Epialtidae

Halimeda crab Huenia heraldica, copyright Erwin Kodiat.

Belongs within: Heterotremata.

The Epialtidae are a group of spider crabs with a typically triangular carapace and a covering of hooked hairs that accumulate sediment and other debris for camouflage.

<==Epialtidae [Epialtinae]
    |--Austrolibinia gracilipes (Miers 1879) MG-H11
    |--Griffinia lappacea (Rathbun 1918) MG-H11
    |--Hyastenus convexus Miers 1884 MG-H11
    |--Lahaina agassizii (Rathbun 1902) MG-H11
    |--Naxoides MG-H11
    |    |--N. robillardi (Miers 1882) MG-H11
    |    |--N. taurus (Pocock 1890) MG-H11
    |    `--N. tenuirostris (Haswell 1880) MG-H11
    |--Oxypleurodon wilsoni Richer de Forges & Poore 2008 MG-H11
    |--Phalangipus MG-H11
    |    |--P. filiformis Rathbun 1916 MG-H11
    |    `--P. hystrix (Miers 1886) MG-H11
    |--Rochinia MG-H11
    |    |--R. annae Richer de Forges & Poore 2008 MG-H11
    |    |--R. carinata Griffin & Tranter 1986 MG-H11
    |    `--R. strangeri Serène & Lohavanijaya 1973 MG-H11
    |--Epialtus brasiliensis (Dana 1852) TF08
    |--Perinea tumida Dana 1852 TSH09
    |--Menaethius TSH09
    |    |--M. monoceros (Latreille 1825) TSH09
    |    `--M. orientalis (Sakai 1969) TSH09
    `--Huenia TSH09
         |--H. bifurcata Streets 1870 B64
         |--H. brevifrons (Ward 1941) TSH09
         |--H. heraldica (De Haan 1837) TSH09
         `--H. proteus B64

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B64] Bennett, E. W. 1964. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Crustacea Brachyura. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 153: 1–120.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[TF08] Teixeira, G. M., V. Fransozo, A. L. Castilho, R. C. da Costa & F. A. d. M. Freire. 2008. Size distribution and sex ration in the spider crab Epialtus brasiliensis (Dana 1852) associated with seaweed on a rocky shore in southeastern Brazil (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea, Epialtidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 88 (2): 169–175.

[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.

Calappidae

Knobby box crab Calappa gallus, copyright Teresa Zuberbühler.

Belongs within: Heterotremata.

The Calappidae are a small group of crabs with a broadened carapace, and heavily developed and flattened chelipeds that they use to burrow into sandy substrates.

<==Calappidae
    |--Mursia MG-H11
    |    |--M. australiensis Campbell 1971 MG-H11
    |    `--M. microspina Davie & Short 1989 MG-H11
    `--Calappa Weber 1795 CA04
         |--C. calappa (Linnaeus 1758) TSH09
         |--C. depressa Miers 1886 MG-H11
         |--C. gallus (Herbst 1803) TSH09
         |--C. granulata (Linnaeus 1758) KK03
         |--C. hepatica (Linnaeus 1758) TSH09
         |--C. lophos (Herbst 1785) MG-H11
         `--C. pustulosa Alcock 1896 MG-H11

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CA04] Casadío, S., A. de Angeli, R. M. Feldmann, A. Garassino, J. L. Hetler, A. Parras & C. E. Schweitzer. 2004. New decapod crustaceans (Thalassinidea, Galatheoidea, Brachyura) from the Middle Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Carnegie Museum 73 (2): 25–47.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.

Goneplacidae

Ommatocarcinus macgillivrayi, from Macgillivray 1852.

Belongs within: Heterotremata.

The Goneplacidae has long been recognised as a somewhat poorly defined grouping of crabs of small to medium size.

Characters (from Davie 2002): Carapace hexagonal, transversely rectangular, trapezoidal, or transversely ovate; dorsal surface more or less convex, typically smooth, regions poorly defined; frontal margin usually entire, sometimes bi- to multilobate; anterolateral margins usually armed with 1-4 teeth or lobes, but sometimes entire. Orbits complete, may be moderately or greatly elongate. Interantennular septum typically narrow. Antenna folding obliquely or transversely. Third maxillipeds with carpus articulating at or near antero-internal angle of merus. Ambulatory legs gressorial, not broadly flattened for swimming. Male abdomen with seven free segments or with segments 3–5 fused and immovable. Male first gonopod moderately stout, weakly curved or sinuous; second gonopod short or long, but usually shorter than first. Male genital openings sternal or sterno-coxal, with vas deferens passing along open or closed groove in sternum.

