Languriinae

Hapalips prolixus, copyright Epitree.

Belongs within: Cucujoidea.

The Languriinae are a predominantly phytophagous group of beetles whose larvae are often stem borers.

Characters (from Leschen 2003): Subapical serrations of mandible absent; lacinia usually with three lacinial spines (occasionally two); lateral pockets absent on mentum; medial carina of mentum usually present; apical labial palpomere not securiform, width greater than or equal to its length; width of ligular membrane equal to or greater than prementum; transverse gular line usually present, usually as a deep groove; antennal insertion usually hidden in dorsal view; supraocular line absent or present usually to level above or beyond eye; transverse line absent on vertex of head; two (exceptionally one) stridulatory files present or absent on vertex of the head; pronotum not constricted at base; anterior angles of pronotum well or poorly developed; anterior margin of prosternum serrate or not; pronotal pits usually present; glandular ducts usually present below or in the lateral carina of pronotum and usually unitubulate; prosternal glandular ducts present or absent; procoxal cavity internally closed; procoxal cavity spartially or completely open behind, closure by prosternum and hypomeron or by hypomeron; edge of hypomeron usually smooth; mesoventral glandular ducts present or absent; mesepisternal fovea present or absent; mesometaventral articulation monocondylic; width of mesoventral process usually narrower than mesocoxa; submesocoxal lines present or absent; metaventral pores absent or present; metepisternal ctenidium present or absent; abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 usually free; abdominal glandular ducts usually present at disk and margin; abdominal calli usually present; metafurcal lamina usually present with median stalk of metendosternite well developed; form of spermatheca rounded or elongate; apical pit of spermatheca present or absent; accessory gland of spermatheca usually present; length of tarsomere 1 usually equal to, or sometimes longer than, tarsomere 2; tarsomere 4 reduced and hidden in ventral view; tarsal shelf of tarsomere 5 present or absent; empodium with one, two, or lacking setae; elytral punctation usually striate with scutellary striole present or absent; elytra usually narrowly explanate; radial cell and wedge cell of hind wing usually present.

<==Languriinae
    |  i. s.: Caenolanguria vulgaris LB91
    |--Hapalipini L03
    |    |--Bolerus minutus L03
    |    `--+--Truquiella gibbifera L03
    |       `--Hapalips Reitter 1877 (see below for synonymy) L03
    |            |--*H. mexicanus Reitter 1877 L03
    |            |--H. cribricollis L03
    |            |--H. eichelbaumi L03
    |            |--H. filum L03
    |            |--H. fuscus Reitter 1877 [=H. (*Cavophorus) fuscus] L03
    |            |--H. grouvelli L03
    |            |--H. investigatus Leschen & Wegrzynowicz 1998 [=*Isolanguria fusca Lea 1929 non Reitter 1877] L03
    |            |--H. nitidulus L03
    |            |--H. prolixus Sharp 1876 [=Xenoscelis prolixus, H. (Xenosceloides) prolixus] L03
    |            |--H. scotti L03
    |            `--‘*Loberina’ taprobanae Grouvelle 1902 L03
    `--+--Thallisellini L03
       |    |--+--Acryptophagus L03
       |    |  `--Pseudhapalips L03
       |    `--+--Platoberus latus L03
       |       `--Thallisella Crotch 1876 L03
       |            `--T. crotchi L03
       `--Languriini L03
            |  i. s.: Promecolanguria L03
            |           |--P. marshalli Gorh. 1900 G01
            |           |--P. natalensis Gorham 1901 G01
            |           `--P. trogositoides Gorh. 1900 G01
            |--Microlanguria jansoni L03
            `--+--Crotchia hondurana L03
               `--+--+--Cladoxena Motschulsky 1866 [Cladoxenini] L03
                  |  |    `--C. maculata L03
                  |  `--Paracladoxena L03
                  |       |--P. abundans L03
                  |       |--P. bipustulata L03
                  |       `--P. flavicornis L03
                  `--+--Penolanguria L03
                     `--+--Neoloberolus Leschen 2003 L03
                        |    `--*N. cursor (Grouvelle 1919) [=Loberolus cursor] L03
                        `--+--Dasydactylus L03
                           `--+--Nomotus L03
                              `--+--Anadastus harmandi L03
                                 `--Languria Latreille 1802 L03
                                      |--L. bicolor G20
                                      |--L. mozardi L03
                                      |--L. ruficollis L02
                                      |--L. thoracica Boisduval 1835 B35
                                      `--L. trifasciata L03

Hapalips Reitter 1877 [incl. Cavophorus Sen Gupta 1968, Isolanguria Lea 1929, Loberina Grouvelle 1902, Xenosceloides Sen Gupta 1968] L03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[G20] Goldfuss, G. A. 1820. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte vol. 3. Handbuch der Zoologie pt 1. Johann Leonhard Schrag: Nürnberg.

[G01] Gorham, H. S. 1901. Descriptions of genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 349–365.

[L02] Latreille, P. A. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière des crustacés et des insectes vol. 3. Familles naturelles des genres. F. Dufart: Paris.

[LB91] Lawrence, J. F., & E. B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (beetles). In: CSIRO. The Insects of Australia: A textbook for students and research workers 2^nd ed. vol. 2 pp. 543–683. Melbourne University Press: Carlton (Victoria).

[L03] Leschen, R. A. B. 2003. Erotylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cucujoidea): phylogeny and review. Fauna of New Zealand 47: 1–108.