Scathophaga

Yellow dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria, copyright Ryszard.

Belongs within: Scathophagidae.

Scathophaga is a genus of flies with adults predaceous on other insects and larvae primarily feeding on decaying matter such as dung, rotting seaweed or carrion (Vockeroth 2010).

Characters (from Vockeroth 2010): Palpus with several apical bristles about one-quarter as long as palpus; anepisternum almost completely haired; postcoxal bridge present or absent; scutellum with four bristles; vein R₁ bare; posteroventral apical bristle of tibia at most one-quarter as long as anteroventral apical bristle.

<==Scathophaga Meigen 1803 [incl. Scopeuma Meigen 1800 (nom. rej.)] F92
    |  i. s.: S. aldrichi V10
    |         S. amplipennis Portschinsky 1887 [=Scatophaga amplipennis] F92
    |         S. apicalis V87
    |         S. gigantea Aldrich 1932 [=Scatophaga gigantea] F92
    |         S. intermedia V87
    |         S. mellipes Coquillett 1899 [=Scatophaga mellipes; incl. Scatophaga chinensis Malloch 1935] F92
    |         S. mollis V87
    |         S. reses V10
    |         S. scybalaria (Linnaeus 1758) [=Musca scybalaria] F92
    |--+--S. obscura KP10
    |  `--S. tinctinervis KP10
    `--+--+--S. stercoraria (Linnaeus 1758) KP10, F92 (see below for synonymy)
       |  |--S. pictipennis KP10
       |  |--+--S. calida KP10
       |  |  `--Ceratinostoma ostiorum KP10
       |  `--+--S. tropicalis KP10
       |     `--+--S. furcata KP10
       |        `--+--+--S. incola KP10
       |           |  |--S. suilla (Fabriciuys 1794) KP10, F92 [=Musca suilla F92]
       |           |  `--S. taeniopa (Rondani 1887) KP10, F92 (see below for synonymy)
       |           `--+--S. cineraria KP10
       |              `--+--S. lutaria KP10
       |                 `--+--S. analis KP10
       |                    `--S. inquinata KP10
       `--+--S. litorea KP10
          `--+--Spaziphora KP10
             |    |--S. cincta KP10
             |    `--S. hydromyzina KP10
             `--+--+--Chaetosa KP10
                |  |    |--C. palpalis KP10
                |  |    `--C. punctipes KP10
                |  `--Trichopalpus KP10
                |       |--T. fraterna KP10
                |       |--T. obscurella V87
                |       `--T. obscurus F15
                `--+--Acanthocnema KP10
                   |    |--A. albibarba V87
                   |    |--A. (Clinoceroides) capillata V87
                   |    `--A. glaucescens KP10
                   `--+--Microprosopa KP10
                      |    |--M. haemorrhoidalis V87
                      |    `--M. pallidicauda KP10
                      `--Pogonota KP10
                           |--P. sahlbergi KP10
                           `--+--P. barbata KP10
                              `--Okeniella KP10
                                   |--O. caudata KP10
                                   `--O. dasyprocta V87

Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus 1758) KP10, F92 [=Musca stercoraria F92, Scopeuma stercorarium I92; incl. M. merdaria Fabricius 1794 F92, *Scathophaga merdaria F92]

Scathophaga taeniopa (Rondani 1887) KP10, F92 [=Scatophaga taeniopa F92; incl. Scatophaga ordinata Becker 1894 F92]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[F15] Ferguson, E. W. 1915. Descriptions of new Australian blood-sucking flies belonging to the family Leptidae. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 69: 233–243.

[I92] Imes, R. 1992. The Practical Entomologist. Aurum Press: London.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[V87] Vockeroth, J. R. 1987. Scathophagidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1085–1097. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[V10] Vockeroth, J. R. 2010. Scathophagidae (dung flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1267–1269. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga)

Sarcophaga dux, copyright Jean and Fred Hort.

Belongs within: Sarcophaga.

The subgenus Liosarcophaga of the genus Sarcophaga is a group of flesh flies characterised by the presence of two long lateral arms, usually bifid, on the apical plates of the paraphallus (Lopes 1959).