<==Goneplacidae
    |  i. s.: Neogoneplax renoculis (Rathbun 1914) MG-H11
    |         Notonyx nitidus Milne Edwards 1873 MG-H11
    |         Paragoneplax serenei (Zarenkov 1972) MG-H11
    |         Platypilumnus soelae Garth 1987 MG-H11
    |         Psopheticus stridulans Wood-Mason 1892 MG-H11
    |         Pycnoplax MG-H11
    |           |--P. bispinosa (Rathbun 1914) MG-H11
    |           |--P. meridionalis (Rathbun 1923) MG-H11
    |           `--P. victoriensis Rathbun 1923 MG-H11
    |--Galenopsis Milne Edwards 1865 [Euryplacinae] CA04
    |--Rhizopinae B68
    |--Prionoplacinae B68
    |    |--Prionoplax B68
    |    `--Tetraplax B68
    `--Goneplacinae [Carcinoplacinae] B68
         |--Heteroplax B68
         |--Goneplax Leach in Brewster 1814 B64
         |    `--G. rhomboides (Linnaeus 1758) KK03 [incl. G. angulatus H15]
         |--Carcinoplax TSH09
         |    `--‘Galene’ proavita Glaessner 1960 CA04
         `--Ommatocarcinus White 1852 B64
              |--O. arenicola B68
              |--O. corioensis (Cresswell 1886) B64
              |--O. fibriophthalmus Yokoya 1933 B64
              |--O. macgillivrayi White 1852 [incl. O. huttoni Filhol 1886] B64
              `--O. orientalis Tesch 1918 B64

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B68] Barnes, R. S. K. 1968. On the evolution of elongate ocular peduncles by the Brachyura. Systematic Zoology 17 (2): 182–187.

[B64] Bennett, E. W. 1964. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Crustacea Brachyura. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin 153: 1–120.

[CA04] Casadío, S., A. de Angeli, R. M. Feldmann, A. Garassino, J. L. Hetler, A. Parras & C. E. Schweitzer. 2004. New decapod crustaceans (Thalassinidea, Galatheoidea, Brachyura) from the Middle Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina. Annals of Carnegie Museum 73 (2): 25–47.

Davie, P. J. F. 2002. Zoological Catalogue of Australia vol. 19.3B. Crustacea: Malacostraca: Eucarida (Part 2). Decapoda—Anomura, Brachyura. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[H15] Harmer, S. F. 1915. The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition—Part I. Entoprocta, Ctenostomata and Cyclostomata. E. J. Brill: Leyden.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[TSH09] Titelius, M. A., A. Sampey & C. G. Hass. 2009. Crustaceans of Mermaid (Rowley Shoals), Scott and Seringapatam Reefs, north Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 77: 145–176.

Penaeidae

Giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon, copyright CSIRO.

Belongs within: Decapoda.

The Penaeidae are a group of dendrobrachiate prawns in which the postrostral carina is reduced or absent on the posterior third of the carapace, being absent near the posterior margin or lacking any teeth in its posterior half. Members of the genus Penaeus are distinguished by the presence of ventral teeth on the rostrum (Huff & Cobb 1979).

