Ameronothroidea

Tegeocranellus alas, copyright B. Eamer.

Belongs within: Poronoticae.
Contains: Halozetes.

The Ameronothroidea are a group of mostly semi-aquatic oribatid mites, inhabiting locations such as ephemeral rock pools or intertidal littoral zones. Gas exchange may be facilitated during immersion by a cerotegumental plastron and/or taenidia and tecta in the pleural region (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). Some species of Ameronothridae are noteworthy for being found in extreme environments in the Arctic or Antarctic (Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009). Members of the genera Antarcticola and Pseudantarcticola have fewer setae on the notogaster than other genera of Ameronothridae, with only ten or eleven pairs versus the twelve or more pairs of the latter (Balogh & Balogh 1992).

Characters (from Norton & Behan-Pelletier 2009): Adults with integument often weakly sclerotised and easily distorted. Prodorsum with or without lamellae, adjacent medially or separated, and lamellar cusps. Tutorium and translamella present or absent. Gena1 notch absent. Bothridial seta normally developed or extremely small, or absent. Chelicerae rhelate-dentate; palpal eupathidium acm separate from solenidion; subcapitular mentum without tectum. Axillary saccule of subcapitulum absent. Dorsophragmata and pleurophragmata present or absent. Discidium present or absent, custodium absent. Pedotectum I large, extending to base of bothridium, subdivided, or absent. Pedotectum II present or absent. With or without tecta laterally to maintain plastron around sejugal region and acetabulum III. Coxisternal setation various (3-1-3-2, 3-1-2-2, 3-1-3-2, 2-1-2-3, or 1-1-1-1). Genital setation 3, 5, or 6 pairs. Ovipositor and spermatopositor with 11-12 setae. Notogaster overhanging ventral plate. Lenticulus present or absent. Immatures apheredermous, plicate, opisthonotum often smooth and convex centrodorsally; unideficient or bideficient. Prodorsal, adanal, and latero-hysterosomal porose regions (or their saccule homologues) present or absent. Seta d variably present on tibiae and genua when respective solenidion is present.

