Hemicidaroida

Tetragramma variolare, from the Natural History Museum.

Belongs within: Echinacea.

The Hemicidaroida are a group of echinoids with a stirodont lantern and perforate primary tubercles known from the Upper Triassic to the Upper Cretaceous (Fell & Pawson 1966).

<==Hemicidaroida [Hemicidarina]
    |  i. s.: Allomma Pomel 1883 FP66
    |           `--*A. normanniae (Cotteau 1863) [=Pseudodiadema normanniae] FP66
    |         Colpotiara Pomel 1883 FP66
    |           `--*C. matheyi (de Loriol 1870) [=Heterodiadema matheyi] FP66
    |         Trochodiadema de Loriol 1900 FP66
    |           `--*T. abramense de Loriol 1900 FP66
    |--Hemicidaridae FP66
    |    |--Cidaropsis Cotteau 1863 FP66
    |    |    `--*C. minor (Agassiz 1840) [=Hemicidaris minor] FP66
    |    |--Hessotiara Pomel 1883 FP66
    |    |    `--*H. florescens (Agassiz 1840) [=Diadema florescens] FP66
    |    |--Heterodiadema Cotteau 1864 FP66
    |    |    `--*H. libycum (Desor 1846) [=Hemicidaris libyca] FP66
    |    |--Asterocidaris Cotteau 1859 FP66
    |    |    |--*A. notodi Cotteau 1859 FP66
    |    |    `--A. minor FP66
    |    |--Gymnocidaris Agassiz 1838 [incl. Prodiadema Pomel 1869] FP66
    |    |    |--*G. diademata (Agassiz 1838) [=Hemicidaris diademata] FP66
    |    |    `--‘Cidarites’ agassizi Roemer 1839 [=*Prodiadema agassizi] FP66
    |    |--Plesiocidaris Pomel 1883 FP66
    |    |    |--*P. alpina (Agassiz 1840) [=Hemicidaris alpina] FP66
    |    |    `--P. durandi FP66
    |    |--Hemicidaris Agassiz 1838 [incl. Hemipygus Etallon 1859] FP66
    |    |    |--*H. crenularis (Lamarck 1816) (see below for synonymy) FP66
    |    |    |--H. glasvillei FP66
    |    |    `--H. mondegoensis FP66
    |    |--Hemitiaris Pomel 1883 FP66
    |    |    |--*H. stramonium (Agassiz 1840) [=Hemicidaris stramonium] FP66
    |    |    |--H. morinica FP66
    |    |    `--H. purbeckensis FP66
    |    |--Sphaerotiaris Lambert & Thiéry 1914 [=Tiaris Quenstedt 1873 (preoc.); incl. Dorytiaris Beurlin 1937] FP66
    |    |    |--*S. quenstedti (Merian in Desor 1858) [=Hemicidaris quenstedti, *Tiaris quenstedti] FP66
    |    |    |--‘Hemicidaris’ intermedia Fleming 1828 [=*Dorytiaris intermedia] FP66
    |    |    `--S. koechlini FP66
    |    `--Pseudocidaris Étallon 1859 FP66
    |         |--*P. thurmanni (Agassiz 1840) [=Hemicidaris thurmanni] FP66
    |         |--P. clunifera FP66
    |         |--P. lusitanica FP66
    |         |--P. mammosa FP66
    |         |--P. rupellensis FP66
    |         `--P. subcrenularis FP66
    `--Pseudodiadematidae FP66
         |--Dumblea Cragin 1893 FP66
         |    `--*D. symmetrica Cragin 1893 FP66
         |--Loriolia Neumayr 1881 [=Heterotiara Pomel 1883] FP66
         |    `--*L. foucardi (Cotteau 1851) [=Diadema foucardi, *Heterotiara foucardi] FP66
         |--Microdiadema Cotteau 1863 FP66
         |    `--*M. richerianum (Cotteau 1869) [=Arbacia richeriana] FP66
         |--Pedinopsis Cotteau 1863 FP66