<==Penaeidae [Penaeinae]
    |--Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller 1869) HC79
    |--Trachypenaeopsis mobilispinis (Rathbun 1919) HC79
    |--Trachysalambria curvirostris (Stimpson 1860) HM03, KK03
    |--Rimapenaeus constrictus (Stimpson 1874) BF07
    |--Bombur Münster 1839 BWW93
    |--Antrimpos Münster 1839 BWW93
    |    `--A. atavus BWW93
    |--Trachypenaeus Alcock 1901 HC79
    |    |--T. constrictus (Stimpson 1871) (see below for synonymy) HC79
    |    |--T. curvirostris (Stimpson 1860) MG-H11
    |    `--T. similis Smith 1885 HC79
    |--Parapenaeus MG-H11
    |    |--P. australiensis Dall 1957 MG-H11
    |    |--P. fissuroides Crosnier 1985 MG-H11
    |    |--P. fissurus (Bate 1881) MG-H11
    |    |--P. longipes Alcock 1905 MG-H11
    |    |--P. longirostris (Lucas 1849) HC79
    |    |--P. murrayi Ramandan 1938 MG-H11
    |    `--P. sextuberculatus Kubo 1949 MG-H11
    |--Melicertus CB02
    |    |--M. canaliculatus (Olivier 1811) CB02
    |    |--M. kerathurus (Forsskål 1775) KK03
    |    |--M. latisulcatus (Krishinouye 1896) CB02
    |    |--M. longistylus (Kubo 1943) CB02
    |    |--M. marginatus (Randall 1840) CB02
    |    |--M. plebejus (Hess 1856) CB02
    |    `--M. similis Chanda & Bhattacharya 2002 CB02
    |--Metapenaeopsis Bouvier 1905 HC79
    |    |--M. crassisima Racek & Dall 1965 MG-H11
    |    |--M. difficilis Crosnier 1991 MG-H11
    |    |--M. gerardoi Pérez Farfante 1971 HC79
    |    |--M. goodei (Smith 1885) (see below for synonymy) HC79
    |    |--M. rosea Racek & Dall 1965 MG-H11
    |    |--M. smithi (Schmitt 1924) HC79
    |    |--M. vaillanti (Nobili 1904) MG-H11
    |    `--M. velutina (Dana 1852) MG-H11
    |--Metapenaeus Wood-Mason & Alcock 1891 KW70a
    |    |--*M. affinis (Milne Edwards 1837) KW70a (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--M. bennettae KW70b
    |    |--M. brevicornis KW70a
    |    |--M. burkenroadi Kubo 1954 R57
    |    |--M. conjunctus KW70a
    |    |--M. dalli Racek 1957 R57
    |    |--M. demani KW70a
    |    |--M. dobsoni KW70a
    |    |--M. eboracensis KW70a
    |    |--M. elegans [incl. M. singaporensis] KW70a
    |    |--M. endeavouri KW70a
    |    |--M. ensis [incl. M. incisipes, M. mastersii] KW70a
    |    |--M. insolitus KW70a
    |    |--M. intermedius KW70a
    |    |--M. joyneri KW70a
    |    |--M. lysianassa KW70a
    |    |--M. macleayi (Haswell 1879) (see below for synonymy) KW70a
    |    |--M. mastersii Racek 1955 R57
    |    |--M. monoceros (Fabricius 1798) DAS03
    |    |--M. papuensis KW70a
    |    |--M. stebbingi Nobili 1904 KK03
    |    |--M. suluensis KW70a
    |    `--M. tenuipes [incl. M. spinulatus] KW70a
    `--Penaeus Fabricius 1798 KW70b
         |--*P. monodon Fabricius 1798 [incl. P. carinatus] KW70b
         |--P. aztecus Ives 1891 HC79
         |--P. brasiliensis Latreille 1817 HC79
         |--P. brevirostris KW70b
         |--P. californiensis KW70b
         |--P. duorarum Burkenroad 1939 HC79
         |--P. esculentus KW70b
         |--P. gracilirostris KW70b
         |--P. indicus Milne Edwards 1837 H86
         |--P. japonicus KW70b
         |--P. kerathurus PP64
         |--P. latisulcatus KW70b
         |--P. longirostris Lucas 1846 E12
         |--P. longistylus KW70b
         |--P. marginatus KW70b
         |--P. merguiensis KW70b
         |--P. muelleri H04
         |--P. notialis Pérez Farfante 1967 HC79
         |--P. occidentalis KW70b
         |--P. orientalis KW70b
         |--P. penicillatus KW70b
         |--P. plebejus Hess 1865 (see below for synonymy) KW70b
         |--P. semisulcatus De Haan 1842 KK03
         |--P. setiferus (Linnaeus 1767) HC79
         |--P. stylirostris KW70b
         |--P. teraoi KW70b
         `--P. vannamei KW70b

Metapenaeopsis goodei (Smith 1885) [=Parapenaeus goodei, Penaeopsis goodei; incl. Parapenaeopsis rathbuni Bouvier 1905, Archipenaeopsis vestitus Bouvier 1905] HC79

*Metapenaeus affinis (Milne Edwards 1837) KW70a [=Penaeus affinis KW70a, Penaeopsis affinis R57; incl. M. mutatus KW70a, M. necopinans KW70a]

Metapenaeus macleayi (Haswell 1879) [=Penaeus macleayi, Penaeopsis macleayi; incl. Penaeus haswelli Phillips 1925] KW70a

Penaeus plebejus Hess 1865 [incl. P. canaliculatus var. australiensis Bate 1888, P. canaliculatus Haswell 1879, P. maccullochi Schmitt 1926] KW70b

Trachypenaeus constrictus (Stimpson 1871) [=Penaeus constrictus, Parapenaeus constrictus, Trachypeneus (l. c.) constrictus] HC79

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[BF07] Braga, A. A., A. Fransozo, G. Bertini & P. B. Fumis. 2007. Bathymetric distribution and recruitment of the spider crab Libinia spinosa H. Milne Edwards 1834 in the Ubatuba and Caraguatatuba regions, northern coast of São Paulo, Brazil (Crustacea, Brachyura, Majoidea, Pisidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 87 (1): 7–16.

