Annelida

Aricidea sp., from here.

Belongs within: Metazoa.
Contains: Machaeridia, Leodicidae, Orthonectida, Cornulitidae, Amphinomida, Phyllodocida, Eunicida, Mesonerilla, Echiura, Aeolosomatida, Clitellata, Scolecida, Polygordius, Saccocirrus, Protodrilus, Spionida, Cirratuliformia, Orbiniidae, Maldanidae, Terebelliformia, Arenicolidae, Sabellida.

The Annelida includes the segmented worms and related taxa. Most members of this clade possess homonomous segmentation, lateral chaetae and a nuchal organ at the posterior end of the prostomium, but these characters have all been modified or lost in some derived subgroups. Many classifications of the annelids have divided them between three classes: the Polychaeta (mostly marine worms which have more or less dense arrays of chaetae inserted on lateral parapodia), Oligochaeta (earthworms and related taxa which have fewer chaetae and lack parapodia) and Hirudinea (leeches). However, recent phylogenetic analyses have indicated that the latter two 'classes' (which together form a clade called the Clitellata) are likely to be nested within the paraphyletic 'polychaetes'. Exact relationships within the annelids remain otherwise much debated. Potential clades include the Canalipalpata, members of which often possess grooved, ciliated palps in association with the prostomium (Parry et al. 2014). Another group, the Aciculata, is characterised by the presence of aciculae, supportive chaetae embedded within the parapodia. Within the Aciculata, the Errantia are mobile, predatory or detritivorous, worms. The Nerillidae are minute, mostly marine polychaetes with the prostomium fused to the peristomium and with setae on most or all segments.

Annelida (see below for synonymy)
    |--Pygocirrus butyricampum PE16, PTV14
    |--Guanshanchaeta PE16
    |--+--Aciculata PE16
    |  |    |--+--Kenostrychus clementsi PE16
    |  |    |  `--Amphinomida PE16
    |  |    `--Errantia PE16
    |  |         |--Phyllodocida PE16
    |  |         `--Eunicida PE16
    |  `--Nerillidae H-S86
    |       |--Mesonerilla PE16
    |       |--Thalassochaetus Ax 1954 H-S86
    |       |    `--T. palpifoliaceus Ax 1954 TS02
    |       |--Afronerilla Faubel 1978 H-S86
    |       |    `--A. hartwigi Faubel 1978 H-S86
    |       |--Bathynerilla Faubel 1978 H-S86
    |       |    `--B. marina Faubel 1978 H-S86
    |       |--Nerillidopsis Jouin 1966 H-S86
    |       |    `--N. hyalina Jouin 1966 H-S86
    |       |--Psammoriedlia Kirsteuer 1966 H-S86
    |       |    `--P. ruperti Kirsteuer 1966 H-S86
    |       |--Troglochaetus Delachaux 1921 H-S86
    |       |    `--T. beranecki Delachaux 1921 H-S86
    |       |--Meganerilla Boaden 1961 H-S86
    |       |    |--M. clavata Magagnini 1966 H-S86
    |       |    `--M. swedmarki Boaden 1961 TS02
    |       |--Micronerilla TS02
    |       |    |--M. brevis Saphonov & Tzetlin 1997 TS02
    |       |    `--M. minuta TS02
    |       |--Nerilla Schmidt 1848 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. antennata Schmidt 1848 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. digitata Wieser 1957 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. inopinata Gray 1968 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. marginalis Tilzer 1970 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. mediterranea Schlieper 1925 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. parva Schmidt & Westheide 1977 H-S86
    |       |    |--N. sinica Wu, Chen & Sun 1980 H-S86
    |       |    `--N. stygicola Ax 1957 H-S86
    |       `--Nerillidium Remane 1925 H-S86
    |            |--N. gracile Remane 1925 H-S86
    |            |--N. levetzovi Remane 1949 H-S86
    |            |--N. lothari Schmidt & Westheide 1977 H-S86
    |            |--N. macropharyngeum Jouin 1970 H-S86
    |            |--N. mediterraneum Remane 1928 H-S86
    |            |--N. renaudae Join 1970 H-S86
    |            |--N. simplex Levi 1953 H-S86
    |            `--N. troglochaetoides Remane 1925 H-S86
    `--Canalipalpata [Capitellida, Drilomorpha, Sedentaria, Spiomorpha] PTV14
         |  i. s.: Keilorites Allan 1927 Ho62 [=Trachyderma Phillips 1848 non Latreille 1829 Ho62; Keiloritidae W93b]
         |           |--*K. crassituba (Chapman 1910) [=*Trachyderma crassituba] Ho62
         |           |--‘Trachyderma’ antiquissima H64
         |           |--K. coriacea (Phillips 1848) W93b
         |           `--K. squamosa (Phillips 1848) W93b
         |--+--+--+--Echiura PE16
         |  |  |  `--+--Aeolosomatida SS07
         |  |  |     `--Clitellata PE16
         |  |  `--+--Scolecida PE16
         |  |     `--Cossura Webster & Benedict 1887 PE16, J56 [Cossuridae]
         |  |          |--*C. longocirrata J56
         |  |          |--C. candida Hartman 1955 J56
         |  |          `--C. pygodactyla Jones 1956 J56
         |  `--+--Polygordiidae [Gymnotoma] RP07
         |     |    |--Polygordius PE16
         |     |    |--Rhamphogordius lacteus Rathke 1843 H69
         |     |    |--Linotrypane apogon M’Intosh 1875 H69
         |     |    `--Chaetogordius canaliculatus Moore 1904 H69
         |     `--+--Protodriloides Jouin 1966 PE16, H-S86 [Protodriloididae RF98]
         |        |    |--P. chaetifer (Remane 1926) H-S86
         |        |    `--P. symbioticus (Giard 1904) H-S86
         |        `--+--Saccocirrus PE16
         |           `--Protodrilidae RP07
         |                |--Protodrilus PE16
         |                `--Astomus Jouin 1979 H-S86
         |                     `--A. taenioides Jouin 1979 H-S86
         `--+--Spionida PE16
            `--+--+--Cirratuliformia PE16
               |  `--+--Orbiniidae PE16
               |     `--Paraonidae SS07
               |          |--Paraonis lyra PP64
               |          |--Cirrophorus lyra (Southern 1914) RP07
               |          `--Aricidea PE16
               |               |--A. cerrutii Laubier 1967 [=Acesta cerrutii] H-S86
               |               `--A. jeffreysii M62
               `--+--+--Maldanidae PE16
                  |  `--+--Terebelliformia PE16
                  |     `--Arenicolidae PE16
                  `--+--Oweniidae SS07
                     |    |--Myriochele RP07
                     |    `--Owenia PE16
                     |         |--O. collaris Hartman 1955 SS07
                     |         `--O. fusiformis delle Chiaje 1841 SS07
                     `--+--Sabellida PE16
                        `--Chaetopteridae SS07
                             |  i. s.: Spiochaetopterus costarum (Claparède 1870) SS07
                             |--Chaetopterus PE16
                             |    |--C. sarsi Boeck in Sars 1851 RP07
                             |    `--C. variopedatus (Renier 1804) SS07
                             `--+--Telepsavus RP07
                                `--Phyllochaetopterus RP07
                                     |--P. solitarius M62
                                     `--P. verrillii Treadwell 1943 H56