<==Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga Enderlein 1928) MD13, L59
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (*L.) madeirensis (Schiner 1868) [=Cynomyia madeirensis] L59
    |--S. (L.) aegyptica Salem 1935 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) aegyptica; incl. P. parkeri Rohdendorf 1937] F92
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) angarosinica Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--S. (L.) brevicornis Ho 1934 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) brevicornis] F92
    |--S. (L.) dux Thomson 1869 MD13 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) dux F92, S. misera dux L59]
    |--S. (L.) eta Johnston & Tiegs 1921 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) eta] L59
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) fedtshenkoi Rohdendorf 1969 F92
    |--S. (L.) harpax Pandellé 1896 F92 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) harpax F92, S. misera var. harpax H38]
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) hui (Ho 1936) F92
    |--S. (L.) idmais Séguy 1934 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) idmais] F92
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) jacobsoni Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) jaroschevskyi Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--S. (L.) kitaharai Miyazaki 1958 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) kitaharai; incl. P. apiciscissa Fan 1964] F92
    |--S. (L.) kobayashii Hori 1954 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) kobayashii] F92
    |--S. (L.) kohla Johnston & Tiegs 1921 MD13 [=Parasarcophaga (L.) kohla L59]
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) nanpingensis Ye 1980 F92
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) pleskei Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--‘Parasarcophaga’ (L.) portschinskyi Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--S. (L.) sigma Johnston & Tiegs 1921 MD13, L59
    `--S. (L.) tuberosa (Pandellé 1896) [=Parasarcophaga (L.) tuberosa] F92

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[H38] Hallock, H. C. 1938. New Sarcophaginae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 40 (4): 95–99.

[L59] Lopes, H. de S. 1959. A revision of Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera). Studia Ent. 2 (1–4): 33–67.

[MD13] Meiklejohn, K. A., M. Dowton, T. Pape & J. F. Wallman. 2013. A key to the Australian Sarcophagidae (Diptera) with special emphasis on Sarcophaga (sensu lato). Zootaxa 3680 (1): 148–189.

Sarcophagini

Helicophagella melanura, copyright Jinsuk Kim.

Belongs within: Sarcophaginae.
Contains: Neosarcophaga, Robineauella, Sarcophaga.

The Sarcophagini are a group of flesh flies bearing long hairs on the arista (Shewell 1987).

Characters (from Shewell 1987, as Sarcophagini + Parasarcophagini): Arista long plumose, longest rays at least as long as width of first flagellomere. Frontal rows of setae abruptly divergent at antennae. Hairs on upper part of parafacial either scattered or in single row close to eye (if latter, then gena entirely pale-haired). Prosternum narrow. Postalar wall haired in middle. Costal spine absent. Coxopleural streak absent. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton of first-instar larva with two mandibular hooks.

<==Sarcophagini [Parasarcophagini] S87
    |--Helicophagella Enderlein 1928 [Helicophagellina] F92
    |    |--*H. noverca (Rondani 1860) [=Sarcophaga noverca] F92
    |    |--H. maculata (Meigen 1835) [=Sarcophaga maculata] F92
    |    |--H. melanura (Meigen 1826) [=Sarcophaga melanura] F92
    |    `--H. rohdendorfi (Grunin 1964) [=Bellieria rohdendorfi] F92
    |--+--Harpagophalla Rohdendorf 1937 [Harpagophallina] F92
    |  |    `--H. kempi (Senior-White 1924) (see below for synonymy) F92
    |  `--+--Xanthopteriscina F92
    |     `--Sarcophaga F92
    `--+--Leucomyia Brauer & Bergenstamm 1891 [Leucomyiina] F92
       |    `--L. cinerea (Fabricius 1794) [=Musca cinerea; incl. Sarcophila alba Schiner 1868, *Leucomyia alba] F92
       |         |--L. c. cinerea F92
       |         `--L. c. dukoica Zhang & Chao 1978 F92
       `--+--Kozlovea Rohdendorf 1937 [Kozloveina] F92
          |    |--K. lopesi F92
          |    `--K. tshernovi F92
          `--+--Erwinlindneriina F92
             `--Phytosarcophagina F92

