Eucynortella

Eucynortella duapunctata, copyright Sidclay Dias.

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Eucynortella is a genus of cosmetid harvestmen found in Central and South America characterised by a lack of dorsal armature on the scutum.

Characters (from Roewer 1923): Slender animals with long, thin legs. Areas 1–5 and free tergites 1–3 unarmed, without median tubercle or spine pairs. Second cheliceral segment small and normally developed in both sexes. Legs with basal segment of legs III and IV in both sexes of the same habitus and strength as in legs I and II; telotarsus II three-segmented; telotarsus I six-segmented; tarsi II–IV each more than six-segmented, variable. Secondary sexual dimorphism sometimes expressed in leg IV.

<==Eucynortella Roewer 1912 K03
    |--*E. spectabilis Roewer 1912 [=Cynorta spectabilis] K03
    |--E. annulipes (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta annulipes, E. annulipas (l. c.)] K03
    |--E. cryptogramma Mello-Leitão 1942 K03
    |--E. duapunctata Goodnight & Goodnight 1943 K03
    |--E. lineata Roewer 1963 K03
    |--E. longa Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03
    |--E. obscurior Mello-Leitão 1943 K03
    |--E. orbicularis Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. panamensis Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03
    |--E. pauper Piza 1938 K03
    |--E. pumila Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. sexpunctata Roewer 1927 K03
    |--E. signata Roewer 1963 K03
    `--E. woodi Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

Vonones

Vonones ornatus, copyright Lynette Elliott.

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Vonones is a genus of cosmetid harvestmen found primarily in North and Central America; this is the only genus of Cosmetidae found in the United States.

Characters (from Goodnight & Goodnight 1953): Dorsum with five areas, variously armed with tubercles and spines, without a large median spine on third area. First tarsus with five segments; distitarsi of both first and second tarsi with three segments. Third and fourth legs with simple untoothed claws.

<==Vonones Simon 1879 [incl. Libitioides Roewer 1912, Ornotus Goodnight & Goodnight 1942] K03
    |--*V. octotuberculatus Simon 1879 K03
    |--V. circumlineatus Goodnight & Goodnight 1953 K03
    |--V. granulatus Roewer 1947 K03
    |--V. malkini Goodnight & Goodnight 1953 K03
    |--V. ornatus (Say 1821) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--V. pelaezi (Goodnight & Goodnight 1942) [=*Ornotus pelaezi] K03
    |--V. pilosus Goodnight & Goodnight 1977 [=V. pilosa] K03
    |--V. planus Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03
    |--V. riveti (Roewer 1919) [=Libitioides riveti] K03
    |--V. sayi (Simon 1879) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--V. scabrissimus (Roewer 1912) [=Libitioides scabrissima] K03
    `--V. testaceus Roewer 1947 K03

Vonones ornatus (Say 1821) [=Gonyleptes ornatum, Cosmetus ornatus, Cynorta ornata, Metacynorta ornata, Vonones ornata, Vernones ornata (l. c.)] K03

Vonones sayi (Simon 1879) [=Cynorta sayi, Cy. sayii, Libitioides sayi, *L. ornata Roewer 1912 non Gonyleptes ornatum Say 1821, Vonones ornata; incl. Cosmetus albolineatus Sørensen 1884, Cynorta albolineata, Libitioides albolineatus, Vonones modestus Banks 1909, Platycynorta transversalis Roewer 1952] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

Goodnight, C. J., & M. L. Goodnight. 1953. The opilionid fauna of Chiapas, Mexico, and adjacent areas (Arachnoidea, Opiliones). American Museum Novitates 1610: 1–81.

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Metarhaucus

Dorsum of Metarhaucus lojanus, from Roewer (1912).

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Metarhaucus is a poorly defined genus of harvestmen found in Central and South America.

Characters (from Roewer 1923): Sturdy animals with strong (especially third and fourth) legs. Areas 1, 2 and 4 each with one median tubercle pair; area 3 with one median spine pair; area 5 and free tergites 1–3 unarmed. Second cheliceral segment much thicker in male than in female and distinctly rising above the first segment. Legs in both sexes with basal segment of legs III and especially IV much thicker and stronger than that of legs I and II; telotarsus II three-segmented; telotarsus I six-segmented; tarsi II–IV each more than six segments, variable.