Annelida incertae sedis:
  Paranerilla limicola GO06
  Phyllobranchus Girard 1851 BR05
  Machaeridia PTV14
  Eumenia crassa MF02
  Amharete acutifrons GAS03
  Asabelides sibirica GAS03
  Praxillella praetermissa GAS03
  Chone teres KBC03
  Jugaria quadriangularis KBC03
  Circeis KBC03
    |--C. armoricana KBC03
    `--C. spirillum KBC03
  Hermilepidonotus robustus KBC03
  Genetylli castanea KBC03
  Polymnia trigonostoma KBC03
  Demonax fullo KBC03
  Neoamphitrite grayi KBC03
  Nicolea gracilibranchis KBC03
  Euthalenessa dendrolepis PP64
  Hermonia histrix M62
  Lagisca extenuata [incl. L. extenuata var. abyssorum] PP64
  Kefersteinia cirrata M62
  Podarke M62
    |--P. obscura H56
    `--P. pallida M62
  Langheransia cornuta M62
  Dialychone acustica M62
  Jasmineira BBB-S95
    |--J. candela M62
    `--J. elegans BBB-S95
  Praegeria remota M62
  Synelmis albini (Langerhans 1881) H-S86
  Adyte assimilis (McIntosh 1874) (see below for synonymy) BK77
  Antinoella sarsi [incl. Polynoe cirrata Grube 1876, Harmothoe cirrata] BK77
  Hermadion hyalinus BK77
  Subadyte pellucida (Ehlers 1864-1868) (see below for synonymy) BK77
  Phylo foetida [=Aricia foetida] BK77
  Hesperonoe adventor CH97
  Scolecolepides benhami HS01
  Hemipodus simplex HS01
  ‘Hedyle’ Malmgren 1865 non Guenée 1857 BR05
  Psammodrilidae [Psammodrilida] H-S86
    |--Psammodriloides Swedmark 1961 H-S86
    |    `--P. fauveli Swedmark 1961 H-S86
    `--Psammodrilus Swedmark 1953 H-S86
         |--P. aedificator Kristensen & Nørrevang 1982 H-S86
         `--P. balanoglossoides Swedmark 1952 TS02
  Steblospio benedicti R96
  Manayunkia speciosa KA01
  Hrabeiella periglandulata Pizl & Chalupsky 1984 RP07
  Ditrypa F71
    |--D. australis Bretnall 1921 F71
    `--D. brazieri Bretnall 1921 F71
  Augeneriella lagunari P71
  Theostoma oerstedi BBB-S95
  Arabellidae H56
    |--Notocirrus attenuatus (Treadwell 1906) [=Arabella attenuata] H56
    `--Arabella H56
         |--‘Aracoda’ attenuata Treadwell 1911 [=Drilonereis attenuata] H56
         |--A. iricolor (Montagu 1804) (see below for synonymy) H56
         |--A. iridescens Treadwell 1906 H56
         `--A. semimaculata (Moore 1911) [=Aracoda semimaculata; incl. Arab. pacifica Treadwell 1941] H56
  Laonome BBB-S95
    |--L. kroyeri BBB-S95
    `--L. salmacidis BBB-S95
  Audouinia BBB-S95
    |--A. filigera BBB-S95
    `--A. tentaculata BBB-S95
  Polyodontes BM88
    |--P. lupina (Stimpson 1856) BM88
    |--P. maxillosus M62
    |--P. oculea (Treadwell 1901) [=Panthalis oculea] H56
    `--P. panamensis (Chamberlin 1919) [=Panthalis panamensis; incl. Po. californicus Treadwell 1941] H56
  Leodicidae Ho62
  Lumbriconereidae Ho62
    |--Lumbriconereites Ehlers 1869 Ho62
    |    `--*L. deperditus Ehlers 1869 Ho62
    `--Lumbriconereis Grube 1840 Ho62
         |--*L. quadristriata Grube 1840 Ho62
         |--L. coccinea PP64
         `--L. paradoxa PP64
  Staurocephalitidae Ho62
    |--Staurocephalites Hinde 1879 Ho62
    |    `--*S. niagarensis Hinde 1879 Ho62
    `--Marlenites Eller 1945 Ho62
         `--*M. marginatus (Eller 1944) [=Oenonites marginatus] Ho62
  Ebetallites Žebera 1935 Ho62
    `--*E. ancoraeformis Žebera 1935 Ho62
  Ottawina Wilson 1948 Ho62
    `--*O. trentonensis Wilson 1948 Ho62
  Chloraemidae Ho62
    |--Chloraema Dujardin 1838 Ho62
    |    `--*C. edwardsii Dujardin 1838 Ho62
    |--Eotrophonia Ulrich 1878 Ho62
    |    `--*E. setigera Ulrich 1878 Ho62
    `--Siphonostomites Roverto 1904 Ho62
         `--*S. hesionoides (Massalongo 1855) [=Nereites hesionoides] Ho62
