Heteropachylinae

Male Heteropachylus inexpectabilis, copyright Pedro H. Martins.

Belongs within: Gonyleptidae.

The Heteropachylinae are a group of gonyleptid harvestmen in which the males have the first two free tergites of the opisthosoma fused to the dorsal scutum (Mendes 2011).

Characters (from Mendes 2011): Scutum length about 5 mm, anterior border of carapace usually with tubercles or granules. Eye mound wider than long, convex, not located directly on anterior margin of carapace, bearing pair of tubercles or granules. Area III with variable armature, mostly with pair of paramedian small tubercles. Males with at least free tergites I and II fused to the dorsal scutum, free tergite II bearing median apophysis (rarely reduced or absent) and armature on corners. Ozopore with V-shaped cut at posterior rim of anterior opening slit. Sternite V double the size of the others in lateral view. Basichelicerite smooth, with ventral granule, bulla well marked; cheliceral hand smooth, with bristles mainly on distal portion. Calcaneus I slightly thicker than astragalus I. Coxae I–II with a pair of dorsal apophyses each, those of coxa II bifurcate. Male coxa IV hypertelic, bearing apical apophysis on the prolateral margin (small spine in females). Male trochanter IV wider than long, with apical curve apophysis on the prolateral margin and acuminate on the retrolateral margin (trochanter narrow in females with apical prolateral spine). Femur IV short, curved in dorsal view, bearing rows of tubercles and apical apophyses in males. Male genitalia with ventral plate subrectangular, slightly narrower at basal portion, distal border concave, without lateral lobes, excavated on dorsolateral surface seeming to be divided into ventral and dorsal layers and ventrally covered with minute setae; blunt small rounded ventral setae and five pairs of dorsal spiniform setae; glans without ventral process, in some cases bearing a dorsal digitiform process. Stylus with subapical small setae.

<==Heteropachylinae
    |--Aesotrinoma Soares 1977 K03
    |    `--*A. crassicalcanei Soares 1977 K03
    |--Chavesincola Soares & Soares 1946 K03
    |    `--*C. inexpectabilis Soares & Soares 1946 K03
    |--Melloa Roewer 1930 K03
    |    `--*M. incerta (Mello-Leitão 1928) [=*Heterogonyleptes incertus] K03
    |--Pseudopucrolia Roewer 1912 (see below for synonymy) K03
    |    `--P. mutica (Perty 1833) (see below for synonymy) K03
    |--Thaumatoleptes Roewer 1930 K03
    |    `--*T. rugosus Roewer 1930 K03
    |--Tribunosoma Roewer 1943 K03
    |    `--*T. discrepans Roewer 1943 K03
    |--Heteropachylus Roewer 1913 K03
    |    |--*H. spiniger Roewer 1913 K03
    |    |--H. inexpectabilis (Soares & Soares 1946) C-FL13
    |    `--H. peracchii Soares & Soares 1974 K03
    `--Mangaratiba Mello-Leitão 1940 [incl. Canopilio Soares 1968] K03
         |--*M. monstrosa Mello-Leitão 1940 K03
         |--M. acanthoproctus (Soares 1968) KA-Z11 [=*Canopilio acanthoproctus K03, M. acanthoprocta (l. c.) K03]
         `--M. angulispinosis (Soares 1966) KA-Z11 [=Piresa angulispinosis K03, M. angulispinosa K03]

Pseudopucrolia Roewer 1912 [incl. Heterogonyleptes Roewer 1913, Pseudotriaenosoma Mello-Leitão 1927, Triaenosoma Roewer 1913] K03

Pseudopucrolia mutica (Perty 1833) [=Eusarcus muticus, Eusarchus (l. c.) muticus, Gonyleptes muticus, *Heterogonyleptes muticus; incl. Triaenosoma bahiensis Mello-Leitão 1926, *Pseudotriaenosoma pickeli Mello-Leitão 1927, *T. singularis Roewer 1913, *Pseudopucrolia spinosa Roewer 1912] K03

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[C-LF13] Cruz-López, J. A., & O. F. Francke. 2013. On the enigmatic genus Philora: familial assignment and taxonomic revision (Opiliones: Laniatores: Stygnopsidae). Journal of Arachnology 41: 291–305.

[K03] Kury, A. B. 2003. Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología, volumen especial monográfico 1: 1–337.

[KA-Z11] Kury, A. B., & M. A. Alonso-Zarazaga. 2011. Addenda and corrigenda to the "Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones)". Zootaxa 3034: 47–68.

Mendes, A. C. 2011. Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Heteropachylinae (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163: 437–483.