P04
          |    |--L. australe Erichs. 1842 M86
          |    `--L. navale (Linnaeus 1758) P04
          `--Atractocerinae [Atractocerini] P04
               |--Urtea Paulus 2004 P04
               |    `--*U. graeca Paulus 2004 P04
               `--+--Hymaloxylon Kurosawa 1985 P04
                  |    |--*H. quercus (Gardner 1935) [=Atractocerus quercus] P04
                  |    `--H. aspoecki Paulus 2004 P04
                  `--+--Fusicornis Philippi 1866 P04
                     |    |--F. gracilicornis Schenkling 1914 P04
                     |    |--F. tasmaniensis Lea 1917 P04
                     |    `--F. valdivianus Philippi 1866 P04
                     `--+--Arractocoetus Kurosawa 1985 P04
                        |    |--A. bicolor (Strohmeyer 1910) P04
                        |    |--A. bifasciatus (Gestro 1874) P04
                        |    |--A. blairi (Gardner 1936) P04
                        |    |--A. bruijni (Gestro 1874) P04
                        |    |--A. monticola Kurosawa 1985 P04
                        |    |--A. morio (Pascoe 1860) P04
                        |    |--A. niger (Strohmeyer 1910) P04
                        |    |--A. nipponicus (Nakane 1985) P04
                        |    |--A. siebersi (Karny 1922) P04
                        |    `--A. tonkineus (Pic 1948) P04
                        `--+--Raractocetus Kurosawa 1985 P04
                           |    |--R. emarginatus (Cast. 1836) (see below for synonymy) P04
                           |    `--R. kreuslerae (Pascoe 1864) P04
                           `--Atractocerus Palisot de Beauvois 1801 [incl. Macrogaster Thunberg 1805] P04
                                |--A. almeidei Arauto 1958 P04
                                |--A. ater Kraatz 1895 P04
                                |--A. atricollis Pic 1948 P04
                                |--A. brasiliensis Lepineux & Serville 1825 (see below for synonymy) P04
                                |--A. brevicornis (Linnaeus 1766) P04 (see below for synonymy)
                                |--A. crassicornis Clark 1931 P04
                                |--A. kreuslerae Pascoe 1864 M86
                                |--A. procerus Schenkling 1914 P04
                                |--A. reversus Walker 1858 P04
                                |--A. schenklingi Heller 1916 P04
                                |--A. termiticola Wasman 1902 P04
                                |--A. victoriensis Blackburn 1891 P04
                                `--A. wheeleri Lubkin 2003 P04

Atractocerus brasiliensis Lepineux & Serville 1825 [incl. A. antillarum Vitrac 1913, A. dipterorum Cast. 1840, A. dipterum Perty 1834, A. dipterus Brullé 1857, A. molorchoides Guérin 1844] P04

Atractocerus brevicornis (Linnaeus 1766) P04 [incl. A. abbreviatus F. 1787 P04, *Macrogaster abbreviatus P04, A. africanus Bohemann 1848 P04, A. frontalis Kl. 1855 P04, A. madagascariensis Cast. 1836 P04, A. necydaloides Palisot de Beauv. 1801 P04, Lymexylon (Atractoceros) necidaloide G20, A. pygmaeus Kraatz 1895 P04]

Raractocetus emarginatus (Cast. 1836) [incl. R. celebensis (Gestro 1874), R. debilis (Walker 1858), R. fissicollis (Fairm. 1885), R. horni (Bourgeois 1905), R. luteolus (Fairm. 1882), R. mirabilis (Miwa 1935)] P04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B14] Bouchard, P. (ed.) 2014. The Book of Beetles: A lifesize guide to six hundred of nature's gems. Ivy Press: Lewes (United Kingdom).

[B74] Britton, E. B. 1974. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers. Supplement 1974 pp. 62–89. Melbourne University Press.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[M86] Masters, G. 1886. Catalogue of the described Coleoptera of Australia. Part IV. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (2): 259–380.

[P04] Paulus, H. F. 2004. Urtea graeca nov. gen. et nov. spec., der erste Vertreter der tropischen Atractocerinae in Europa sowie eine Beschreibung von Hymaloxylon aspoecki nov. spec. aus Yunnan (China) (Coleoptera, Cucujiformia, Lymexylidae, Atractocerinae nov. status). Denisia 13: 277–290.

[PN02] Pollock, D. A., & B. B. Normark. 2002. The life cycle of Micromalthus debilis LeConte (1878) (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Micromalthidae): historical review and evolutionary perspective. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 40 (2): 105–112.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.