Sarcophagini incertae sedis:
  Neosarcophaga S87
  Tolucamyia sigilla S87
  Bercaeopsis S87
  Robineauella F92
  Euboettcheria volucris S87
  Paraphrissopoda S87
  Wohlfahrtiopsis utilis S87
  Neobellieria [incl. Robackina Lopes 1975, Sapromyia Roback 1954] S87
    `--N. bullata S87
  Sarcotachinella Townsend 1892 F92
    `--S. sinuata (Meigen 1826) [=Sarcophaga sinuata; incl. *Sarcotachinella intermedia Townsend 1892] F92
  Pandelleana Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    |--*P. protuberans (Pandellé 1896) [=Sarcophaga protuberans] F92
    |    |--P. p. protuberans F92
    |    `--P. p. shantungensis Yeh 1964 F92
    `--P. andaluciana Lehrer 2004 F05
  Tuberomembrana Fan 1981 F92
    `--*T. xizangensis Fan 1981 F92
  Dinemomyia Chen 1975 F92
    `--*D. nigribasicosta Chen 1975 [incl. Pierretia melania Shinonaga & Tumrasvin 1979] F92
  Burmanomyia Fan 1964 F92
    |--*B. beesoni (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga beesoni] F92
    `--B. pattoni (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga pattoni; incl. S. pilipleuris Salem 1945] F92
  Phallosphaera Rohdendorf 1938 F92
    |--*P. (Phallosphaera) konakovi Rohdendorf 1938 [incl. Sarcophaga shiroganensis Kano & Okazaki 1956] F92
    `--P. (Yunnanomyia Fan 194) F92
         |--P. (Y.) amica Ma 1964 F92
         `--P. (Y.) gravelyi (Senior-White 1924) (see below for synonymy) F92
  Kramerea Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    `--*K. schuetzei (Kramer 1909) [=Sarcophaga schuetzei] F92
  Sinonipponia Rohdendorf 1959 F92
    |--S. hervebazini (Séguy 1934) (see below for synonymy) F92
    |--S. concreata (Séguy 1934) [=Sarcophaga concreata] F92
    |--S. hainanensis (Ho 1936) [=Sarcophaga hainanensis] F92
    `--S. musashinensis (Kano & Okazaki 1956) [=Sarcophaga musashinensis] F92
  Takanoa Rohdendorf 1965 F92
    `--T. hakusana F92
  Fengia Rohdendorf 1964 F92
    `--*F. ostindicae (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga ostindicae] F92
  Horiisca Rohdendorf 1965 F92
    `--*H. hozawai (Hori 1954) [=Sarcophaga hozawai] F92
  Alisarcophaga Fan & Chen 1981 F92
    `--A. gressitti F92
  Horia Kano et al. 1967 F92
    `--*H. oitana (Hori 1955) [=Sarcophaga oitana] F92
  Hoa Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    `--*H. flexuosa (Ho 1934) [=Sarcophaga flexuosa] F92
  Iranihindia Rohdendorf 1961 F92
    |--*I. futilis (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga futilis] F92
    `--I. spinosa Li, Ye & Liu 1985 F92
  Hosarcophaga Shinonaga & Tumrasvin 1979 F92
    `--*H. serrata (Ho 1938) F92
  Phallocheira Rohdendorf 1937 F92
    `--*P. minor Rohdendorf 1937 F92
  Pterosarcophaga Ye 1981 F92
    `--*P. emeishanensis Ye 1981 F92
  Kanomyia Shinonaga & Tumrasvin 1979 F92
    `--*K. bangkokensis Shinonaga & Tumrasvin 1979 F92
  Chrysosarcophaga Townsend 1932 F92

Harpagophalla kempi (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga kempi; incl. S. (Thyrsocnema) kempioides Baranov 1931, S. sera Rohdendorf 1930, *Harpagophalla sera] F92

Phallosphaera (Yunnanomyia) gravelyi (Senior-White 1924) [=Sarcophaga gravelyi; incl. S. formosana Senior-White 1924, S. kinoshitai Hori 1954, S. longicornis Boettcher 1912 non Macquart 1843] F92

Sinonipponia hervebazini (Séguy 1934) [=Sarcophaga hervebazini; incl. Sa. erecta Ho 1934 non Engel 1924, *Sinonipponia erecta] F92

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[F05] Fernández, J. 2005. Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (IX). Graellsia 61 (2): 261–282.