[BWW93] Briggs, D. E. G., M. J. Weedon & M. A. Whyte. 1993. Arthropoda (Crustacea excluding Ostracoda). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 321–342. Chapman & Hall: London.

[CB02] Chanda, A., & T. Bhattacharya. 2002. Melicertus similis, a new species of prawn, Decapoda: Penaeidae, from India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 495–498.

[DAS03] Dixon, C. J., S. T. Ahyong & F. R. Schram. 2003. A new hypothesis of decapod phylogeny. Crustaceana 76: 935–975.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[H04] Haeckel, E. 1899–1904. Kunstformen der Natur. Bibliographisches Institut: Leipzig und Wien.

[HM03] Hanamura, Y., & M. Matsuoka. 2003. Feeding habits of the sand shrimp, Crangon uritai Hayashi & Kim, 1999, in the central Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Crustaceana 76 (8): 1017–1024.

[H86] Holthuis, L. B. 1986. Decapoda. In: Botosaneanu, L. (ed.) Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) pp. 589–615. E. J. Brill/Dr. W. Backhuys: Leiden.

[HC79] Huff, J. A., & S. P. Cobb. 1979. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 5 (4): 1–101.

[KW70a] Kirkegaard, I., & R. H. Walker. 1970a. Synopsis of biological data on the school prawn Metapenaeus macleayi (Haswell, 1879). C.S.I.R.O. Fisheries and Oceanography Fisheries Synopsis 5.

[KW70b] Kirkegaard, I., & R. H. Walker. 1970b. Synopsis of biological data on the eastern king prawn Penaeus plebejus Hess, 1865. C.S.I.R.O. Fisheries and Oceanography Fisheries Synopsis 7.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[PP64] Peres, J. M., & J. Picard. 1964. Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Mediterranee. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume, Bulletin 31 (27): 5–137.

[R57] Racek, A. A. 1957. The systematic position of the school prawn from Western Australia. Fisheries Bulletin 6: 1–13.

Last updated: 10 March 2022.

Solenoceridae

Solenocera comata, copyright IRD/P.

Belongs within: Decapoda.

The Solenoceridae are a group of dendrobrachiate prawns in which the carapace bears a postorbital spine (Huff & Cobb 1979).

<==Solenoceridae
    |--Pleoticus robustus (Smith 1885) HC79
    |--Haliporoides sibogae (de Man 1907) MG-H11
    |--Haliporus taprobanensis Alcock & Anderson 1899 MG-H11
    |--Mesopenaeus Pérez Farfante 1977 HC79
    |    `--M. tropicalis (Bouvier 1905) (see below for synonymy) HC79
    |--Hymenopenaeus MG-H11
    |    |--H. halli Bruce 1966 MG-H11
    |    `--H. propinquus (de Man 1907) MG-H11
    |--Hadropenaeus MG-H11
    |    |--H. affinis (Bouvier 1906) HC79
    |    |--H. lucasii (Bate 1881) MG-H11
    |    `--H. modestus (Smith 1885) HC79
    `--Solenocera Lucas 1849 HC79
         |--S. annectens (Wood Mason 1891) MG-H11
         |--S. atlantidis Burkenroad 1939 HC79
         |--S. choprai Nataraj 1945 MG-H11
         |--S. comata Stebbing 1915 MG-H11
         |--S. koebeli de Man 1911 MG-H11
         |--S. melantho de Man 1907 MG-H11
         |--S. membranacea (Risso 1816) HC79
         |--S. necopina Burkenroad 1939 HC79
         |--S. pectinata (Bate 1888) MG-H11
         |--S. pectinulata Kubo 1949 MG-H11
         |--S. rathbuni Ramadan 1938 MG-H11
         |--S. siphonocera (Phillippi 1840) HC79
         `--S. vioscai Burkenroad 1934 HC79

Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier 1905) [=Parartemesia tropicalis, Haliporus tropicalis, Hymenopenaeus tropicalis; incl. Solenocera weymouthi Lindner & Anderson 1941] HC79

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[HC79] Huff, J. A., & S. P. Cobb. 1979. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 5 (4): 1–101.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

Sicyonia

Brown rock shrimp Sicyonia brevirostris, copyright D. Flescher.