  Campylites Eichwald 1856 Ho62
    `--*C. longissimus (Sowerby 1839) [=Serpulites longissimus] Ho62
  Hammatopsis Hadding 1913 Ho62
    `--*H. scanicus Hadding 1913 Ho62
  Khemisina Termier & Termier 1951 Ho62
    `--*K. annulata Termier & Termier 1951 Ho62
  Lockportia Howell 1959 [=Dactylethra Ruedemann 1925 nec Cuvier 1829 nec Meyrick 1906] Ho62
    `--*L. conspicua (Ruedemann 1925) [=*Dactylethra conspicua] Ho62
  Oliveirania Maury 1927 Ho62
    `--*O. santacatharinae Maury 1927 Ho62
  Ruedemannella Howell 1959 (see below for synonymy) Ho62
    `--*R. obesa (Ruedemann 1925) [=*Bertiella obesa] Ho62
  Tubulella Howell 1949 [incl. Urotheca Matthew 1899 non Cocteau & Bibron 1843] Ho62
    |--*T. flagellum (Matthew 1899) Ho62 (see below for synonymy)
    |--T. pervetus (Matthew 1899) WS93
    `--T. terranovaensis Howell 1963 WS93
  Tubulelloides Howell 1949 Ho62
    `--*T. gracilis (Ruedemann 1916) [=Serpulites gracilis] Ho62
  Eopolychaetus Ruedemann 1901 Ho62
    `--*E. albaniensis Ruedemann 1901 Ho62
  Pontobdellopsis Ruedemann 1901 Ho62
    `--*P. cometa Ruedemann 1901 Ho62
  Lonchosaccus Ruedemann 1925 H75
    `--*L. uticanus Ruedemann 1925 H75
  Ladatheca L95
    |--*L. annae (Syssoiev 1959) D94
    |--L. cylindrica (Grabau 1900) L95
    `--L. sysoievi (Meshkova 1974) W93a
  ‘Hipponyx’ inexpectata Mestayer 1929 P61
  Peronochaeta [Peronochaetidae] E-J04
    `--P. dubia (Walcott 1911) [=Canadia dubia] E-J04
  Insolicorypha [Insilicoryphidae] E-J04
    `--I. psygma Conway Morris 1979 E-J04
  Stephenoscolex [Stephenoscolecidae] E-J04
    `--S. argutus Conway Morris 1979 E-J04
  Aberrantidae RF98
  Spintheridae RF98
  Hartmaniellidae RF98
  Histriobdellidae RF98
    |--Histriobdella van Beneden 1858 [incl. Histriodrilus Foettinger 1884] H69
    |    `--H. homari H69
    `--Stratiodrilus Haswell 1900 H69
         `--S. platensis H69
  Pallasia porrecta PP64
  Rhodine PG98
    |--R. intermedia PG98
    `--R. loveni [incl. R. loveni f. gracilior] PP64
  Pontogenia chrysocoma PP64
  Clymene lumbricoides PP64
  Scolaricia typica PP64
  Leiocapitella dollfusi PP64
  Nossis Kindberg 1865 KM17
  Psyrmobranchus protensus G84
  Arachnostega JB12
  Facivermis yunnanicus Hou & Chen 1989 W93b
  Maotianchaeta fuxianella C12
  Orthonectida SRT18
  Pharyngocirrus tridentiger SRT18
  Ramesses magnus Schram 1979 W93b
  Soris labiosus Schram 1979 W93b
  Cornulitidae C01
  Trophonia plumosa M01
  Panthalis H56
    |--P. evanida (Treadwell 1926) [=Eupanthalis evanida] H56
    |--P. pacifica Treadwell 1914 H56
    `--P. pustulata Treadwell 1924 [incl. Acoetes magnifica Treadwell 1929] H56
  Pareulepis [Pareulepidae] H56
    |--P. fimbriata (Treadwell 1901) [=Eulepis fimbriata] H56
    `--P. wyvillei (McIntosh 1885) [incl. Eulepis splendida Treadwell 1901] H56
  Eupanthalis H56
    |--E. maculosa (Treadwell 1931) [=Macellicephala maculosa] H56
    `--E. mutilata (Treadwell 1906) [=Polynoe mutilata; incl. E. oahuensis Treadwell 1906] H56
  Eupolyodontes elongata (Treadwell 1931) [=Iphionella elongata] H56
  Lysarete [Lysaretidae] H56
    `--L. brasiliensis Kinberg 1865 [incl. Oenone brevimaxillata Treadwell 1931] H56
  Chrysodon alveolatum G20
  Thia rostrata G20
  Eumolpe plana G20
  Levinsenia gracilis HG98
  Lysippe labiata HG98
  Paraprionospio coora PG98
  Euchone pallida PG98
  Kinbergonuphis proalopus PG98
  Rhamphobrachium (Spinigerum) averincevi PG98
  Leitoscoloplos kerguelensis PG98
  Vermiforma Cloud in Cloud et al. 1976 D78, G79
    `--*V. antiqua Cloud in Cloud et al. 1976 G79

