Chilocorini

Orange-spotted ladybird Orcus australasiae, from Brisbane Insects.

Belongs within: Coccinellidae.

The Chilocorini are a cosmopolitan group of ladybird beetles in which the antennal insertions are hidden between an expanded clypeus, and the tarsi are four-segmented (Ślipiński 2007).

Characters (from Ślipiński 2007): Body small to moderately large (2–8 mm) with head in repose somewhat inserted into prothorax and usually directed downwards; dorsum usually without apparent vestiture. Head transverse, ventrally flattened; clypeus variously expanded laterally forming a shelf entirely covering antennal insertions. Mandible strong, triangular with single apical tooth and heavily developed molar denticle; maxillary palp moderately long, terminal palpomere parallel-sided, weakly expanded to securiform; labial palp distinctly separated at base and inserted on ventral side of prementum. Antenna very short, 7–10-segmented with fusiform three-segmented club. Prosternum simple, moderately elongate in front of coxae; prosternal process narrow, parallel-sided. Wings with large anal lobe. Elytral punctures irregular, never in apparent rows; epipleuron broad and complete to apex, often with foveae that receive apex of femora. Abdomen with five or six ventrites; postcoxal line at abdominal ventrite 1 variable, without associated pits and pores. Male genitalia with tegmen symmetrical, penis guide sometimes asymmetrical, parameres well developed and setose apically; penis a simple, single sclerite with large basal capsule. Coxites triangular, lightly sclerotised, usually bearing short styli; bursa copulatrix with infundibulum or fleshy lobe with sperm duct composed of two parts of different diameters; spermatheca sclerotised, bean-shaped without ramus, with large accessory gland.

<==Chilocorini S07
    |--Trichorcus Blackburn 1892 S07
    |    `--*T. cinctus Blackburn 1892 S07
    |--Exochomus Redtenbacher 1844 S07
    |    |--*E. quadripustulatus (Linnaeus 1758) [=Coccinella quadripustulata, E. quatuorpustulatus] S07
    |    |--E. flavipes C01
    |    |--E. justitiae Gorham 1901 G01
    |    |--E. nigromaculatus [=Coccinella nigromaculata; incl. E. auritus] G01
    |    `--E. uropygialis [=Brumus uropygialis] G01
    |--Brumoides Chapin 1965 S07
    |    |--*B. suturalis (Fabricius 1798) [=Coccinella suturalis, Brumus suturalis] S07
    |    |--B. maculatus (Pope 1954) [=Brumus maculatus] S07
    |    `--B. piae Ślipiński & Giorgi 2006 S07
    |--Halmus Mulsant 1850 S07
    |    |--*H. chalybeus (Boisduval 1835) S07 [=Coccinella chalybea S07; incl. Chilocorus cyaneus B35]
    |    |--H. coelestris (Blackburn 1891) (see below for synonymy) S07
    |    |--H. cupripennis Weise 1923 S07
    |    |--H. evelynensis (Weise 1923) [=Orcus evelynensis] S07
    |    |--H. hilli Ślipiński & Giorgi 2006 S07
    |    `--H. viridis Ślipiński & Giorgi 2006 S07
    |--Chilocorus Leach 1815 S07
    |    |--*C. cacti (Linnaeus 1767) [=Coccinella cacti] S07
    |    |--C. circumdatus (Gyllenhal in Schönherr 1808) [=Coccinella circumdatus] S07
    |    |--C. cruentus Gorham 1901 G01
    |    |--C. marshalli Gorham 1901 G01
    |    |--C. distigma [=Coccinella distigma] G89
    |    |--C. maculatus Ślipiński & Giorgi 2006 S07
    |    |--C. malasiae Crotch 1874 (see below for synonymy) S07
    |    |--C. micrus Ślipiński & Giorgi 2006 S07
    |    |--C. nigrita S07
    |    `--C. schioedtei S07
    `--Orcus Mulsant 1850 [incl. Parapriasus Chapin 1965, Priasus Mulsant 1850] S07
         |--*O. janthinus Mulsant 1850 S07
         |--O. australasiae (Boisduval 1835) (see below for synonymy) S07
         |--O. bilunulatus (Boisduval 1835) [=Coccinella bilunulata, O. (*Priasus) bilunulatus] S07
         |--O. chalybeus O81
         |--O. citri Lea 1902 [incl. O. coxalis Weise 1918] S07
         |--O. cyanocephalus Mulsant 1850 [incl. O. lecanii Blackburn 1895, O. purpureotinctus Lea 1902] S07
         |--O. lafertei Mulsant 1853 S07
         |--O. nummularis (Boisduval 1835) [=Coccinella nummularis] S07
         |--O. obscurus Blackburn 1892 [=O. australasiae var. obscurus] S07
         |--O. pustulatus Blackburn 1892 S07
         `--O. quadrimaculatus Gadeau de Kerville 1884 S07

Chilocorus malasiae Crotch 1874 [incl. C. australasiae Gadeau de Kerville 1884, C. baileyi Blackburn 1890, C. diadema Weise 1898, C. flavidus Blackburn 1892, C. nasicornis Korschefsky 1944] S07

Halmus coelestris (Blackburn 1891) [=Orcus coelestris; incl. O. clypeatus Weise 1923, O. ovalis Blackburn 1892, O. splendens Blackburn 1892] S07

Orcus australasiae (Boisduval 1835) [=Coccinella australasiae, *Parapriasus australasiae; incl. Orcus australasiae var. quadrinotatus Lea 1902] S07

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B35] Boisduval, J. B. 1835. Voyage de Découvertes de l’Astrolabe. Exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826–1827–1828–1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage vol. 2. Coléoptères et autres ordres. J. Tastu: Paris.

[C01] Csiki, E. 1901. Bogarak [Coleopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 75–120. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[G89] Gestro, R. 1889. Viaggio ab Assab nel Mar Rosso dei signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso «Esploratore» dal 16 Novembre 1879 al 26 Febbraio 1880.—IV. Coleotteri. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2^a, 7: 5–72.

[G01] Gorham, H. S. 1901. Descriptions of genera and species of Coleoptera from South Africa (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 7, 7: 401–415.

[O81] O’Brien, C. O. 1981. A. A. Book of New Zealand Wildlife: A guide to the native and introduced animals of New Zealand. Lansdowne Press: Auckland.

[S07] Ślipiński, A. 2007. Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.