[S87] Shewell, G. E. 1987. Sarcophagidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1159–1186. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

Calliphorinae

Yellow-faced blow fly Cynomya mortuorum, copyright Frank Vassen.

Belongs within: Calliphoridae.
Contains: Polleniopsis, Onesia, Bellardia, Melanomyinae, Calliphora.

The Calliphorinae are a group of blow flies that are typically metallic in coloration, though phylogenetic analysis raises the possibility they may be paraphyletic to the non-metallic Melanomyinae (Kutty et al. 2010).

Characters (from Peris & González-Mora 2004): Propleural depression, prosternum and episternal area usually hairy. Parafacials setulose in upper part. Thoracic squamula usually setulose dorsally. Costa and subcosta pilose until merger with R₁. Aedeagus with numerous denticles on surface of acrophallus. Tergite 8 and epiproct mostly separated. Epiproct and cerci black, often with microtrichia.

<==Calliphorinae [Calliphorini] VW10
    |--+--+--Bellardia KP10
    |  |  `--Melanomyinae KP10
    |  `--+--Calliphora KP10
    |     `--Cynomya Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 KP10, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
    |          |--*C. mortuorum (Linnaeus 1761) [=Musca mortuorum, *Cynophaga mortuorum] PG-M04
    |          |--C. cadaverina Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 [=Cynomyia cadaverina, *Cynomyiopsis cadaverina] PG-M04
    |          `--C. hirte Gough 1898 [=Cynomyia hirte, *Carcinomyia hirte] PG-M04
    `--Sarconesia [Toxotarsinae] KP10
         |--S. chlorogaster (Wiedemann 1830) KP10
         `--S. versicolor Bigot 1857 KP10

Calliphorinae incertae sedis:
  Tainanina Villeneuve 1926 PG-M04
    |--T. pilisquama (Senior-White 1925) F92, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
    |--T. javanica Kurahashi 1978 F92
    |--T. sarcophagoides (Malloch 1931) [=Calliphora sarcophagoides] F92
    `--T. yangchunensis Fan & Yao 1984 F92
  Onesiomima Rohdendorf 1962 PG-M04
    `--*O. pamirica Rohdendorf 1962 PG-M04
  Pseudonesia Villeneuve 1924 PG-M04
    `--*P. puberula (Zetterstedt 1838) [=Musca puberula; incl. Tachina pubicornis Zetterstedt 1938] PG-M04
  Cynomyiomima Rohdendorf 1924 [incl. Chaetocynomyia Enderlein 1933] PG-M04
    `--*C. stackelbergi Rohdendorf 1924 [incl. *Chaetocynomyia latifrons Enderlein 1933] PG-M04
  Cyanus Hall 1948 PG-M04
    `--*C. elongata (Hough 1898) [=Cynomyia elongata] PG-M04
  Xenocalliphora Malloch 1924 PG-M04
    `--*X. eudypti (Hutton 1902) [=Calliphora eudypti] PG-M04
  Ptilonesia Bezzi 1927 PG-M04
    `--*P. auronotate (Macquart 1855) [=Pollenia auronotate] PG-M04
  Australocalliphora Kurahashi 1971 PG-M04
    `--*A. onesioides (Kurahashi 1971) [=Calliphora (*Australocalliphora) onesioides] PG-M04
  Mufetiella Villeneuve 1933 PG-M04
    `--*M. grisescens (Villeneuve 1933) [=Calliphora grisescens] PG-M04
  Oceanocalliphora Kurahashi 1972 PG-M04
    `--*O. bryani (Kurahashi 1972) [=Calliphora (*Oceanocalliphora) bryani] PG-M04
  Metallicomyia Röder 1886 [=Chalcomyia Röder 1886 non Willist 1885] PG-M04
    `--*M. elegans (Röder 1886) [=*Chalcomyia elegans] PG-M04
  Mufetia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 PG-M04
    `--*M. autissiodorensis Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 PG-M04
  Pericallimyia Villeneuve 1915 (see below for synonymy) PG-M04
    |--*P. marginalis Villeneuve 1915 PG-M04
    `--‘Tachina’ westermanni Wiedemann 1819 [=*Africomusca westermanni] PG-M04
  Polleniopsis PG-M04
  Onesia PG-M04