<==Ameronothroidea S04
    |--Ameronothridae SK10
    |    |--Aquanothrus Engelbrecht 1975 [Aquanothridae] S04
    |    |    `--*A. montanus Engelbrecht 1975 S04
    |    |--Capillibates Hammer 1966 S04
    |    |    `--*C. stagaardi Hammer 1966 S04
    |    |--Chudalupia Wallwork 1981 S04
    |    |    `--*C. meridionalis Wallwork 1981 S04
    |    |--Pseudantarcticola Balogh 1970 S04
    |    |    `--*P. tropica Balogh 1970 S04
    |    |--Antarcticola Wallwork 1967 [incl. Petrozetes Sitnikova 1968] S04
    |    |    |--*A. meyeri Wallwork 1967 [incl. Petrozetes oblongus Sitnikova 1968] S04
    |    |    `--A. georgiae Wallwork 1970 S04
    |    |--Alaskozetes Hammer 1955 S04
    |    |    |--*A. coriaceus Hammer 1955 S04
    |    |    |--A. antarcticus (Michael 1903) S04 [=Notaspis antarctica S04, Halozetes antarctica CH98]
    |    |    |    |--A. a. antarcticus S04
    |    |    |    |--A. a. grandjeani (Dalenius 1958) S04 [=Halozetes antarctica grandjeani CH98]
    |    |    |    `--A. a. intermedius Wallork 1967 S04
    |    |    `--A. bouvetoyaensis Pletzen & Kok 1971 S04
    |    |--Ameronothrus Berlese 1896 [incl. Hygroribates Jacot 1934] S04
    |    |    |--*A. lineatus (Thorell 1871) (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    |--A. bilineatus (Michael 1888) [=Scutovertex bilineatus] S04
    |    |    |--A. dubinini Sitnikova 1975 S04
    |    |    |--A. harioti (Michael 1891) (n. d.) [=Scutovertex harioti] S04
    |    |    |--A. lapponicus Dalenius 1963 S04
    |    |    |--A. maculatus (Michael 1882) (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    |--A. marinus (Banks 1896) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--A. nidicola Sitnikova 1975 S04
    |    |    |--A. nigrofemoratus (Koch 1879) [=Nothrus nigrofemoratus; incl. A. lineatus brevipes Willmann 1937] S04
    |    |    |--A. oblongus Sitnikova 1975 S04
    |    |    |--A. schneideri (Oudemans 1905) [=Scutovertex schneideri] S04
    |    |    |--A. schubarti Weigmann & Schulte 1975 S04
    |    |    `--A. schusteri Schubart 1970 S04
    |    `--Halozetes S04
    |--Fortuyniidae S04
    |    |--Circellobates Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    `--*C. venustus Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |--Alismobates Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    |--*A. reticulatus Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    `--A. rotundus Luxton 1992 S04
    |    `--Fortuynia Hammen 1960 S04
    |         |--*F. marina Hammen 1960 S04
    |         |--F. elamellata Luxton 1967 S04
    |         |    |--F. e. elamellata S04
    |         |    |--F. e. micromorpha Marshall & Pugh 2002 S04
    |         |    `--F. e. shibai Aoki 1974 S04
    |         |--F. inhambanensis Marshall & Pugh 2002 S04
    |         |--F. maculata Luxton 1986 S04
    |         |--F. rotunda Marshall & Pugh 2002 S04
    |         |--F. sinensis Luxton 1992 S04
    |         `--F. yunkeri Hammen 1963 S04
    |--Selenoribatidae S04
    |    |--Thalassozetes Schuster 1963 S04
    |    |    `--*T. riparius Schuster 1963 S04
    |    |--Psednobates Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    `--*P. uncunguis Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |--Arotrobates Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    |--*A. lanceolatus Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |    `--A. granulatus Luxton 1992 S04
    |    |--Selenoribates Strenzke 1961 S04
    |    |    |--*S. foveiventris Strenzke 1961 S04
    |    |    |--S. ghardaqensis Abdel-Hamid 1973 S04
    |    |    `--S. mediterraneus Grandjean 1966 S04
    |    `--Schusteria Grandjean 1968 S04
    |         |--*S. littorea Grandjean 1968 S04
    |         |--S. melanomerus Marshall & Pugh 2000 S04
    |         `--S. ugraseni Marshall & Pugh 2000 S04
    `--Tegeocranellus Berlese 1913 NB-P09, H98 [=Tegeogranellus H98; Tegeocranellidae]
         |--*T. laevis (Berlese 1905) [=Tegeocranus laevis] S04
         |--T. alas Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. barbarae Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. bolivianus Balogh & Mahunka 1969 S04
         |--T. bosniae (Frank 1961) [=Carabodes bosniae] S04
         |--T. concavus Balogh & Balogh 1983 S04
         |--T. convexus Balogh & Balogh 1983 S04
         |--T. kethleyi Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. knysnaensis Kok 1968 [incl. T. africanus Mahunka 1985] S04
         |--T. mediolamellatus Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. mississippii Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. muscorum Behan-Pelletier 1997 S04
         |--T. opcus Tseng 1982 S04
         `--T. sacchareus Kok 1968 S04

*Ameronothrus lineatus (Thorell 1871) [=Eremaeus lineatus; incl. Scutovertex corrugatus Michael 1888, S. occidentalis Hull 1918] S04

Ameronothrus maculatus (Michael 1882) [=Scutovertex maculatus; incl. S. maculatus groenlandicus Trägardh 1904, S. pseudomaculatus insularis Hull 1914, S. pseudomaculatus Hull 1914] S04

Ameronothrus marinus (Banks 1896) S04 [=Nothrus marinus S04, *Hygroribates marinus B65; incl. A. fucicolum Brady 1875 S04, Scutovertex spoofi Oudemans 1900 S04, A. spoofi G32]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B65] Balogh, J. 1965. A synopsis of the world oribatid (Acari) genera. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 11 (1–2): 5–99.

[CH98] Colloff, M. J., & R. B. Halliday. 1998. Oribatid Mites: A catalogue of Australian genera and species. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[G32[ Grandjean, F. 1932. Observations sur les oribates (3^e série). Bulletin du Muséum, 2e série, 4 (3): 292–306.

[H98] Halliday, R. B. 1998. Mites of Australia: A checklist and bibliography. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood.

[NB-P09] Norton, R. A., & V. M. Behan-Pelletier. 2009. Suborder Oribatida. In: Krantz, G. W., & D. E. Walter (eds) A Manual of Acarology 3^rd ed. pp. 430–564. Texas Tech University Press.

[SK10] Schäffer, S., S. Koblmüller, T. Pfingstl, C. Sturmbauer & G. Krisper. 2010. Ancestral state reconstruction reveals multiple independent evolution of diagnostic morphological characters in the "Higher Oribatida" (Acari), conflicting with current classification. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10: 246.

[S04] Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758–2002). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305.