Raoulia

Raoulia australis, copyright Ghislain118.

Belongs within: Gnaphalieae.

Raoulia is an Australasian genus of low-growing, often mat- or cushion-forming herbs and subshrubs (Allan 1961).

Characters (from Allan 1961): Low-growing tufted or creeping and rooting herbs or subshrubs, often forming cushions or mats, with small, usually crowded leaves. Capitula heterogamous, discoid, solitary, sessile or subsessile, terminal. Phyllaries scarious to membranous, with or without radiate, usually white, tips. Receptacle small, alveolate, nude. Outer florets pistillate, filiform, 2–5-toothed. Anthers sagittate at base, cells produced into fine tails. Style-arms of disk-florets truncate and papillate. Achenes more or less oblong, glabrous to pubescent or setose to papillose. Pappus-hairs in several series, 50–150, or 15–25 in one series.

<==Raoulia Hooker 1846 A61
    |--R. subg. Raoulia BW98 [incl. R. subg. Euraoulia Beauverd 1912 A61]
    |    |--R. sect. Raoulia BW98 [incl. R. sect. Radiatae A61]
    |    |    |--*R. australis Hooker in Raoul 1846 (see below for synonymy) A61
    |    |    |--R. glabra Hooker 1853 A61
    |    |    |--R. parkii Buchan. 1882 A61
    |    |    `--R. subsericea Hooker 1853 A61
    |    `--R. sect. Eradiatae BW98
    |         |--R. albosericea Colenso 1888 BW98, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--R. apicinigra Kirk 1879 BW98, A61 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--R. beauverdii BW98
    |         |--R. cinerea Petrie 1913 A61
    |         |--R. haastii Hooker 1864 A61
    |         |--R. hookeri Allan 1961 A61
    |         |    |--R. h. var. hookeri A61
    |         |    `--R. h. var. laxa Allan 1961 A61
    |         |--R. monroi Hooker 1864 [incl. R. cheesemanii Beauverd 1912] A61
    |         `--R. tenuicaulis Hooker 1853 A61
    |              |--R. t. var. tenuicaulis A61
    |              |--R. t. var. dimorpha Allan 1961
    |              `--R. t. var. pusilla Kirk 1899 A61
    |--R. subg. Mistura Allan 1961 A61
    |    `--R. (subg. *M.) petriensis Kirk 1877 A61
    `--R. subg. Psychrophyton BW98
         |--R. sect. Acuminatae Allan 1961 A61
         |    `--R. (sect. *A.) subulata Hooker 1864 [=Psychrophyton subulatum Beauverd 1910] A61
         |--R. sect. Rotundatae BW98
         |    |--R. bryoides Hooker 1855 [=Psychrophyton bryoides Beauverd 1910] A61
         |    |--R. eximia Hooker 1864 (see below for synonymy) A61
         |    `--R. mammillaris Hooker 1864 [=Psychrophyton mammillare Beauverd 1910] A61
         |--R. sect. Trinerves BW98
         |    |--R. grandiflora Hooker 1853 (see below for synonymy) A61
         |    |--R. hectori Hooker 1864 [=Psychrophyton hectori Beauverd 1910] A61
         |    |    |--R. h. var. hectori A61
         |    |    `--R. h. var. mollis Buchan. in Kirk 1899 A61
         |    `--R. youngii (Hooker) Beauverd 1912 (see below for synonymy) A61
         `--R. sect. Truncatae BW98
              |--R. buchananii Kirk 1899 A61
              |--R. goyenii Kirk 1884 [=Psychrophyton goyeni Beauverd 1910] A61
              `--R. rubra Buchan. 1882 [=Psychrophyton rubrum Beauverd 1910] A61

Raoulia albosericea Colenso 1888 BW98, A61 [=R. australis var. albo-sericea Kirk 1899 A61, R. hookeri var. albo-sericea (Colenso) Allan 1961 A61]

Raoulia apicinigra Kirk 1879 BW98, A61 [=R. australis var. apice-nigra Kirk 1899 A61, R. hookeri var. apice-nigra (Kirk) Allan 1961 A61; incl. R. beauverdii Cockayne 1914 A61, R. monroi Beauverd 1912 non Hooker 1864 A61]

*Raoulia australis Hooker in Raoul 1846 [incl. R. australis var. lutescens Kirk 1899, R. lutescens Beauverd 1910] A61

Raoulia eximia Hooker 1864 [=Psychrophyton eximium Beauverd 1910; incl. R. brownii Kirk 1899, Haastia greenii Hooker in Kirk 1899, R. eximia var. lata Kirk 1899] A61

Raoulia grandiflora Hooker 1853 [=Psychrophyton grandiflorum Beauverd 1910; incl. Gnaphalium (Helichrysum) fasciculatum Buchan. 1877, Raoulia grandiflora var. fasciculata (Buchan.) Cheeseman 1925] A61

Raoulia youngii (Hooker) Beauverd 1912 [=Gnaphalium (Helichrysum) youngii Hooker 1864, Helichrysum youngii Kirk 1899, Psychrophyton youngii Beauverd 1910] A61

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A61] Allan, H. H. 1961. Flora of New Zealand vol. 1. Indigenous Tracheophyta: Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Filicopsida, Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones. R. E. Owen, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

[BW98] Breitwieser, I., & J. M. Ward. 1998. Leaf anatomy of Raoulia Hook. f. (Compositae, Gnaphalieae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 126: 217–235.