Cynomya Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 KP10, PG-M04 [=Cyanomyia (l. c.) PG-M04, Cynomyia (l. c.) PG-M04, Cynophaga Lioy 1864 PG-M04; incl. Carcinomyia Townsend 1915 PG-M04, Cynomyiopsis Townsend 1915 PG-M04]

Pericallimyia Villeneuve 1915 [incl. Africomusca Townsend 1932, Callopisma Villeneuve 1915 (n. n.) non De Not. 1847 (ICBN)] PG-M04

Tainanina pilisquama (Senior-White 1925) F92, PG-M04 [=Pollenia pilisquama PG-M04; incl. *T. grisella Villeneuve 1926 PG-M04]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[PG-M04] Peris, S. V., & D. González-Mora. 2004. Clave de identificación para los géneros de Calliphoridae del mundo. Subfamilias con vena remigium desnuda y creación de una nueva subfamilia. Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.) 99 (1–4): 115–144.

[VW10] Vargas, J., & D. M. Wood. 2010. Calliphoridae (blow flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1297-1304. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

Melanomyinae

Melinda viridicyanea, copyright Michael Knapp.

Belongs within: Calliphorinae.

The Melanomyinae are a Holarctic group of blow flies whose larvae, where known, are parasitic on land snails (Shewell 1987).

Characters (from Peris & González-Mora 2004): Parafacials usually setose in upper part, without strong setae in lower part. Thorax coloration often metallic on black background. Prosternum often setulose. Hairiness tending to become reduced in preepisternal, prosternal, metasternal and postalar areas. Thoracic squamula usually bare dorsally (rarely with a small patch of setae). Anepimeron almost or entirely bare below. Ventral setulae on costal vein usually extending beyond fusion with R₁. Stem vein (basal section of R) dorsally bare. Apical portion of M generally not sinuous in a smooth curve. Abdomen pruinose, not usually metallic, at most slightly apparently tan, sometimes even spotted with brownish yellow anteriorly and dorsally. Male with aedeagus without denticles on ventral surface of distiphallus; cerci short and wide, hairy. End of oviscapt in female with third tergite and epiproct fused in a structure like a small tongue.

<==Melanomyinae
    |--Melanomya Rondani 1856 PG-M04 [=Melanomyia (l. c.) PG-M04; Melanomyini S87]
    |    |--*M. nana (Meigen 1826) [=Dexia nana] PG-M04
    |    |--M. bicolor SC19
    |    `--M. serva BW09
    `--Angioneurini [Angioneurinae] S87
         |--Eggisops Rondani 1862 S87, PG-M04 [=Engyops Brauer & Bergenstamm 1889 PG-M04, Engyzops Scudder 1862 PG-M04]
         |    |--*E. pechiolii Rondani 1862 PG-M04
         |    `--E. petiolata PG-M04
         |--Opsodexia Townsend 1915 S87, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--O. serva (Walker 1852) S87, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--‘Chaetona’ flavipennis Coquillet 1902 [=*Phalacrodexia flavipennis] PG-M04
         |    `--‘Chaetona’ grisea Coquillet 1899 [incl. *Opelodexia artata Reinhard 1945] PG-M04
         |--Angioneura Brauer & Bergenstamm 1893 (see below for synonymy) PG-M04
         |    |--‘Medoria’ acerba Meigen 1838 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--A. abdominalis (Reinhard 1929) SC19, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
         |    |--A. cyrtoneurina (Zetterstedt 1959) [=Tachina curtoneurina, *Angineurilla curtoneurina] PG-M04
         |    |--A. obscura (Townsend 1919) S87, PG-M04 [=*Opelousia obscura PG-M04]
         |    `--A. xinjiangensis PG-M04
         `--Melinda Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 S87, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
              |--M. cognata (Meigen 1830) A71, PG-M04 (see below for synonymy)
              |--M. dasysternita Chen, Deng & Fan in Fan 1992 F92
              |--M. gentilis Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 [=*Xerophilophaga gentilis] PG-M04
              |--M. gibbosa Chen, Deng & Fan in Fan 1992 F92
              |--M. gonggashanensis Chen & Fan 1992 F92
              |--M. io (Kurahashi 1965) [=Paradichosia io] F92
              |--M. maai Kurahashi 1970 F92
              |--M. nigra (Kurahashi 1965) [=Paradichosia nigra] F92
              |--M. nigrella Chen, Li & Zhang 1988 F92
              |--M. septentrionalis Xue 1983 F92
              |--‘*Neomelinda’ sumatrana Malloch 1927 PG-M04
              |--M. viridicyanea Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 KP10
              `--‘*Paurothrix’ xiphophora Bezzi 1927 PG-M04

