Pleurotomarioidea

Trochotoma gansuensis, from Tong & Erwin (2001).

Belongs within: Vetigastropoda.
Contains: Pleurotomaria, Perotrochus.

The Pleurotomarioidea, slit shells, are a group of marine gastropods represented in the modern fauna only by the family Pleurotomariidae. Members of this group have a shell with a labral slit, followed by a corresponding selenizone (Bouchet et al. 2005). The Pleurotomariidae have a trochiform shell and are restricted in the modern fauna to deeper waters where they feed primarily on sponges.

<==Pleurotomarioidea
    |  i. s.: Mellarium Waterhouse 1960 W63c
    |           `--M. mutchi W63a
    |--Catantostoma Sandberger 1842 [Catantostomatidae, Catantostomatinae] BR05
    |    `--*C. clathratum Sandberger 1842 KC60
    |--Rhaphischisma Knight 1936 BR05 [=Rotellina de Koninck 1881 non Agassiz 1846 KC60; Rhaphischismatidae BR05]
    |    `--*R. planorbiformis (de Koninck 1881) [=*Rotellina planorbiformis] BR17
    |--Lancedellia Bandel 1991 [Lancedelliidae] BR17
    |    `--*L. costata (Zardini 1978) [=Paleunema costatum] BR17
    |--Stuorella Kittl 1891 KC60 [Stuorellidae BR17]
    |    `--*S. subconcava (Münster 1841) [=Trochus subconcavus] KC60
    |--Polytremariidae [Polytremariinae] BR05
    |    |--Polytremaria d’Orbigny 1850 BR05
    |    |    `--*P. catenata (de Koninck 1843) [=Pleurotomaria catenata] BR17
    |    `--Plocostoma Gemmellaro 1889 KC60
    |         |--*P. neumayri Gemmellaro 1890 KC60, TTE93 [=Pleurotomaria (*Plocostoma) neumayri KC60]
    |         |--P. josephina Gemmellaro 1890 TTE93
    |         `--P. piazzi Gemmellaro 1890 TTE93
    |--Zygitidae BR05
    |    |--Eirlysia Batten 1956 TE01
    |    |    |--*E. exquisita Batten 1956 KC60
    |    |    `--E. reticulata Batten 1958 W63b
    |    `--Zygites Kittl 1891 BR05
    |         |--Z. delphinula (Laube 1868) TE01 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |--Z. elegans Yin & Yochelson 1983 TTE93
    |         |--Z. laevigatus Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
    |         `--Z. marmorea (Koken 1897) TTE93
    |--Trochotomidae [Ditremariinae] BR05
    |    |--Valfinia Cox 1958 [=Didymodon Fischer 1885 nec Hedw. 1801 (ICBN) nec Blake 1863] KC60
    |    |    |--*V. quinquecincta (Zieten 1832) [=Trochus quinquecinctus, *Didymodon quinquecinctus] KC60
    |    |    `--V. thurmanni KC60
    |    `--Trochotoma Eudes-Deslongchamps 1842 BR05 (see below for synonymy)
    |         |  i. s.: T. orbita Pan 1982 TTE93
    |         |--T. (Trochotoma) KC60
    |         |    |--*T. (T.) conuloides Eudes-Deslongchamps 1842 BR17
    |         |    `--T. (T.) bicarinata (d’Orbigny 1843) KC60, BR17 [=Ditremaria bicarinata BR17]
    |         `--T. (Discotoma Haber 1934) TE01
    |              |--T. (*D.) amata (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Ditremaria amata] TE01
    |              |--T. (D.) gansuensis Tong & Erwin 2001 TE01
    |              `--‘Discotoma’ planoconvexa TE01
    |--Portlockiellidae BR05
    |    |--Agniesella Cossmann 1909 [=Pleuroderma Perner 1907 non Tschudi 1837] KC60
    |    |    `--*A. aratula (Perner 1907) [=Pleurotomaria (*Pleuroderma) aratula] KC60
    |    |--Latischisma Thomas 1940 KC60
    |    |    `--L. globosa Thomas 1940 W63c
    |    |--Tapinotomaria Batten 1956 KC60
    |    |    |--*T. rugosa Batten 1956 KC60
    |    |    `--T. mirabilis Batten 1958 PE02
    |    |--Portlockiella Knight 1945 BR05 [incl. Portlockia deKoninck 1881 non M’Coy 1846 KC60]
    |    |    |--*P. kentuckyensis Knight 1945 KC60
    |    |    |--‘Portlockia’ kamenkinsis G31
    |    |    `--‘Portlockia’ rotundata G31
    |    `--Shansiella Yin 1932 W63c
    |         |--*S. altispiralis Yin 1932 W63c
