Ankylosaurinae

Skeletal reconstruction of Pinacosaurus, copyright Kabacchi.

Belongs within: Ankylosauria.

The Ankylosaurinae is a clade of ankylosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Asia and North America that has been defined as including all taxa closer to Ankylosaurus than Shamosaurus (Vickaryous et al. 2004). Well known members of the group include the North American Euoplocephalus tutus, one of the the largest ankylosaurs reaching a length of around six metres.

Synapomorphies (from Vickaryous et al. 2004): Nuchal shelf obscuring occiput in dorsal view; quadrate condyle obscured laterally by quadratojugal boss; buccal emargination strongly concave.

<==Ankylosaurinae VMW04
    |  i. s.: Nodocephalosaurus Sullivan 1999 VMW04
    |           `--N. kirtlandensis Sullivan 1999 VMW04
    |--Tsagantegia Tumanova 1993 VMW04
    |    `--T. longicranialis Tumanova 1993 VMW04
    `--+--Tarchia Maryańska 1977 VMW04
       |    `--T. gigantea (Maleev 1956) [=Dyoplosaurus giganteus; incl. T. kielanae Maryańska 1977] VMW04
       `--+--+--Euoplocephalus Lambe 1910 (see below for synonymy) VMW04
          |  |    `--E. tutus (Lambe 1902) VMW04 (see below for synonymy)
          |  `--Ankylosaurus Brown 1908 VMW04
          |       `--A. magniventris Brown 1908 VMW04
          `--+--Saichania Maryańska 1977 VMW04
             |    `--S. chulsanensis Maryańska 1977 VMW04
             |--Talarurus Maleev 1952 VMW04
             |    `--T. plicatospineus Maleev 1952 VMW04
             `--Pinacosaurus Gilmore 1933 VMW04 [incl. Ninghsiasaurus N85, Virminicaudus N85]
                  |--P. grangeri Gilmore 1933 (see below for synonymy) VMW04
                  `--+--P. mephistocephalus Godefroit, Pereda-Suberbiola et al. 1999 VMW04
                     `--Tianzhenosaurus Pang & Cheng 1998 VMW04
                          `--T. youngi Pang & Cheng 1998 VMW04

Euoplocephalus Lambe 1910 [=Stereocephalus Lambe 1902 (preoc.); incl. Anodontosaurus Sternberg 1929, Dyoplosaurus Parks 1924, Scolosaurus Nopcsa 1928] VMW04

Euoplocephalus tutus (Lambe 1902) VMW04 [=Stereocephalus tutus VMW04; incl. Dyoplosaurus acutosquameus Parks 1924 VMW04, Euoplocephalus acutosquameus D07, Scolosaurus cutleri Nopcsa 1929 VMW04, E. cutleri N85, Anodontosaurus lambei Sternberg 1929 VMW04]

Pinacosaurus grangeri Gilmore 1933 [incl. P. ninghsiensis Young 1935, Syrmosaurus viminicaudus Maleev 1952] VMW04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[D07] Dixon, D. 2007. The Complete Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs & Prehistoric Creatures. Hermes House: London.

[N85] Norman, D. 1985 (reprinted 2000). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Salamander Books: London.

[VMW04] Vickaryous, M. K., T. Maryańska & D. B. Weishampel. 2004. Ankylosauria. In: Weishampel, D. B., P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (eds) The Dinosauria 2^nd ed. pp. 363–392. University of California Press: Berkeley.

Last updated: 6 August 2017.