<==Metarhaucus Pickard-Cambridge 1905 [incl. Erginus Simon 1879 non Jeffreys 1877] K03
    |--*M. fuscus Pickard-Cambridge 1905 [=Erginus fuscus] K03
    |--M. conspicuus Roewer 1927 K03
    |--M. devillei (Simon 1879) [=*Erginus devillei, Rhaucus devillei] K03
    |--M. lojanus (Roewer 1912) [=Erginus lojanus] K03
    |--M. ohausi (Roewer 1912) [=Erginus ohausi] K03
    |--M. reimoseri Roewer 1933 K03
    |--M. reticulatus Roewer 1912 [=Erginus reticulatus] K03
    |--M. serrifemur Roewer 1927 K03
    |--M. trilineatus (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus trilineatus] K03
    |--M. unicolor Roewer 1957 K03
    `--M. variatus (Roewer 1912) [=Erginus variatus] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.

Cosmetus

Possible Cosmetus, copyright Arthur Anker.

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Cosmetus is a genus of harvestmen found in northern South America with short, slender, unarmed legs (Kury 2003).

Characters (from Kury 2003): Eyemound extremely flattened; outline of scutum without constrictions; area III with strong spines showing a high degree of fusion (sometimes fused into a single spine); legs short, slender, unarmed.

<==Cosmetus Perty 1833 K03 (see below for synonymy)
    |--*C. varius Perty 1833 K03
    |--C. arietinus (Mello-Leitão 1940) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--C. biacutus Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. birramosus (González-Sponga 1998) [=Cosmetiplus birramosus] K03
    |--C. columnaris (Roewer 1928) -, KA-Z11 [=*Cosmetellus columnaris, Paecilaema columnaris] K03
    |--C. coxaepunctatus Roewer 1927 [=*Cosmetiplus coxaepunctatus, Paecilaema coxaepunctata] K03
    |--C. delicatus (Soares & Soares 1946) [=*Vervloetia delicata] K03
    |--C. flavopictus Simon 1880 K03
    |--C. mesacanthus Kollar in Koch 1839 [=C. mesacathus, C. mesacanthos (l. c.)] K03
    |--C. migdaliae (González-Sponga 1992) [=Cosmetiplus migdaliae] K03
    |--C. peruvicus (Avram & Soares 1983) [=*Orthogryne peruvica] K03
    |--C. pleurostigma Sørensen 1932 K03
    |--C. pulcher Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 [=C. pulchrus] K03
    |--C. serrulatus (González-Sponga 1992) [=Cosmetiplus serrulatus] K03
    |--C. soerenseni (Mello-Leitão 1942) [=Cosmetigryne soerenseni] K03
    |--C. turritus Sørensen 1932 [=C. tursitus (l. c.)] K03
    |--C. unispinosus (Roewer 1915) [=*Cosmetigryne unispinosa] K03
    `--C. variolosus Mello-Leitão 1942 K03

Nomen nudum: Cosmetus testudineus Roewer 1912 [=C. testitudineus (l. c.)] K03

Cosmetus Perty 1833 K03 [incl. Belemnometus Mello-Leitão 1940 K03, Cosmetellus Roewer 1928 K03, KA-Z11, Cosmetigryne Roewer 1916 K03, Cosmetiplus Roewer 1947 K03, Orthogryne Avram & Soares 1983 K03, Procosmetus Mello-Leitão 1942 K03, Vervloetia Soares & Soares 1946 K03]

Cosmetus arietinus (Mello-Leitão 1940) [=*Belemnometus arietinus; incl. *Procosmetus dubius Mello-Leitão 1942, B. dubius] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

[KA-Z11] Kury, A. B., & M. A. Alonso-Zarazaga. 2011. Addenda and corrigenda to the "Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones)". Zootaxa 3034: 47–68.

Flirtea

Flirtea sp., copyright Arthur Anker.

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Flirtea is a genus of harvestmen found in northern South America with thick and heavily denticulate legs.

Characters (from González-Sponga 1992): Ocular tubercule wide, transverse, with a groove in the center and small granules near the inner edge of the eyes. Opisthosoma with markedly convex lateral edges facing areas I to III. Opisthosomal areas weakly demarcated and with little ornamentation. Area III with two tubercles or low pyramidal spines. Tergites with aligned granules. Distal segment of chelicerae enlarged in males. Ambulatory legs short, thick, denticulate. Femora IV of male claviform. Basal segments of tarsi I thickened in males or rarely as distal. Tarsal segments of legs I = 6(3). Tarsal segments of legs II = 11–15(3). Claws not pectinate.