         |    `--*P. meridanensis Cotteau 1863 FP66
         |--Tiaromma Pomel 1883 FP66
         |    `--*T. schlueteri (de Loriol 1887) [=Pseudodiadema schlueteri] FP66
         |--Diplopodia M’Coy 1848 [incl. Polyplodia Valette 1906, Pseudoplopodia Valette 1906] FP66
         |    |--*D. pentagona M’Coy 1848 FP66
         |    `--D. morieri FP66
         |--Pseudodiadema Desor 1855 [incl. Aplodiadema de Loriol 1902, Stereopyga Pomel 1883] FP66
         |    |--*P. pseudodiadema (Lamarck 1816) [=Cidarites pseudodiadema] FP66
         |    |--P. langi Desor 1868 [=*Aplodiadema langi] FP66
         |    `--P. moorei Wright 1857 [=*Stereopyga moorei] FP66
         |--Acrocidaris Agassiz 1840 [incl. Acrotiaris Quenstedt 1872] FP66
         |    |--*A. nobilis Agassiz 1840 FP66
         |    |--A. formosa FP66
         |    `--A. minor FP66
         |--Hypodiadema Desor 1858 [incl. Gymnotiara Pomel 1883] FP66
         |    |--*H. saleniforme (Desor 1853) [=Hemicidaris saleniformis] FP66
         |    |--H. desoriana FP66
         |    `--‘Pseudodiadema’ varusense Cotteau 1880 [=*Gymnotiara varusensis] FP66
         |--Polydiadema Lambert 1888 (see below for synonymy) FP66
         |    |--*P. mamillanum (Roemer 1836) (see below for synonymy) FP66
         |    |--‘*Leptarbacia’ argutus Clark & Twitchell 1915 FP66
         |    |--P. tenue FP66
         |    `--‘*Polypedina’ tounatensis Lambert 1933 FP66
         |--Trochotiara Lambert 1901 [incl. Tiarella Pomel 1883 nec Swainson 1840 nec Schultze 1876] FP66
         |    |--*T. prisca (Agassiz 1840) [=Diadema priscum] FP66
         |    |--T. bourgeti FP66
         |    |--T. guathieri FP66
         |    `--T. thiriai FP66
         `--Tetragramma Agassiz 1840 (see below for synonymy) FP66
              |--*T. variolare (Brongniart 1821) [=Cidarites variolare, *Acanthechinopsis variolare] FP66
              |--T. argonnensis Lambert 1925 [=*Strictotiara argonnensis] FP66
              |--T. malbosi FP66
              |--T. raulini FP66
              |--T. renevieri FP66
              `--‘Pseudodiadema’ subangulatum Stoliczka 1873 [=*Orthodiadema subangulatum] FP66

*Hemicidaris crenularis (Lamarck 1816) [=Cidarites crenularis; incl. H. intermedia Cotteau 1880 non Fleming 1828] FP66

Polydiadema Lambert 1888 [=Plesiodiadema Duncan 1885 non Pomel 1883; incl. Leptarbacia Clark & Twitchell 1915, Placodiadema Duncan 1889, Polypedina Lambert 1933] FP66

*Polydiadema mamillanum (Roemer 1836) [=Cidaris mamillanum, *Plesiodiadema mamillanum; incl. Pseudodiadema davidsoni Wright 1857, Polydiadema davidsoni] FP66

Tetragramma Agassiz 1840 [=Acanthechinopsis Gregory 1906; incl. Hexagramma Pomel 1883, Orthodiadema Lambert & Thiéry 1908, Strictotiara Lambert & Thiéry 1925] FP66

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[FP66] Fell, H. B., & D. L. Pawson. 1966. Echinacea. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt U. Echinodermata 3 vol. 2 pp. U367–U440. The Geological Society of America, Inc., and The University of Kansas Press.