Melanomyinae incertae sedis:
  Tricycleopsis Villeneuve 1927 [incl. Pseudocalliphora Malloch 1927] PG-M04
    `--*T. paradoxa Villeneuve 1927 [incl. Calliphora (*Pseudocalliphora) semifulva Malloch 1927] PG-M04
  Glutoxys Aldrich 1929 PG-M04
    `--*G. elegans Aldrich 1929 PG-M04
  Paradichosia Senior-White 1923 PG-M04
    |--*P. scutellata Senior-White 1923 PG-M04
    |--P. blaesostylata Feng, Chen & Fan in Fan 1992 F92
    |--P. brachyphalla Feng, Chen & Fan in Fan 1992 F92
    |--P. chuanbeiensis Chen & Fan 1992 F92
    |--P. crinitarsis Villeneuve 1927 F92
    |--P. hunanensis Chen, Zhang & Fan in Fan 1992 F92
    |--P. kangdingensis Chen & Fan 1992 F92
    |--P. nigricans Villeneuve 1927 F92
    |--P. tsukamotoi (Kano 1962) [=Melinda tsukamotoi] F92
    `--P. vanemdeni (Kurahashi 1970) F92
  Pseudopsodexia Townsend 1935 PG-M04
    `--*P. cruciata Townsend 1935 PG-M04
  Gymnadichosia Villeneuve 1927 PG-M04
    `--*G. pusilla Villeneuve 1927 PG-M04
         |--G. p. pusilla F92
         `--G. p. tribulis Villeneuve 1933 F92
  Pollenomyia Séguy 1935 PG-M04
    |--*P. sinensis Séguy 1935 PG-M04 [=Pollenia sinensis PG-M04; incl. Melinda itoi Kano 1962 F92]
    |--P. falciloba (Hsue 1979) [=Paradichosia falciloba] F92
    `--P. okazakii (Kano 1962) [=Melinda okazakii] F92

Angioneura Brauer & Bergenstamm 1893 [incl. Angineurilla Villeneuve 1924, Opelousia Townsend 1919, Opsodexiopsis Townsend 1935] PG-M04

Angioneura abdominalis (Reinhard 1929) SC19, PG-M04 [=Opsodexia abdominalis PG-M04, *Opsodexiopsis abdominalis PG-M04]

‘Medoria’ acerba Meigen 1838 [incl. Myobia vetusta Brauer & Bergenstamm 1891, *Angioneura vetusta] PG-M04

Melinda Robineau-Desvoidy 1830 S87, PG-M04 [incl. Melania Blainville 1820 non Lamarck 1799 PG-M04, Neomelinda Malloch 1927 PG-M04, Paurothrix Bezzi 1927 PG-M04, Xerophilophaga Enderlein 1933 PG-M04]

Melinda cognata (Meigen 1830) A71, PG-M04 [=Musca cognata PG-M04; incl. Mu. coerulea Meigen 1826 non Wiedemann 1819 PG-M04, *Melinda coerulea PG-M04]

Opsodexia Townsend 1915 S87, PG-M04 [incl. Phalacrodexia Townsend 1915 PG-M04, Opelodexia Reinhard 1945 PG-M04]

Opsodexia serva (Walker 1852) S87, PG-M04 [=Musca serva PG-M04; incl. Chaetona bicolor Coquillet 1898 PG-M04, *Opsodexia bicolor PG-M04]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[BW09] Buck, M., N. E. Woodley, A. Borkent, D. M. Wood, T. Pape, J. R. Vockeroth, V. Michelsen & S. A. Marshall. 2009. Key to Diptera families—adults. In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 1 pp. 95–156. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[F92] Fan Z. 1992. Key to the Common Flies of China 2^nd ed. Science Press: Beijing.

