Climacograptus

Climacograptus bicornis, from the Natural History Museum.

Belongs within: Eugraptoloida.

Climacograptus is a genus of graptoloids known from the Lower Ordovician to Lower Silurian, with a biserial and nearly circular rhabdosome (Bulman 1970).

Characters (from Bulman 1970): Rhabdosome nearly circular in cross section, scalariform views consequently common; thecae strongly geniculate, with deep apertural excavations, supragenicular wall straight, parallel to axis of rhabdosome.

<==Climacograptus Hall 1865 [incl. Paraclimacograptus Přibyl 1947] B70
    |--*C. bicornis (Hall 1848) B70 [=Graptolithus bicornis B70; incl. C. bicornis var. longispina Hall 1902 F71]
    |--C. affinis Hall 1900 F71
    |--C. antiquus F71
    |    |--C. a. antiquus B70
    |    `--C. a. bursifer B70
    |--C. baragwanathi B70
    |--C. caudatus F71
    |--C. ensiformis B70
    |--C. hastatas Hall 1902 F71
    |--C. innotatus Nicholson 1869 [=*Paraclimacograptus innotatus] B70
    |--C. inuiti RC79
    |--C. medius RG04
    |--C. missilis F71
    |--C. papilio B70
    |--C. parvus B70
    |--C. peltifer F71
    |--C. ramulus (White 1871) [=Graptolithus (Climacograptus) ramulus] W77
    |--C. rectangularis B70
    |--C. scalaris B70
    |--C. tridentatus F71
    |--C. tubuliferus F71
    |--C. typicalis B70
    |--C. venustus B70
    `--C. wilsoni [incl. C. wilsoni var. tubularis] F71

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B70] Bulman, O. M. B. 1970. Graptolithina with sections of Enteropneusta and Pterobranchia. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part V 2^nd ed. (C. Teichert, ed.) pp. V1-V149. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and the University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1-167.

[RG04] Racheboeuf, P. R., R. Gourvennec, M. Deynoux & D. Brice. 2004. The Devonian of the Hodh area (Islamic Republic of Mauritania): Paleontology and stratigraphy. Journal of Paleontology 78 (1): 98-110.

[RC79] Rickards, R. B., & P. R. Crowther. 1979. New observations on the mode of life, evolution and ultrastructure of graptolites. In Biology and Systematics of Colonial Organisms (G. Larwood & B. R. Rosen, eds) pp. 397-410. Academic Press: London.

[W77] White, C. A. 1877. Report upon the invertebrate fossils collected in portions of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, by parties of the expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. U.S. Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian 4 (1): 1-219, pls 211-221.