Penthaleidae

Blue oat mite Penthaleus major, copyright Sandra-Photographie.

Belongs within: Eupodoidea.

The Penthaleidae are a group of often phytophagous mites, some of which are significant agricultural pests. They are soft-bodied with weakly chelate chelicerae, fifteen or more pairs of setae in the intercoxal region, and a dorsal or dorsoterminal anal opening (Walter et al. 2009).

<==Penthaleidae
    |--Chromotydaeus Berlese 1903 H98
    |    |--C. arcticus (Trägårdh 1900) [=Penthaleus arcticus] T05
    |    |--C. egregius (Berlese 1891) WL09, SB63 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--C. ovatus T05
    |    |--C. quartus Qin & Halliday 1996 H98
    |    `--C. villosus [=Penthaleus villosus] T05
    |--Halotydeus Berlese 1891 H98
    |    |--*H. hydrodromus (Berlese & Trouessart 1889) [=Notophallus hydrodromus] QH96
    |    |    |--H. h. hydrodromus QH96
    |    |    `--H. h. albolineatus Halbert 1915 QH96, B96
    |    |--H. anthropus Qin & Halliday 1996 QH96
    |    |--H. bakerae Qin & Halliday 1996 H98
    |    |--H. castellus Qin & Halliday 1996 H98
    |    |--H. destructor (Tucker 1925) H98 [=Penthaleus destructor H98, Halotydaeus (l. c.) destructor H01]
    |    |--H. mollis Luxton 1986 L86
    |    |--H. signiensis WL09
    |    `--H. spectatus Qin & Halliday 1996 QH96
    |--Linopenthaloides novaezealandicus QH96, WL09
    `--Penthaleus Koch 1836 [incl. Notophallus Canestrini 1886] H98
         |--*P. major (Dugès 1834) SB63 (see below for synonymy)
         |--P. crinitus Narayan 1957 N57
         |--P. falcatus Qin & Halliday 1996 H98
         |--P. haematopus Koch 1840 [=Notophallus haematopus] T05
         |--P. illustris Berlese 1916 B16
         |--P. insulanus Thorell 1871 [=Notophallus insulanus; incl. Tetranychus borealis Koch 1878] T05
         |--P. longipilis (Canestrini 1886) SB63 (see below for synonymy)
         |--P. medius Schweizer & Bader 1963 SB63
         |--P. minor (Canestrini 1886) [=Notophallus minor] H98
         |--P. ovatus CF77
         `--P. tectus WL09

Chromotydaeus egregius (Berlese 1891) WL09, SB63 [=Penthaleus egregius SB63, Halotydeus egregius B96, Penthalodes egregius SB63]

Penthaleus longipilis (Canestrini 1886) SB63 [=Notophallus longipilis SB63; incl. P. longilis (l. c.) var. longipes Schweizer 1951 S51]

*Penthaleus major (Dugès 1834) SB63 [=Tetranychus majeur H98, P. maior (l. c.) H98; incl. Notophallus bicolor Froggatt 1921 H98, Notophallus bicolour (l. c.) H98, Notophalus dicolor (l. c.) H98, Penthaleus bicolor H98]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B96] Baker, A. S. 1996. On the status of some species of Eupodoidea (Acariformes: Prostigmata) represented in the Berlese Acaroteca. In: Mitchell, R., D. J. Horn, G. R. Needham & W. C. Welbourn (eds) Acarology IX vol. 1. Proceedings pp. 373–375. Ohio Biological Survey: Columbus (Ohio).

[B16] Berlese, A. 1916. Centuria terza di Acari nuovi. Redia 12: 289–338.

[CF77] Canestrini, G., & F. Fanzago. 1877. Intorno agli Acari Italiani. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Serie 5, 4: 69–208, pls 2–7.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[H01] Halliday, R. B. 2001. 250 years of Australian acarology. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 3–16. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[L86] Luxton, M. 1986. Mites (Arachnida: Acari) from the coast of Hong Kong. In: B. Morton (ed.) Proceedings of the Second International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China, Hong Kong, 1986 pp. 667–671. Hong Kong University Press.

[N57] Narayan, D. S. 1957. A new species of Penthaleus from Mexico (Acarina: Penthaleidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 30 (3): 111–113.

[QH96] Qin, T. K., & R. B. Halliday. 1996. Revision of the Australian and South African species of Halotydeus (Acarina: Penthaleidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 86: 441–450.

[S51] Schweizer, J. 1951. Die Landmilben des schweizerischen Nationalparkes. 2. Teil: Trombidiformes. Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung des schweizerischen Nationalparks [Résultats des recherches scientifiques entreprises au Parc National Suisse] 3 (Neue Folge): 51–172.

[SB63] Schweizer, J., & C. Bader. 1963. Die Landmilben der Schweiz (Mittelland, Jura und Alpen): Trombidiformes Reuter, mit 217 Arten und Unterarten und 193 Originalzeichnungen. Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft [Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles] 84 (2): i–vi, 209–378.

[T05] Trägårdh, I. 1905. Monographie der arktischen Acariden. In: Römer, F., & F. Schaudinn (eds) Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellun der arktischen Tierformen, mit besonder Berücksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nördliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898 vol. 4 pp. 1–78. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

[WL09] Walter, D. E., E. E. Lindquist, I. M. Smith, D. R. Cook & G. W. Krantz. 2009. Order Trombidiformes. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 233–420. Texas Tech University Press.