Belongs within: Decapoda.

Sicyonia is a genus of dendrobrachiate prawns with the carapace bearing a postrostral carina extending and prominent to or nearly to its posterior margin, with at least one tooth on the posterior half of the carina (Huff & Cobb 1979).

<==Sicyonia Milne Edwards 1830 [Sicyoniidae] HC79
    |--S. brevirostris Stimpson 1871 [=Eusicyonia brevirostris] HC79
    |--S. burkenroadi Cob 1971 HC79
    |--S. carinata (Brünnich 1768) KK03 [=Cancer carinatus HC79]
    |--S. cristata (de Haan 1844) DAS03
    |--S. dorsalis Kingsley 1878 HC79
    |--S. inflexa (Kubo 1949) MG-H11
    |--S. japonica Balss 1914 MG-H11
    |--S. laevigata Stimpson 1871 HC79
    |--S. parri Burkenroad 1934 HC79
    |--S. stimpsoni Bouvier 1905 [=Eusicyonia stimpsoni] HC79
    |--S. typica (Boeck 1864) (see below for synonymy) HC79
    `--S. vitulans (Kubo 1949) MG-H11

Sicyonia typica (Boeck 1864) [=Synhimantites typicus; incl. Palaemon carinatus Olivier 1811, Sicyonia carinata non Cancer carinatus Brünnich 1768, Si. edwardsi Miers 1881, Eusicyonia edwardsi] HC79

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[DAS03] Dixon, C. J., S. T. Ahyong & F. R. Schram. 2003. A new hypothesis of decapod phylogeny. Crustaceana 76: 935–975.

[HC79] Huff, J. A., & S. P. Cobb. 1979. Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises 5 (4): 1–101.

[KK03] Kocataş, A., & T. Katağan. 2003. The decapod crustacean fauna of the Turkish seas. Zoology in the Middle East 29: 63–74.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O'Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

Umboniinae

Isanda coronata, copyright Femorale.

Belongs within: Trochidae.
Contains: Lirularia, Ethminolia.

The Umboniinae are a group of small top shells found mostly on soft substrates in shallower waters. Genera related to Umbonium and Lirularia have a monopectinate ctenidium but the ctenidium remains bipectinate in basal genera such as Monilea and Ethalia (Herbert 1992).

Characters (from Herbert 1992): Radula with teeth of central field reduced, marginals well-developed and numerous, latero-marginal plate present; protoconch small (<250 µm in diameter) and beaked; teleoconch often with scratch-like axial microsculpture; snout with subterminal papillae; forehead frequently narrow or absent and snout reduced in size; eye stalks more or less elongate, curving up under shell margin in life, eyes usually large, terminal; left neck lobe variously modified to form particle exclusion filter, sometimes greatly hypertrophied; foot anteriorly bifid; ctenidium long, extending whole length of mantle cavity; ctenidial filaments elongate, with swollen tips and prominent bursicles, filaments on left side of ctenidial axis reduced or absent; afferent ctenidial membrane long, ctenidium sometimes attached to mantle skirt throughout its length.