    |         |--S. carbonaria (Norwood & Pratten 1855) B79
    |         |--S. conica Batten 1958 W63c
    |         `--S. tabulata Batten 1958 W63c
    |--Pleurotomariidae [Pleurotomariae, Pleurotomariinae] A88
    |    |  i. s.: ‘Holopea’ obscura Hynda 1986 D94
    |    |--Pleurotomaria BR05
    |    |--Perotrochus A88
    |    |--Angyomphalus Cossmann 1916 P84
    |    |    `--*A. radians (deKoninck 1843) [=Euomphalus radians, Trepospira (*Angyomphalus) radians] KC60
    |    |--Mikadotrochus Lindholm 1927 HPA88
    |    |    |--*M. beyrichi (Hilger 1877) [=Pleurotomaria beyrichi] KC60
    |    |    `--M. hirasei HPA88
    |    |--Conotomaria Cox 1959 HPA88
    |    |    `--*C. mailleana (d’Orbigny 1843) [=Pleurotomaria mailleana] KC60
    |    |--Entemnotrochus Fischer 1885 HPA88
    |    |    `--*E. adansonianus (Crosse & Fischer 1861) [=Pleurotomaria adansoniana] KC60
    |    |--Bathrotomaria Cox 1956 KC60
    |    |    `--*B. reticulata (Sowerby 1821) [=Trochus reticulatus] KC60
    |    |--Obornella Cox 1959 KC60
    |    |    `--*O. plicopunctata (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1849) [=Pleurotomaria plicopunctata] KC60
    |    |--Chelotia Bayle in Fischer 1885 KC60
    |    |    `--*C. concava (Deshayes 1832) [=Pleurotomaria concava] KC60
    |    |--Pyrgotrochus Fischer 1885 KC60
    |    |    |--*P. bitorquatus (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1849) [=Pleurotomaria bitorquata] KC60
    |    |    `--P. luciensis C60
    |    `--Pleurotrochus Sherzer & Grabau 1909 S11, KC60
    |         |--P. atlanticus Rios & Matthews 1968 S11
    |         `--P. notialis Leme & Penna 1969 S11
    `--Phymatopleuridae W63c
         |--Dictyomaria capillaria (Conrad 1842) TTE93
         |--Paragoniozona Nelson 1947 KC60
         |    `--*P. nodolirata Nelson 1947 KC60
         |--Borestus Thomas 1940 [incl. Platypleurotomaria Wanner 1942] KC60
         |    `--*B. wrighti Thomas 1940 KC60
         |--Callitomaria Batten 1956 KC60
         |    `--*C. stanislavi Batten 1956 KC60
         |--Eymarella Cossmann 1897 [=Echetus Koken 1896 non Krøyer 1863] KC60
         |    `--*E. subscalariformis [=Pleurotomaria subscalariformis] KC60
         |--Lamellospira Batten 1958 KC60
         |    `--*L. conica Batten 1958 KC60
         |--Phymatopleura Girty 1939 BR05 [=Orestes Girty 1912 nec Blackinstone & Fryer 1880 nec Redtenbacher 1906 KC60]
         |    |--*P. nodosus (Girty 1911) [=*Orestes nodosus] BR17
         |    `--P. brazoensis W63c
         |--Euryalox Cossmann 1896 TE01 [=Sagana Koken 1896 non Walker 1855 KC60]
         |    |--*E. juvavica (Koken 1894) TE01 [=Pleurotomaria juvavica KC60, *Sagana juvavica KC60]
         |    `--E. subcancellata [=Pleurotomaria subcancellata d’Orbigny non Morris 1845] TE01
         |--Leptomaria Eudes-Deslongchamps 1864 TTE93, KC60
         |    |--*L. amoena (Eudes-Deslongchamps 1849) [=Pleurotomaria amoena] KC60
         |    `--L. sublevis Traub 1979 TTE93
         |--Codinella Kittl 1899 TE01
         |    |--*C. generelli (Stoppani 1858) [=Trochus generelli] TE01
         |    |--C. leda (Kittl 1894) TE01
         |    `--C. mammiformis TE01
         |--Glyptotomaria Knight 1945 KC60
         |    |--*G. (Glyptotomaria) apiarium Knight 1945 KC60
         |    `--G. (Dictyotomaria Knight 1945) KC60
         |         `--G. (*D.) scitula (Meek & Worthen 1861) [=Pleurotomaria scitula] KC60
         `--Discotomaria Batten 1956 P85
              |--*D. basisulcata Batten 1956 KC60
              |--D. klobukowskii (Mansuy 1912) P85, B79 (see below for synonymy)
              |--D. turritus (Delpey 1942) P85, B79 [=Euomphalus turritus P85, Discotropis turritus B79]
              `--D. xingwenensis Pan 1985 P85