Trace fossil: Trachyderma serrata Salter 1864 Ha62

Adyte assimilis (McIntosh 1874) [=Hermadion assimile, Scalisetosus assimilis; incl. H. echini Giard 1886] BK77

Annelida [Amphitrites, Archiannelida, Chaetopoda, Errantida, Naidina, Nereides, Palpata, Pharyngata, Plesiopora, Plesiotheca, Polychaeta, Sedentarida, Terebellida]

Arabella iricolor (Montagu 1804) [=Nereis iricolor; incl. A. dubia Treadwell 1922, Drilonereis pinnata Treadwell 1921, A. setosa Treadwell 1921] H56

Ruedemannella Howell 1959 [=Bertiella Ruedemann 1925 nec (Sacc.) Sacc. & Syd. 1899 (ICBN) nec Stiles & Hassall 1902 nec Kirschst. 1906 (ICBN)] Ho62

Subadyte pellucida (Ehlers 1864-1868) [=Polynoe pellucida, Adyte pellucida, Hermadion pellucidum, Lepidonotus pellucidus, Scalisetosus pellucidus; incl. H. fragile Clarapède 1868, H. fugax Giard 1890, H. sabatieri Darboux 1900] BK77

*Tubulella flagellum (Matthew 1899) Ho62 [=Urotheca flagellum Ho62; incl. Selkirkia pennsylvanica Resser & Howell 1938 SHB15]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

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Last updated: 20 November 2021.