Umboniinae [Monileini, Rotelladae, Rotellinae, Umboniidae, Umboniini] BR17
    |  i. s.: ‘Minolia’ edithae Melvill 1891 H92
    |         ‘Minolia’ biangulosa (Adams 1855) H92
    |         ‘Solariella’ dereimsi Dollfus 1911 H92
    |         ‘Solariella’ canaliculata Smith 1872 H92
    |--Callumbonella Thiele 1924 [=Umbotrochus Thiele 1924 non Perner 1903] KC60
    |    `--*C. gorgonarum (Fischer 1883) [=Gibbula gorgonarum, *Umbotrochus gorgonarum] KC60
    |--Inkaba Herbert 1992 H92
    |    `--*I. tonga Herbert 1992 H92
    |--Zethalia Finlay 1926 H92 [incl. Ethaliopsis Cossmann 1918 non Schepman 1908 KC60]
    |    `--*Z. zelandicum (Adams 1854) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Antisolarium Finlay 1926 H92
    |    |--*A. egenum (Gould 1849) P61 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--A. stoliczkai (Zittel 1865) [=Solariella stoliczkai] F27
    |--Bankivia Krauss 1848 [Bankiviini] BR05
    |    |--B. (Bankivia) fasciata (Menke 1830) H92 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--B. (Leiopyrga Adams & Adams 1863) KC60
    |         `--B. (L.) lineolaris (Gould 1861) KC60 (see below for synonymy)
    |--Pseudominolia Herbert 1992 H92
    |    |--*P. splendens (Sowerby 1897) [=Solariella splendens; incl. Minolia variegata Odhner 1919] H92
    |    |--‘Solariella’ algoensis Thiele 1925 (see below for synonymy) H92
    |    `--‘Minolia’ climacota Melvill 1897 H92
    |--Talopena Iredale 1918 H92
    |    |--*T. incerta (Iredale 1913) H92 [=Monilea incerta KC60]
    |    |--T. gloriola Iredale 1929 H92
    |    |--T. lifuana (Fischer 1878) H92 [=Trochus lifuanus H92, Monilea lifuana H09]
    |    |--T. vernicosa (Gould 1861) MG-H11
    |    `--T. vitiliginea (Menke 1843) F27, H09 [=Trochus vitiligineus H09, Monilea vitiliginea H09]
    |--Umbonium Link 1807 H92 [=Globulus Schumacher 1817 KC60, Rotella Lamarck 1822 BR05]
    |    |  i. s.: U. costatum (Valenciennes in Kiener 1838–1839) H92
    |    |         U. eloiseae Dance, Moolenbeek & Dekker 1992 BC01
    |    |         ‘*Rotella’ lineolata Lamarck 1822 BR17
    |    |         ‘Rotella’ neozelanica H86
    |    |--*U. (U.) vestiarium (Linnaeus 1758) [=Trochus vestiarius, *Globulus vestiarius, Rotella vestiaria] KC60
    |    |--U. (Ethaliella Pilsbry 1905) KC60
    |    |    `--U. (*E.) floccata (Sowerby 1903) [=Ethalia floccata] KC60
    |    |--U. (Protorotella Makiyama 1925) KC60
    |    |    `--U. (*P.) yuantaniensis (Makiyama 1925) [=*Protorotella yuantaniensis] KC60
    |    `--U. (Suchium Makiyama 1925) KC60
    |         `--U. (*S.) suchiense Yokoyama 1923 KC60
    |--Ethminolia Iredale 1924 [incl. Conotalopia Iredale 1929, Sericominolia Kuroda & Habe 1952] H92
    |    |--*E. probabilis Iredale 1924 H92
    |    |--E. durbanensis (Kilburn 1977) [=Solariella durbanensis] H92
    |    |--E. eilikrines (Melvill 1891) H92
    |    |--E. eudeli (Deshayes 1863) [=Trochus eudeli] H92
    |    |--E. gravieri (Lamy 1909) [=Cyclostrema gravieri] H92
    |    |--‘Minolia’ henniana Melvill 1891 H92 [=Isanda (*Conotalopia) henniana KC60, Monilea henniana H09]
    |    |--‘Solariella’ illustris Sturany 1903 H92
    |    |--E. impressa (Nevill & Nevill 1869) (see below for synonymy) H92
    |    |--E. nektonica (Okutani 1961) (see below for synonymy) H92
    |    |--E. sculpta (Sowerby 1897) [=Solariella sculpta, Minolia sculpta] H92
    |    |--E. stearnsii (Pilsbry 1895) [=Minolia stearnsii, *Sericominolia stearnsii, Solariella stearnsi] H92
    |    `--E. vitiliginea (Menke 1843) H92
    |--Lirularia Dall 1909 H92, BR05 [Lirulariinae]
    |    |--*L. lirulata (Carpenter 1863) BR17 [=Margarites lirulata BR17; incl. Margarita lirulata var. conica C64]
    |    |    |--L. l. lirulata O27
    |    |    |--L. l. obsoleta (Carpenter 1864) [=Margarites lirulata obsoleta] O27
