Ischyrospongia

Longitudinal section of Claracrusta ungdarelloidea, from Vachard et al. (2001).

Belongs within: Eukaryota.

The Ischyrospongia was originally recognised as a grouping of hypercalcified sponges including the sclerosponges and stromatoporoids. Some subsequent authors have also placed a number of Palaeozoic microfossils of uncertain affinities within this taxon.

<=Ischyrospongia
    |  i. s.: Eflugelia johnsoni (Flügel 1966) Vachard in Massa & Vachard 1979 VH01
    |         Chovashovia densifolia Vachard 1980 VH01
    |         Evlaniopsis montana Vachard 1980 VH01
    |         Wetheredellidae [Wetheredellaceae] MSV00
    |           |--Asphaltinoides Devera 1987 MSV00
    |           |--Koskinobullina Cherchi & Schroeder 1979 MSV00
    |           `--Wetheredella Wood 1948 VH01
    |                `--*W. silurica Wood 1948 LT64b
    |--Palaeosiphonocladales VH01
    |--Aoujgaliida VH01
    |    |  i. s.: Amorfia Racz 1965 VH01
    |    `--Ptychocladiidae LT64a
    |         |--Ptychocladia Ulrich & Bassler 1904 [Ptychocladiinae] LT64a
    |         |    `--*P. agellus Ulrich & Bassler 1904 LT64a
    |         `--Stacheiinae LT64a
    |              |--Stacheia Brady 1876 [=Arstachecoum Rhumbler 1913, Stacheya Delage & Hérouard 1896] LT64a
    |              |    `--*S. marginuloides Brady 1876 [=*Arstachecoum marginuloides, *Stacheya marginuloides] LT64a
    |              |--Aoujgalia Termier & Termier 1950 LT64a
    |              |    `--*A. variabilis Termier & Termier 1950 LT64a
    |              |--Fourstonella Cummings 1955 LT64a
    |              |    `--*F. fusiformis (Brady 1876) [=Stacheia fusiformis] LT64a
    |              |--Palaeonubecularia Reitlinger 1950 LT64a
    |              |    `--*P. fluxa Reytlinger 1950 LT64a
    |              `--Stacheoides Cummings 1955 LT64a
    |                   `--*S. polytrematoides (Brady 1876) [=Stacheia polytrematoides] LT64a
    `--Moravamminida VH01
         |--Ungdarella Maslov 1956 [Ungdarellidae] VH01
         |    `--U. uralica  VH01
         |--Moravamminidae [Moravammininae] LT64a
         |    |--Vasicekia Pokorný 1951 LT64a
         |    |    `--*V. moravica Pokorný 1951 LT64a
         |    |--Turrispiroides Reytlinger in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959 (see below for synonymy) LT64a
         |    |    `--*T. mira (Reytlinger 1950) [=*Turrispira mira] LT64a
         |    |--Moravammina Pokorný 1951 [incl. Litya Bykova in Bykova & Polenova 1955] LT64a
         |    |    |--*M. segmentata Pokorný 1951 LT64a
         |    |    `--M. sizranensis (Bykova in Bykova & Polenova 1955) [=*Litya sizranensis] LT64a
         |    `--Kettnerammina Pokorný 1951 [incl. Saccorhina Bykova in Bykova & Polenova 1955] LT64a
         |         |--*K. givetiana Pokorný 1951 LT64a
         |         `--K. trivirgulina (Bykova in Bykova & Polenova 1955) [=*Saccorhina trivirgulina] LT64a
         `--Donezellidae VH01
              |--Donezellinae VH01
              `--Claracrustinae VH01
                   |  i. s.: ‘Ungdarella’ peratrovichensis Mamet & Rudloff 1972 VH01
                   |--Berestovia Berchenko 1982 VH01
                   |--Stacheoidella Mamet & Roux in Mamet et al. 1987 VH01
                   |--Iberiaella Racz 1984 VH01
                   |--Kleinbergella Mamet & Boulvain 1992 VH01
                   |--Pseudostacheoides Petryk & Mamet 1972 VH01
                   `--Claracrusta Vachard 1980 VH01
                        |--*C. catenoides (Homann 1972) [=Girvanella catenoides] VH01
                        |--C. claracrusta VH01
                        |--C. hirtipes VH01
                        `--C. ungdarelloidea Vachard, Hauser et al. 2001 VH01

Turrispiroides Reytlinger in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959 [=Turrispira Reytlinger 1950 nec Conrad 1866 nec Petho 1906] LT64a

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.

[MSV00] Munnecke, A., T. Servais & D. Vachard. 2000. A new family of calcareous microfossils from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden. Palaeontology 43 (6): 1153–1172.

[VH01] Vachard, D., M. Hauser, R. Martini, L. Zaninetti, A. Matter & T. Peters. 2001. New algae and problematica of algal affinity from the Permian of the Aseelah Unit of the Batain Plain (East Oman). Geobios 34 (4): 375–404.