Discotomaria klobukowskii (Mansuy 1912) P85, B79 [=Euomphalus klobukowskii P85, Discotropis klobukowskii B79; incl. E. rectangulus P85]

Trochotoma Eudes-Deslongchamps 1842 BR05 [incl. Ditremaria d’Orbigny 1843 BR05, Rimulus d’Orbigny 1842 (n. n.) KC60]

Zygites delphinula (Laube 1868) TE01 [=Pleurotomaria delphinula TE01, Delphinula cancellata Klipstein 1843 non Gray 1828 KC60, BR17, *Zygites cancellatus BR17]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A88] Askew, T. M. 1988. A new species of pleurotomariid gastropod from the western Atlantic. Nautilus 102 (3): 89–91.

[B79] Batten, R. L. 1979. Gastropods from Perak, Malaysia. Part 2. The trochids, patellids and neritids. American Museum Novitates 2685: 1–26.

[BR05] Bouchet, P., & J.-P. Rocroi. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47 (1–2): 1–397.

[BR17] Bouchet, P., J.-P. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl & E. E. Strong. 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61 (1–2): 1–526.

[C60] Cox, L. R. 1960. Gastropoda: general characteristics of Gastropoda. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I84–I169. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[D94] Dzik, J. 1994. Evolution of 'small shelly fossils' assemblages of the early Paleozoic. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 39 (3): 247–313.

[G31] Grabau, A. W. 1931. The Permian of Mongolia: A report on the Permian fauna of the Jisu Honguer limestone of Mongolia and its relations to the Permian of other parts of the world. American Museum of Natural History: New York.

[HPA88] Harasewych, M. G., S. A. Pomponi & T. M. Askew. 1988. Spongivory in pleurotomariid gastropods. Nautilus 102 (3): 92–98.

[KC60] Knight, J. B., L. R. Cox, A. M. Keen, R. L. Batten, E. L. Yochelson & R. Robertson. 1960. Gastropoda: systematic descriptions. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt I. Mollusca 1: Mollusca—General Features, Scaphopoda, Amphineura, Monoplacophora, Gastropoda—General Features, Archaeogastropoda and some (mainly Paleozoic) Caenogastropoda and Opisthobranchia pp. I169–I331. Geological Society of America, and University of Kansas Press.

[PE02] Pan, H.-Z., & D. H. Erwin. 2002. Gastropods from the Permian of Guangxi and Yunnan Provinces, south China. Journal of Paleontology 76 (Memoir 56): 1–49.

[P85] Pan Y.-T. 1985. Fossil Gastropoda from the Permian of Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 24 (1): 29–37.

[P84] Peel, J. S. 1984. Autecology and systematics of a new Silurian anomphalid gastropod from western North Greenland. Rapp. Grønlands geol. Unders. 121: 77–87.

[S11] Simone, L. R. L. 2011. Phylogeny of the Caenogastropoda (Mollusca), based on comparative morphology. Arquivos de Zoologia 42 (4): 161–323.

[TE01] Tong, J., & D. H. Erwin. 2001. Triassic gastropods of the southern Qinling Mountains, China. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 92: 1–47.

[TTE93] Tracey, S., J. A. Todd & D. H. Erwin. 1993. Mollusca: Gastropoda. In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 131–167. Chapman & Hall: London.

[W63a] Waterhouse, J. B. 1963a. Permian gastropods of New Zealand. Part 1—Bellerophontacea and Euomphalacea. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 6 (1): 88–112.

[W63b] Waterhouse, J. B. 1963b. Permian gastropods of New Zealand. Part 2—Pleurotomariacea (in part). New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 6 (2): 115–154.

[W63c] Waterhouse, J. B. 1963c. Permian gastropds of New Zealand. Part 3—Pleurotomariacea (concluded). New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 6 (4): 587–622.

Last updated: 19 June 2021.