Belongs within: Caryophyllales.
Contains: Suaeda, Camphorosmeae, Atriplex, Chenopodium, Dysphania, Einadia, Rhagodia, Halosarcia, Tecticornia.
The Chenopodiaceae are a cosmopolitan family of herbs and shrubs with small, greenish flowers (Allan 1961). Members include the genus Salsola, saltworts, a group of herbs or subshrubs (rarely shrubs or small trees), native to the western Palaearctic but widely introduced elsewhere, with mostly alternate leaves that often narrow terminally to a spine or soft bristle. The Salicornioideae are leafless plants with succulent, jointed stems that usually have the flowers surrounded by succulent bracts (Wilson 1984). They are commonly found growing in salty habitats such as salt marshes or the shores of salt lakes; the species Salicornia europaea (glasswort) is eaten as a herb.
Characters (from Allan 1961): Annual to perennial herbs or shrubs with mostly alternate, simple, exstipulate leaves. Flowers very small, often bracted, greenish, perfect or unisexual, regular or nearly so. Perianth 3–5-lobed or absent; often accrescent in female; stamens usually 3–5, free, anthers 2-celled. Ovary 1-celled, indehiscent; embryo annular.
<==Chenopodiaceae
|--Polycnemoideae T00
| |--Polycnemum T00
| |--Hemichroa pentandra T00, LK14
| `--Nitrophila T00
| |--N. mohavensis H93
| `--N. occidentalis H93
|--Chenopodioideae T00
| |--Camphorosmeae M99
| |--Beta L. 1753 W84 [Beteae M99]
| | |--*B. vulgaris L. 1753 W84
| | | | i. s.: B. v. var. esculenta K-WK92
| | | |--B. v. ssp. vulgaris W84
| | | `--B. v. ssp. maritima (L.) Thell. 1912 (see below for synonymy) W84
| | `--B. procumbens A02
| |--Atripliceae M99
| | |--Atriplex FO03
| | |--Endolepis FO03
| | |--Proatriplex FO03
| | `--Theleophyton Moq. in DC. 1849 FO03, W84 (see below for synonymy)
| | `--*T. billardierei (Moq.) Moq. in DC. 1849 W84 (see below for synonymy)
| `--Chenopodieae W84
| |--Chenopodium W84
| |--Dysphania W84
| |--Einadia W84
| |--Rhagodia W84
| |--Scleroblitum Ulbr. 1934 [=Chenopodium sect. Atriplicina Aellen 1931] W84
| | `--*S. atriplicinum (Muell.) Ulbr. 1934 (see below for synonymy) W84
| `--Monolepis Schrader 1830 W84
| |--*M. trifida (Trevir.) Schrader 1830 W84
| |--M. nuttalliana H93
| |--M. pusilla H93
| `--M. spatulata Gray 1868 W84
|--Salicornioideae [Salicornieae] T00
| |--Halosarcia W84
| |--Tecticornia W84
| |--Tegicornia Wilson 1980 W84
| | `--*T. uniflora Wilson 1980 W84
| |--Pachycornia Hook. in Benth. & Hook. 1880 W84
| | `--*P. triandra (Muell.) Black 1924 (see below for synonymy) W84
| |--Sclerostegia Wilson 1980 W84
| | |--*S. tenuis (Benth.) Wilson 1980 (see below for synonymy) W84
| | |--S. arbuscula (Br.) Wilson 1980 (see below for synonymy) W84
| | |--S. disarticulata Wilson 1980 W84
| | |--S. medullosa Wilson 1980 W84
| | `--S. moniliformis Wilson 1980 W84
| |--Salicornia Linnaeus 1753 A61
| | |--S. bigelovii M83
| | |--S. europaea [incl. S. rubra] H93
| | |--S. fruticosa P05
| | |--S. herbacea PP64
| | |--S. subterminalis H93
| | |--S. utahensis H93
| | `--S. virginica H93
| `--Sarcocornia Scott 1977 W84
| |--*S. perennis (Miller) Scott 1977 W84
| |--S. blackiana (Ulbr.) Scott 1978 (see below for synonymy) W84
| |--S. fruticosa PM09
| |--S. globosa Wilson 1980 W84
| `--S. quinqueflora (Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) Scott 1977 (see below for synonymy) W84
| |--S. q. ssp. quinqueflora W84
| `--S. q. ssp. tasmanica Wilson 1980 W84
`--Salsola L. 1753 W84 [Salsoleae, Salsoloideae T00]
|--*S. soda L. 1753 W84
|--S. albisepala CV06
|--S. arborea CV06
|--S. aroabica CV06
|--S. baryosma (Roem. & Schult.) Dandy in Andrews 1950 (see below for synonymy) SY72
|--S. campyloptera CV06
|--S. cauliflora CV06
|--S. columnaris CV06
|--S. cryptoptera CV06
|--S. denudata CV06
|--S. dinteri CV06
|--S. dolichostigma CV06
|--S. etoshensis CV06
|--S. garubica CV06
|--S. gemmata CV06
|--S. giessii CV06
|--S. hoanibica CV06
|--S. hottentottica CV06
|--S. huabica CV06
|--S. iberica RJ11
|--S. inermis GR98
|--S. kali L. 1753 (see below for synonymy) W84
| |--S. k. ssp. kali W84
| |--S. ‘tragus’ ssp. grandiflora LK14
| `--S. k. ssp. tragus W84