    |    |    `--L. l. subelevata (Carpenter 1864) [=Margarites lirulata subelevata] O27
    |    |--L. acuticostata (Carpenter 1864) O27 [=Margarites (Lirularia) acuticostatus B56]
    |    |--L. althorpensis (Dall 1919) [=Margarites (Lirularia) althorpensis] O27
    |    |--L. antoniae Rubio & Rolán 1997 BC01
    |    |--L. inflatula (Dall 1920) [=Margarites (Lirularia) inflatula] O27
    |    |--L. iridescens (Schrenck 1863) H84
    |    |--L. lacunata (Carpenter 1864) [=Gibbula lacunata, Margarites (Lirularia) lacunata] O27
    |    |--L. pedroana [=Margarites (Lirularia) pedroana] B56
    |    |--L. smithi (Bartsch 1927) [=Margarites (Lirularia) smithi] O27
    |    `--L. succincta (Carpenter 1864) [=Gibbula succincta, Margarites (Lirularia) succincta] O27
    |--Ethalia Adams & Adams 1854 [incl. Liotrochus Fischer 1878] H92
    |    |--*E. guamensis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) H92 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--E. g. guamensis H92
    |    |    `--E. g. selenomphala Pilsbry 1905 H92
    |    |--E. bysma Herbert 1992 H92
    |    |--E. carneolata Melvill 1897 [=Rotella carneolata; incl. E. carneolata var. rubrostrigata Melvill 1904] H92
    |    |--E. electra Herbert 1992 H92
    |    |--E. gilchristae Herbert 1992 H92
    |    |--E. lamprus (Watson 1880) [=Trochus (Solariella) lamprus] H92
    |    |--E. minolina Melvill 1897 [incl. E. minolina var. infralaevior Schepman 1908] H92
    |    |--E. minuta [=Vitrinella minuta] C64
    |    |--E. pulchella (Adams 1855) [=Isanda pulchella] H09
    |    |--E. regularis [=Vitrinella regularis] C64
    |    |--E. striolata (Adams 1855) [incl. E. trilobata Sowerby in Reeve 1875-1878] H92
    |    |--E. supravallata Carpenter 1864 C64
    |    `--‘Vitrinella’ valvatoides C64
    |--Monilea Swainson 1840 [=Talopia Gray 1842; Talopiidae, Talopiini] BR05
    |    |  i. s.: M. angulata Adams 1851 H08
    |    |         M. corrugata [=Trochus corrugatus] B79
    |    |         M. glaphyrella (Melvill & Standen 1895) [=Minolia glaphyrella] H09
    |    |         M. lentiginosa Adams 1852 H09
    |    |         M. patricia (Philippi 1851) H92
    |    |         M. philippii Adams 1855 [=Ethalia philippii] H92
    |    |         M. pudibunda (Fischer 1878) [=Trochus pudibundus] H09
    |    |         M. stoliczkai H86
    |    |         M. tropicalis Hedley 1907 H09
    |    |         M. vernicosa Gould 1861 H92
    |    |--*M. (Monilea) callifera (Lamarck 1822) KC60 [=Trochus calliferus KC60, *Talopia callifera BR17]
    |    |--M. (Priotrochus Fischer 1879) KC60, H92 [=Aphanotrochus Martens 1880 KC60]
    |    |    `--M. (*P.) obscura (Wood 1828) [=Trochus obscurus, *Aphanotrochus obscurus] KC60
    |    `--M. (Rossiteria Brazier 1895) [=Solanderia Fischer in Kiener 1879 non Duchassaing & Michelin 1846] KC60
    |         `--M. (*R.) nuclea (Philippi 1849) [=Trochus nucleus] KC60
    `--Isanda Adams & Adams 1854 [Isandini] BR05
         |  i. s.: I. hornungi (Bisacchi 1931) H92
         |--*I. (Isanda) coronata Adams 1854 KC60
         |--I. (Archiminolia Iredale 1929) KC60
         |    `--I. (*A.) oleacea (Hedley & Petterd 1905) [=Monilea oleacea] KC60
         |--I. (Conominolia Finlay 1927) KC60
         |    |--I. (*C.) conica (Marshall 1917) [=Heliacus conicus] KC60
         |    `--‘Conominolia’ sulcatina (Suter 1917) [=Solariella sulcatina] F27
         |--I. (Parminolia Iredale 1929) KC60
         |    `--I. (P.) apicina (Gould 1861) (see below for synonymy) KC60
         |--I. (Umbonella Adams 1863) KC60
         |    `--I. (*U.) murrea (Reeve 1848) [=Turbo murreus] KC60
         |--I. (Vanitrochus Iredale 1929) [incl. Conotrochus Pilsbry 1889 non Schröter 1863] KC60
         |    `--I. (*V.) tragema (Melvill & Standen 1869) [=Solariella tragema] KC60
         `--I. (Waisiolia Beets 1942) KC60
              `--I. (*W.) jucanda Beets 1942 KC60