<==Flirtea Koch 1839 K03
    |--*F. picta (Perty 1833) [=Cosmetus pictus, Cynorta (Prasia) picta] K03
    |--F. alpha (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus alpha] K03
    |--F. altagraciensis González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. andina Roewer 1927 K03
    |--F. araguitensis González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. clypeata (Sørensen 1932) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--F. erxlineae Mello-Leitão 1941 K03
    |--F. fusca (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus fuscus] K03
    |--F. geographica (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus geographicus] K03
    |--F. granulosa (Simon 1879) [=Erginus granulosus, Rhaucus granulosus] K03
    |--F. henrikseni González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. lateralis (Banks 1909) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--F. limbata (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus limbatus] K03
    |--F. longifemoris González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. militaris (Simon 1879) [=Erginus militaris, Rhaucus militaris] K03
    |--F. montana González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. mutica (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus muticus] K03
    |--F. papilionacea (Simon 1879) [=Erginus papilionaceus, Rhaucus papilionaceus] K03
    |--F. paucimaculata Roewer 1963 K03
    |--F. phalerata Koch 1839 [=Cynorta (Prasia) phalerata, Poecilaema phaleratum] K03
    |--F. quinquelineata (Simon 1879) [=Rhaucus quinquelineatus; incl. Metarhaucus albilineatus Roewer 1912] K03
    |--F. reticulata (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus reticulatus] K03
    |--F. serripes (Simon 1879) [=Erginus serripes, Rhaucus serripes] K03
    |--F. simplex González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. sorenseni González-Sponga 1992 K03
    |--F. tristis (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus tristis] K03
    |--F. tuberculata (Sørensen 1932) [=Rhaucus tuberculatus] K03
    |--F. ventricosa (Simon 1879) [=Erginus ventricosus, Rhaucus ventricosus] K03
    |--F. venezuelana (Sørensen 1932) (see below for synonymy) K03
    `--F. withi González-Sponga 1992 K03

Flirtea clypeata (Sørensen 1932) [=Cynorta (Prasia) clypeata, Erginulus clypeatus, Euerginus clypeatus, Prasiana clypeata; incl. Eucynortula puncticulosa Roewer 1947] K03

Flirtea lateralis (Banks 1909) [=Vonones lateralis; incl. Eucynorta banksi Roewer 1947, Cynorta conspersa Banks 1914 non Cosmetus conspersus Perty 1833, E. conspersa, E. conpersa (l. c.)] K03

Flirtea venezuelana (Sørensen 1932) [=Cynorta (Prasia) venezuelana, Metarhaucus venezuelanus, Prasia striata ms; incl. Flirtea caracasensis Mello-Leitão 1940, Cynorta caracasensis, F. femoralis Roewer 1947] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

González-Sponga, M. A. 1992. Aracnidos de Venezuela. Opiliones Laniatores II. Familia Cosmetidae. Biblioteca de la Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales Caracas—Venezuela 26: 1–432.

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Cynortula

Dorsum of Cynortula brevipes, from Roewer (1947).

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Cynortula is a genus of harvestmen found in Central and tropical South America.

See also: Cynortula, Cynortula.

Characters (from González-Sponga 1992): Ocular tubercle sub-elliptic, with abundant small granules. Abdominal areas I and II with small granules in the center; area III with very small tubercles. Tergites traversed by a row of very small granules. Distal segment of chelicerae similar in both sexes. Short and narrow ambulatory legs, femur IV slightly curved at base. Basal segments of tarsus I thickened in male. Tarsal segments of legs I = 7(3) in male, 6(3) in female. Tarsal segments of legs II = 12–17(3). Claws of legs III and IV not pectinate.