|--S. kleinfonteini CV06
|--S. koichabica CV06
|--S. longifolia GR98
|--S. marginata CV06
|--S. mirabilis CV06
|--S. namibica CV06
|--S. nepalensis O88
|--S. okaukuejensis CV06
|--S. omaruruensis CV06
|--S. parviflora CV06
|--S. paulsenii H93
|--S. pazetzkiana S00
|--S. procera CV06
|--S. ptiloptera CV06
|--S. richteri S00
|--S. robinsonii CV06
|--S. schreiberae CV06
|--S. scopiformis CV06
|--S. seminuda CV06
|--S. seydelii CV06
|--S. spenceri CV06
|--S. swakopmundi CV06
|--S. tetragona B28
|--S. ugabica CV06
|--S. unjabica CV06
|--S. vermiculata H93
`--S. volkensii DH98
Chenopodiaceae incertae sedis:
Axyris V09
|--A. amaranthoides V09
`--A. prostrata O88
Borsczowia YY22
Ceratocarpus YY22
Microgynoecium tibeticum O88
Suckleya YY22
Arthrocnemum PT98
|--A. fruticosum C55
`--A. macrostachyum PT98
Halopeplis YY22
Heterostachys YY22
Kalidium YY22
Microcnemum YY22
Suaeda MM09
Agathophora YY22
Alexandra YY22
Bienertia YY22
Exomis YY22
Halogeton H93
|--H. glomeratus H93
`--H. sativus W84
Hypocylix YY22
Kirilowia YY22
Krascheninnikovia H93
|--K. ceratoides O88
`--K. lanata [=Ceratoides lanata, Eurotia lanata] H93
Halimione pedenculata F92
Allenrolfea H93
|--A. occidentalis H93
`--A. vaginata RH96
Aphanisma blitoides H93
Corispermum hyssopifolium H93
Grayia spinosa [=Atriplex spinosa] H93
Salicornites massalongoi Principi 1926 CBH93
Polyporina cribraria Srivastava 1969 CBH93
Anserina Dumort. 1827 KC01
Esfandiaria Charif & Aellen 1955 KC01
Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima (L.) Thell. 1912 [=B. maritima L. 1762, B. vulgaris var. maritima (L.) Moq. in DC. 1849, B. vulgaris var. perennis L. 1753] W84
*Pachycornia triandra (Muell.) Black 1924 [=Arthrocnemum triandrum Muell. 1859, Salicornia triandra (Muell.) Druce 1917, S. robusta Muell. 1868 (nom. illeg.), Pachycornia robusta (Muell.) Baillon 1887 (nom. illeg.)] W84
Salsola baryosma (Roem. & Schult.) Dandy in Andrews 1950 [=Chenopodium baryosmon Roem. & Schult. 1820; incl. S. foetida Del. 1813 (n. n.)] SY72
Salsola kali L. 1753 [incl. S. australis Br. 1810, S. brachypteris Moq. 1840, S. kali var. brachypteris (Moq.) Benth. 1807, S. kali var. leptophylla Benth. 1870, S. macrophylla Br. 1810, S. ruthenica Iljin 1934, S. kali ssp. ruthenica (Iljin) Soó in Soó & Jáv. 1951, S. kali var. strobilifera Benth. 1870, S. australis var. strobilifera (Benth.) Domin 1921] W84
Sarcocornia blackiana (Ulbr.) Scott 1978 [=Salicornia blackiana Ulbr. 1934, Arthrocnemum heptiflorum Moss ex Fourc. 1941 (nom. illeg.), Sal. pachystachya Black 1921 non Ung.-Sternb. 1866] W84
Sarcocornia quinqueflora (Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.) Scott 1977 [=Salicornia quinqueflora Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb. 1866; incl. Sal. australis Sol. ex Muell. 1869, Sal. australis Sol. ex Benth. 1870 non Sol. ex Muell. 1869, Arthrocnemum heptiflorum Moss 1954 non Moss ex Fourc. 1941] W84
*Scleroblitum atriplicinum (Muell.) Ulbr. 1934 [=Blitum atriplicinum Muell. 1855, Chenopodium (sect. *Atriplicina) atriplicinum (Muell.) Muell. 1869; incl. Euxolus enervis Muell. 1859, Amaranthus enervis (Muell.) Muell. ex Benth. 1870, A. tenuis Benth. 1870] W84
Sclerostegia arbuscula (Br.) Wilson 1980 [=Salicornia arbuscula Br. 1810, Arthrocnemum arbuscula (Br.) Moq. 1840, Halocnemum arbuscula (Br.) Bailey 1883, Pachycornia arbuscula (Br.) Scott 1977] W84
*Sclerostegia tenuis (Benth.) Wilson 1980 [=Salicornia tenuis Benth. 1870, Pachycornia tenuis (Benth.) Black 1919; incl. Sa. donaldsonii Ewart & White 1909, Arthrocnemum donaldsonii (Ewart & White) Gardner 1930] W84
Theleophyton Moq. in DC. 1849 FO03, W84 [=Atriplex ser. Theleophyton (Moq.) Benth. 1870 W84, A. subg. Theleophyton (Moq.) Volkens 1893 W84]
*Theleophyton billardierei (Moq.) Moq. in DC. 1849 W84 [=Obione billardieri Moq. 1840 A61, Atriplex billardierei (Moq.) Hook. 1853 W84; incl. A. (Theleophyton) chrystallina Hook. f. 1847 A61]
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
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Last updated: 1 January 2022.
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