*Antisolarium egenum (Gould 1849) P61 [=Solarium (Torinia) egenum H92, Minolia egena F27, Solariella egena F27; incl. Margarita dilecta Adams 1855 H92, Solariella dilecta H92, Trochus (Solariella) dilectus H92]

Bankivia (Bankivia) fasciata (Menke 1830) H92 [=Phasianella fasciata KC60, Cantharidus fasciatus F27; incl. Bankivia lugubris H08, *B. varians Krauss 1848 KC60]

Bankivia (Leiopyrga) lineolaris (Gould 1861) KC60 [=Cantharidus lineolaris KC60; incl. *Leiopyrga picturata Adams & Adams 1863 KC60, C. picturatus F27]

*Ethalia guamensis (Quoy & Gaimard 1834) H92 [=Rotella guamensis H09, Umbonium (*Ethalia) guamense KC60; incl. R. montrouzieri Souverbie 1860 H92, *Liotrochus montrouzieri H92]

Ethminolia impressa (Nevill & Nevill 1869) [=Solarium impressum, Minolia impressa; incl. M. eucoronata Sowerby 1905] H92

Ethminolia nektonica (Okutani 1961) [=Solariella nektonica; incl. S. nektonica tajimensis Okutani & Sakurai 1968] H92

Isanda (Parminolia) apicina (Gould 1861) [=Monilea apicina; incl. Minolia agapeta Melvill & Standen 1896, *Parminolia agapeta] KC60

‘Solariella’ algoensis Thiele 1925 [incl. Margarita articulata Gould 1861 non Adams 1853, Gibbula articulata, Minolia articulata, Pseudominolia articulata, Mi. bleeki Thiele 1925] H92

*Zethalia zelandica (Adams 1854) P61 [=Umbonium zelandicum P61, Ethalia zelandica Rousseau 1854 F27; incl. Globulus anguliferus Philippi 1854 non Sowerby 1840 F27, *Ethaliopsis angulifera F27, Umbonium anguliferum F27]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B56] Berry, S. S. 1956. Mollusca dredged by the Orca off the Santa Barbara Islands, California, in 1951. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 46 (5): 150–157.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[BC01] Boyko, C. B., & J. R. Cordeiro. 2001. Catalog of Recent type specimens in the Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. V. Mollusca, part 2 (class Gastropoda [exclusive of Opisthobranchia and Pulmonata], with supplements to Gastropoda [Opisthobranchia], and Bivalvia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 262: 1–170.

[B79] Brazier, J. 1879. List of marine shells collected on Fitzroy Island, north coast of Australia; with notes on their geographical range. Journal of Conchology 2: 186–199.

[C64] Carpenter, P. P. 1864. Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the west coast of North America. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 33: 517–686.

[F27] Finlay, H. J. 1927. A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320–485.

[H08] Hedley, C. 1908. Studies on Australian Mollusca. Part X. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 33: 456–489, pls 7–10.

[H09] Hedley, C. 1909. The Marine Fauna of Queensland: Address by the President of Section D. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science: Brisbane.

[H92] Herbert, D. G. 1992. Revision of the Umboniinae in southern Africa and Mozambique (Mollusca: Prosobranchia: Trochidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 33 (2): 379–459.

[H84] Hickman, C. S. 1984. Implications of radular tooth-row functional integration for archaeogastropod systematics. Malacologia 25 (1): 143–160.

[H86] Hutton, F. W. 1886. The Mollusca of the Pareora and Oamaru systems of New Zealand. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, series 2, 1 (1): 205–237.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[MG-H11] McEnnulty, F. R., K. L. Gowlett-Holmes, A. Williams, F. Althaus, J. Fromont, G. C. B. Poore, T. D. O’Hara, L. Marsh, P. Kott, S. Slack-Smith, P. Alderslade & M. V. Kitahara. 2011. The deepwater megabenthic invertebrates on the western continental margin of Australia (100–1100 m depths): composition, distribution and novelty. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 80: 1–191.

[O27] Oldroyd, I. S. 1927. The Marine Shells of the West Coast of North America vol. 2 pt 3. Stanford University Press: Stanford University (California).

[P61] Powell, A. W. B. 1961. Shells of New Zealand: An illustrated handbook 4^th ed. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited: Christchurch.

Last updated: 19 October 2021.