<==Cynortula Roewer 1912 K03
    |--*C. longipes (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta longipes] K03
    |--C. alejandra Roewer 1957 K03
    |--C. biprocurvata Roewer 1952 K03
    |--C. bolivari Roewer 1952 K03
    |--C. brevipes Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. cingulata Roewer 1933 K03
    |--C. figurata Roewer 1957 K03
    |--C. garna Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03
    |--C. granulata Roewer 1912 K03
    |--C. guttistriata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. ignacia Roewer 1957 K03
    |--C. koelpelii Roewer 1912 [=Cynorta koelpelii] K03
    |--C. limitata Roewer 1927 K03
    |--C. modesta (Sørensen 1932) [=Cynorta modesta] K03
    |--C. oblongata Roewer 1927 K03
    |--C. patellaris Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. pectinipes Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. pedalis (Banks 1909) [=Cynorta pedalis, Eucynortella pedalis] K03
    |--C. peruviana Roewer 1952 K03
    |--C. pizai Soares 1945 K03
    |--C. punctata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. quadrimaculata Roewer 1912 K03
    |--C. robusta Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. santarosa Roewer 1957 K03
    |--C. stellata Roewer 1912 K03
    |--C. striata Roewer 1912 [=Cynorta striata] K03
    |--C. torquata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. unapunctata Goodnight & Goodnight 1943 K03
    |--C. undulata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--C. venezuelensis Roewer 1915 (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--C. wheeleri Roewer 1931 K03
    `--C. zaca Goodnight & Goodnight 1942 K03

Cynortula venezuelensis Roewer 1915 [=Cynortula venezuelenesis (l. c.); incl. Cynorta dimorpha Sørensen 1932, Cynortula dimorpha] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

González-Sponga, M. A. 1992. Aracnidos de Venezuela. Opiliones Laniatores II. Familia Cosmetidae. Biblioteca de la Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales Caracas—Venezuela 26: 1–432.

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Eucynorta

Dorsal view of Eucynorta tenuipes, from here.

Belongs within: Cosmetidae.

Eucynorta is a poorly defined genus of harvestmen found in Central and South America.

Characters (from Roewer 1923): Slim animals with long, thin legs. Scutum and free tergites 1–3 unarmed, area 3 only with a median pair of spines. Second cheliceral segment small and normally built in both sexes, or much thicker in male and standing higher than first segment. Legs in both sexes with basal sections of legs III–IV of the same habitus and strength as those of legs I–II; telotarsus II 3-segmented, telotarsus I 6-segmented; tarsi II–IV each more than 6-segmented, variable. Leg IV sometimes exhibiting secondary sexual characteristics in the male.

<==Eucynorta Roewer 1912 K03
    |--*E. quadripustulata (Simon 1879) [=Cynorta quadripustulata, C. (Prasia) quadripustulata] K03
    |--E. albimarginata Roewer 1963 K03
    |--E. albipustulata Roewer 1912 K03
    |--E. amazonica Piza 1938 K03
    |--E. analis Roewer 1927 K03
    |--E. areolata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. atra Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. biguttata (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta biguttata] K03
    |--E. bipectinata Roewer 1933 K03
    |--E. bipunctata (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta bipunctata, E. cambridgei Mello-Leitão 1944] K03
    |--E. coccinelloides Mello-Leitão 1944 K03
    |--E. conigera (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta conigera] K03
    |--E. difficilis Soares 1944 K03
    |--E. insularis (Banks 1905) [=Cynorta insularis, Metavonones insularis] K03
    |--E. interposita Roewer 1954 K03
    |--E. longispina (Pickard-Cambridge 1904) [=Cynorta longispina] K03
    |--E. lutea Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. maculosa (Goodnight & Goodnight 1942) [=Eucynortula maculosa] K03
    |--E. malleata Roewer 1927 K03
    |--E. ornata Roewer 1952 K03
    |--E. picta Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. pictipes (Banks 1909) [=Cynorta pictipes] K03
    |--E. puncticulata Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. reducta Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. reimoseri Roewer 1914 K03
    |--E. schmidti Goodnight & Goodnight 1947 K03
    |--E. tenuipes Roewer 1947 K03
    |--E. transversalis Roewer 1933 K03
    |--E. tristani (Banks 1909) [=Cynorta tristani] K03
    |--E. unicolor Roewer 1947 [=Cynorta unicolor] K03
    |--E. venosa Roewer 1927 K03
    |--E. vidua (Sørensen 1932) [=Cynorta vidua] K03
    |--E. virescens Mello-Leitão 1942 K03
    `--E. wiedenmayeri Schenkel 1953 K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

Roewer, C.-F. 1923. Die Weberknechte der Erde: Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannnten Opiliones. Gustav Fischer: Jena.