Periechocrinacea

Periechocrinus costatus, from here.

Belongs within: Compsocrinina.
Contains: Actinocrinitidae.

The Periechocrinacea are a group of crinoids known from the Silurian to the Upper Permian (Ubaghs 1978b).

Characters (from Ubaghs 1978b): Three equal basal (sutures typically in B and E rays and CD interray) but may be ankylosed; first primibrachs hexagonal, but quadrangular in advanced members; primanal heptagonal, followed by three plates in next higher row, or hexagonal with two plates in second row.

Periechocrinacea [Actinocrinites, Periechocrinicae, Periechocrinites, Periechocriniticae]
    |--Actinocrinitidae U78b
    |--Amphoracrinidae U78b
    |    |--Amphoracrinus Austin 1848 U78b
    |    |    `--*A. gilbertsoni Miller in Phillips 1836 [=Actinocrinus gilbertsoni] U78b
    |    |--Ectocrinus Wright 1955 U78b
    |    |    `--*E. olla (McCoy 1849) [=Actinocrinus (Amphoracrinus) olla] U78b
    |    `--Pimlicocrinus Wright 1943 U78b
    |         `--*P. clitheroensis (Wright 1942) [=Amphoracrinus clitheroensis] U78b
    |--Paragaricocrinidae U78b
    |    |--Paragaricocrinus Yakovlev 1934 U78b
    |    |    `--*P. mediterraneus Yakovlev 1934 U78b
    |    |--Iberocrinus Sieverts-Doreck 1951 U78b
    |    |    `--*I. multibrachiatus Sieverts-Doreck 1951 U78b
    |    |--Wannerocrinus Marez Oyens 1940 U78b
    |    |    `--*W. glans Marez Oyens 1940 U78b
    |    `--Megaliocrinus Moore & Laudon 1942 U78b
    |         |--*M. aplatus Moore & Laudon 1942 U78b
    |         `--M. exotericus Strimple 1951 U78b
    `--Periechocrinidae [Periechocrinitidae, Saccocrininae] WM03
         |--Thamnocrinus Goldring 1923 U78b
         |    `--*T. springeri Goldring 1923 U78b
         |--Pradocrinus de Verneuil 1850 U78b
         |    `--*P. baylii de Verneuil 1850 U78b
         |--Lenneocrinus Jaekel 1918 U78b
         |    `--*L. cirratus Jaekel 1918 U78b
         |--Aryballocrinus Breimer 1962 U78b
         |    `--*A. whitei (Hall 1861) [=Actinocrinus (Megistocrinus) whitei] U78b
         |--Beyrichocrinus Waagen & Jahn 1899 U78b
         |    `--*B. humilis Waagen & Jahn 1899 U78b
         |--Corocrinus Goldring 1923 U78b
         |    `--*C. ornatus Goldring 1923 U78b
         |--Pithocrinus Kirk 1945 U78b
         |    `--*P. cooperi Kirk 1945 U78b
         |--Stamnocrinus Breimer 1962 U78b
         |    `--*S. intrastigmatus (Schmidt 1932) [=Saccocrinus intrastigmatus] U78b
         |--Athabascocrinus Laudon, Parks & Spreng 1952 WM03
         |    |--*A. colemanensis Laudon, Parks & Spreng 1952 WM03
         |    `--A. orientale Waters, Maples et al. 2003 WM03
         |--Pyxidocrinus Müller 1855 U78b
         |    |--*P. prumiensis (Zeiler & Wirtgen 1855) [=Actinocrinus prumiensis] U78b
         |    `--P. collensis U78b
         |--Gennaeocrinus Wachsmuth & Springer 1881 U78b
         |    |--*G. kentuckiensis (Shumard 1868) [=Actinocrinus kentuckiensis] U78b
         |    |--G. eucharis U78b
         |    `--G. mourantae U78a
         |--Megistocrinus Owen & Shumard 1852 [incl. Tylocrinus Wood 1904] U78b
         |    |--*M. evansii (Owen & Shumard 1850) [=Actinocrinus evansii] U78b
         |    |--M. nobilis U78b
         |    `--M. nodosus U78a
         |--Stiptocrinus Kirk 1946 U78b
         |    |--*S. spinosus Kirk 1946 U78b
         |    |--S. benedicti U78b
         |    `--S. nodosus U78b
         `--Periechocrinus Morris 1843 (see below for synonymy) U78b
              |--*P. costatus (Austin & Austin 1843) (see below for synonymy) U78b
              |--P. indicator Etheridge 1892 F71
              |--‘*Saccocrinus’ speciosus Hall 1852 U78b
              `--P. whitfieldi U78a

Nomen nudum: *Crumenaecrinites ovalis Troost 1850 [=*Crumenaecrinus ovalis] U78b

Periechocrinus Morris 1843 [=Geocrinus d’Orbigny 1850, Periechocrinites Bassler 1938 non Austin & Austin 1843, Periecocrinites Austin & Austin 1842 (n. n.); incl. Crumenaecrinites Troost 1850 (n. n.), Crumenaecrinus Bather in Lankester 1900, Saccocrinus Hall 1852] U78b

*Periechocrinus costatus (Austin & Austin 1843) [=Periechocrinites costatus, *Geocrinus costatus; incl. Actinocrinites moniliformis Phillips in Murchison 1839 non Miller 1821] U78b

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[F71] Fletcher, H. O. 1971. Catalogue of type specimens of fossils in the Australian Museum, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoir 13: 1-167.

[U78a] Ubaghs, G. 1978a. Skeletal morphology of fossil crinoids. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea (R. C. Moore & C. Teichert, eds) vol. 1 pp. T58-T216. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[U78b] Ubaghs, G. 1978b. Camerata. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea (R. C. Moore & C. Teichert, eds) vol. 2 pp. T408-T519. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

[WM03] Waters, J. A., C. G. Maples, N. G. Lane, S. Marcus, Liao Z.-T., Liu L., Hou H.-F. & Wang J.-X. 2003. A quadrupling of Famennian pelmatozoan diversity: New Late Devonian blastoids and crinoids from northwest China. Journal of Paleontology 77 (5): 922-948.