[KP10] Kutty, S. N., T. Pape, B. M. Wiegmann & R. Meier. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly. Systematic Entomology 35: 614–635.

[PG-M04] Peris, S. V. & D. González-Mora. 2004. Clave de identificación para los géneros de Calliphoridae del mundo. Subfamilias con vena remigium desnuda y creación de una nueva subfamilia. Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.) 99 (1–4): 115–144.

[S87] Shewell, G. E. 1987. Calliphoridae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1133–1145. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

[SC19] Stireman, J. O., III, P. Cerretti, J. E. O'Hara, J. D. Blaschke & J. K. Moulton. 2019. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of world Tachinidae (Diptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 139: 106358.

Liriomyza

Liriomyza pusilla, copyright Aleksandrs Balodis.

Belongs within: Agromyzidae.

Liriomyza is a diverse genus of leaf-mining flies feeding on a wide range of plant hosts, with the highest diversity of species found in northern temperate regions (Boucher 2010).

Characters (from Boucher 2010): Frons and scutellum usually bright yellow (either or both occasionally dark); lunule not especially high or large; three (sometimes two) postsutural and one presutural dorsocentral bristles; M₁ ending closer to wing tip than R₄₊₅; knob of halter completely white or yellow; male usually with stridulatory mechanism on membrane connecting abdominal tergites and sternites; surstylus usually present, with one or two (rarely three) spines and sometimes few weak hairs; epandrium often with one or two (sometimes more) spines at posteroventral margin, or conspicuously sclerotised on inner margin.

<==Liriomyza [incl. Praspedomyza] S87
    |--L. arctii B10
    |--L. brassicae B88
    |--L. chenopodii M83
    |--L. cortesi B10
    |--L. fricki S87
    |--L. galiivora S87
    |--L. helichrysi B88
    |--L. huidobrensis B10
    |--L. philadelphivora S87
    |--L. pusilla RD77
    |--L. septentrionalis B10
    |--L. sativae B10
    |--L. schmidti S87
    |--L. singula S87
    `--L. trifolii B10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[B10] Boucher, S. 2010. Agromyzidae (leaf-mining flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1057–1071. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[M83] Martin, N. A. 1983. Miscellaneous observations on a pasture fauna: an annotated species list. DSIR Entomology Division Report 3: 1–98.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[S87] Spencer, K. A. 1987. Agromyzidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 869–879. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.

Cerodontha

Cerodontha sp., copyright Steve Kerr.

Belongs within: Agromyzidae.

Cerodontha is a genus of leaf-mining flies that develop on species of Monocotyledoneae. The genus is characterised by the presence in the male terminalia of L-shaped subepandrial sclerites (Boucher 2010).

<==Cerodontha B10
    |  i. s.: C. australis [=C. denticornis] M83
    |         C. flavocingulata S87
    |         C. frankensis S87
    |         C. robusta CM91
    |         C. scirpivora S87
    |--C. (Cerodontha) dorsalis B10
    |--C. (Dizygomyza) B10
    |    |--‘Dizygomyza’ cambii [=Phytobia cambii] RD77
    |    `--C. (D.) luctuosa B10
    `--C. (Poemyza) B10
         |--C. (P.) muscina B10
         `--C. (P.) pygmaea B10

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B10] Boucher, S. 2010. Agromyzidae (leaf-mining flies). In: Brown, B. V., A. Borkent, J. M. Cumming, D. M. Wood, N. E. Woodley & M. A. Zumbado (eds) Manual of Central American Diptera vol. 2 pp. 1057–1071. NRC Research Press: Ottawa.

[CM91] Colless, D. H., & D. K. McAlpine. 1991. Diptera (flies). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 717–786. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[M83] Martin, N. A. 1983. Miscellaneous observations on a pasture fauna: an annotated species list. DSIR Entomology Division Report 3: 1–98.

[RD77] Richards, O. W., & R. G. Davies. 1977. Imms' General Textbook of Entomology 10^th ed. vol. 2. Classification and Biology. Chapman and Hall: London.

[S87] Spencer, K. A. 1987. Agromyzidae. In: McAlpine, J. F. (ed.) Manual of Nearctic Diptera vol. 2 pp. 869–879. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada.