Camarasauromorpha

Camarasaurus lentus, from here.

Belongs within: Neosauropoda.
Contains: Titanosauria.

The Camarasauromorpha are a clade of sauropod dinosaurs that have been defined as the smallest clade containing Camarasaurus and Saltasaurus (Upchurch et al. 2004). Camarasaurus is the most common sauropod in the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America; it possessed an arched skull and blunt snout.

Characters (from Upchurch et al. 2004): Premaxillary ascending process directed dorsally over most of its length; rostral end of splenial reaching mandibular symphysis; pleurocoels in cranial dorsal centra having acute caudal ends; metacarpal I longer than metacarpal IV; length of longest metacarpal at least 40% radius length.

<==Camarasauromorpha
    |  i. s.: Chondrosteosaurus gigas Owen 1876 (n. d.) N10, UBD04
    |         Oplosaurus Gervais 1852 N10, UBD04
    |           `--O. armatus Gervais 1852 [=Hoplosaurus armatus] UBD04
    |--Lourinhasaurus Dantas, Sanz et al. 1998 R-TCA06, UBD04
    |    `--L. alenquerensis (Lapparent & Zbyszewski 1957) (see below for synonymy) UBD04
    |--Klamelisaurinae D07
    |    |--Bellusaurus Dong 1990 R-TCA06, UBD04
    |    |    `--B. sui Dong 1990 UBD04
    |    `--Klamelisaurus Zhao 1993 D07
    |         `--K. gobiensis Zhao 1993 UBD04
    |--Camarasaurus Cope 1877 (see below for synonymy) UBD04
    |    |--‘Morosaurus’ agilis Marsh 1889 UBD04
    |    |--C. grandis (Marsh 1877) (see below for synonymy) UBD04
    |    |--C. lentus (Marsh 1889) UBD04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--C. lewisi (Jensen 1988) [=Cathetosaurus lewisi] UBD04
    |    |--C. supremus Cope 1877 (see below for synonymy) UBD04
    |    `--‘Apatosaurus’ yahnahpin [=Eobrontosaurus yahnahpin] UBD04
    `--Titanosauriformes SL01
         |  i. s.: Lapparentosaurus Bonaparte 1986 UBD04
         |           `--L. madagascariensis Bonaparte 1986 UBD04
         |         Amazonsaurus RR05
         |         Tehuelchesaurus Rich, Vickers-Rich et al. 1999 RR05, UBD04
         |           `--T. benitezii Rich, Vickers-Rich et al. 1999 UBD04
         |--Titanosauria SL01
         `--Brachiosauridae UBD04
              |  i. s.: Pleurocoelus Marsh 1888 N10, UBD04 [Pleurocoelidae]
              |           |--P. altus Marsh 1888 UBD04
              |           |--P. nanus Marsh 1888 UBD04
              |           `--P. valdensis Ludekker 1889 (n. d.) UBD04
              |         Pelorosaurus Mantell 1850 N10, UBD04
              |           |--P. becklesii Mantell 1852 UBD04
              |           `--P. conybearei Mantell 1850 [=Cetiosaurus conybeari] UBD04
              |         Astrodon (n. d.) [Astrodontidae] N85
              |           `--A. johnstoni Leidy 1865 (n. d.) UBD04
              |         Eucamerotus foxi Blows 1995 N10, UBD04
              |         Sauroposeidon Wedel, Cifelli & Sanders 2000 UBD04
              |           `--S. proteles Wedel, Cifelli & Sanders 2000 UBD04
              |         Dystylosaurus Jensen 1985 UBD04
              |           `--D. edwini Jensen 1985 UBD04
              |         ‘Cetiosaurus’ humerocristatus Hulke 1874 UBD04
              |         Cedarosaurus Tidwell, Carpenter & Brooks 1999 UBD04
              |           `--C. weiskopfae Tidwell, Carpenter & Brooks 1999 UBD04
              |--Bothriospondylus Owen 1875 WS98, D07
              |    |--B. elongatus Owen 1875 (n. d.) UBD04
              |    |--B. madagascariensis Lydekker 1895 (n. d.) UBD04
              |    |--B. magnus Owen 1875 (n. d.) UBD04
              |    |--B. robustus Owen 1875 (n. d.) UBD04
              |    `--B. suffosus Owen 1875 (n. d.) UBD04
              `--+--Ornithopsis Seeley 1870 WS98, UBD04
                 |    |--O. eucamerotus Hulke 1882 (n. d.) UBD04
                 |    |--O. greppini Huene 1922 (n. d.) UBD04
                 |    |--O. hulkei Seeley 1870 UBD04
                 |    `--O. leedsi Hulke 1887 (n. d.) UBD04
                 `--Brachiosaurus Riggs 1903 WS98, UBD04 (see below for synonymy)
                      |--B. altithorax Riggs 1903 [=Giraffatitan altithorax] UBD04
                      |--B. atalaiensis Lapparent & Zbyszewski 1957 UBD04 [=Lusotitan atalaiensis D07]
                      |--B. brancai Janensch 1914 UBD04 [=Giraffatitan brancai N10; incl. B. fraasi Janensch 1914 UBD04]
                      `--B. nougaredi Lapparent 1960 UBD04

Brachiosaurus Riggs 1903 WS98, UBD04 [incl. Giraffatitan Paul 1988 UBD04, Lusotitan Teles, Antunes & Mateus 2003 D07; Brachiosaurinae]

Camarasaurus Cope 1877 [incl. Cathetosaurus Jensen 1988, Caulodon Cope 1877, Eobrontosaurus Bakker 1998, Morosaurus Marsh 1878, Uintasaurus Holland 1919; Camarasaurinae, Morosauridae] UBD04

Camarasaurus grandis (Marsh 1877) [=Apatosaurus grandis; incl. Morosaurus impar Marsh 1878, Pleurocoelus montanus Marsh 1896, M. robustus Marsh 1878] UBD04

Camarasaurus lentus (Marsh 1889) UBD04 [=Morosaurus lentus UBD04; incl. C. annae Ellinger 1950 UBD04, *Uintasaurus douglassi Holland 1919 N85, UBD04]

Camarasaurus supremus Cope 1877 [incl. Caulodon diversidens Cope 1877, Amphicoelias latus Cope 1877, Camarasaurus leptodirus Cope 1879, Caulodon leptoganus Cope 1878] UBD04

Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis (Lapparent & Zbyszewski 1957) [=Apatosaurus alenquerensis, Atlantosaurus alequerensis, Camarasaurus alequerensis] UBD04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D07] Dixon, D. 2007. The Complete Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures. Hermes House: London.

[N10] Naish, D. 2010. Tetrapod Zoology: Book One. CFZ Press: Bideford (UK).

[N85] Norman, D. 1985 (reprinted 2000). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Salamander Books: London.

[RR05] Rauhut, O. W. M., K. Remes, R. Fechner, G. Cladera & P. Puerta. 2005. Discovery of a short-necked sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period of Patagonia. Nature 435: 670–672.

[R-TCA06] Royo-Torres, R., A. Cobos & L. Alcalá. 2006. A giant European dinosaur and a new sauropod clade. Science 314: 1925–1927.

[SL01] Smith, J. B., M. C. Lamanna, K. J. Lacovara, P. Dodson, J. R. Smith, J. C. Poole, R. Giegengack & Y. Attia. 2001. A giant sauropod dinosaur from an Upper Cretaceous mangrove deposit in Egypt. Science 292: 1704–1706.

[UBD04] Upchurch, P., P. M. Barrett & P. Dodson. 2004. Sauropoda. In: Weishampel, D. B., P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (eds) The Dinosauria 2^nd ed. pp. 259–322. University of California Press: Berkeley.

[WS98] Wilson, J. A. & P. C. Sereno. 1998. Early evolution and higher-level phylogeny of sauropod dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 (2 Suppl.): 1–68.

Last updated: 6 August 2017.