Belongs within: Lagenida.
The Polymorphinidae are a group of multichambered forams known from the Triassic to the present (Loeblich & Tappan 1964b).
Characters (from Loeblich & Tappan 1964b): Test multilocular, chambers in spiral or sigmoidal coil about longitudinal axis of growth, or biserial or uniserial, typically somewhat overlapping; aberrant forms may be irregular and attached; apertures all develop in same direction, terminal, radiate.
<==Polymorphinidae
|--Ramulininae LT64b
| |--Ramulinella Paalzow 1932 LT64b
| | `--*R. suevica Paalzow 1932 LT64b
| |--Sporadogenerina Cushman 1927 LT64b
| | `--S. proteiformis (Flint 1899) [=Ramulina proteiformis; incl. *S. flintii Cushman 1927] LT64b
| |--Washitella Tappan 1943 LT64b
| | `--*W. typica Tappan 1943 LT64b
| `--Ramulina Jones in Wright 1875 C40
| |--*R. laevis Jones in Wright 1875 C04
| |--R. aculeata [=Dentalina aculeata] LT64b
| `--R. globulifera C40
|--Webbinellinae LT64a
| |--Webbinella Rhumbler 1904 [=Arwebbinum Rhumbler 1913] LT64b
| | `--*W. hemisphaerica (Jones, Parker & Brady 1865) [=Trochammina (Webbina) irregularis hemisphaerica] LT64b
| |--Histopomphus Loeblich & Tappan 1949 LT64b
| | `--*H. redriverensis (Tappan 1943) [=Globulina redriverensis] LT64b
| |--Vitriwebbina Chapman 1892 LT64b
| | `--*V. sollasi Chapman 1892 LT64b
| `--Bullopora Quenstedt 1856 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
| |--*B. rostrata Quenstedt 1856 C40
| |--B. breoni (Terquem & Piette in Terquem 1862) (see below for synonymy) LT64b
| |--B. irregularis (d’Orbigny 1850) [=Webbina irregularis, *Arperneroum irregulare] LT64b
| `--B. laevis C40
`--Polymorphininae C40
| i. s.: Enantiomorphina Marie 1941 LT64b
| `--*E. lemoinei Marie 1941 LT64b
| Falsoguttulina Bartenstein & Brand 1949 LT64b
| `--*F. wolburgi Bartenstein & Brand 1949 LT64b
| Globulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 [incl. Aulostomella Alth 1850] LT64b
| |--*G. gibba (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Globuline) gibba, Guttulina (*Globulina) gibba] LT64b
| |--G. arenacea Brotzen 1948 LT64a
| |--G. inaequalis C40
| `--‘*Aulostomella’ pediculus Alth 1850 LT64b
| Paradentalina Uchio 1960 LT64b
| `--*P. muraii (Uchio 1953) [=Enantiodentalina muraii] LT64b
| Pyrulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
| |--*P. gutta (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Pyruline) gutta] LT64b
| |--P. cylindroides C40
| |--P. fusiformis C40
| `--‘Polymorphina’ lanceolata Reuss 1851 [=*Pyrulinella lanceolata] LT64b
| Pyrulinoides Marie 1941 LT64b
| `--*P. acuminata (d’Orbigny 1840) [=Pyrulina acuminata] LT64b
| Sagoplecta Tappan 1951 LT64b
| `--*S. goniata Tappan 1951 LT64b
| Tobolia Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 LT64b
| `--*T. veronikae Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
|--Glandulopleurostomella Silvestri 1903 G-B87 [incl. Paleopolymorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40]
| |--*G. subcylindrica (Hantken 1875) [=Polymorphina subcylindrica] LT64b
| |--G. pleurostomelloides (Franke 1928) G-B87 (see below for synonymy)
| `--‘Paleopolymorphina’ rara Vassilenko 1961 G-B87
|--Eoguttulina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40
| |--*E. anglica Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40
| `--E. polygona C40
|--Spirofrondicularia Schubert 1902 LT64b [incl. Quadrulina Cushman & Ozawa 1930 C40, LT64b]
| |--*S. frondicularioides (Chapman 1894) [=Polymorphina frondicularioides] LT64b
| |--‘Quadrulina’ lagenalis C40
| `--‘Polymorphina’ rhabdogonoides Chapman 1894 [=*Quadrulina rhabdogonoides] LT64b
`--+--Pseudopolymorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40
| |--*P. hanzawai Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04
| |--P. atlantica LT64a
| |--P. jonesi C40
| |--P. rutila C40
| `--P. tasmanica Parr & Collins 1937 Q72
|--Guttulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 C40 [incl. Sigmomorpha Cushman & Ozawa 1928 LT64b]
| |--*G. communis (d’Orbigny 1826) [=Polymorphina (Guttuline) communis] LT64b
| |--G. cuspidata M08
| |--G. lactea M62
| |--G. problema C40
| |--G. pulchella C40
| |--G. sadoensis (Cushman & Ozawa 1928) [=*Sigmomorpha sadoensis] LT64b
| `--G. trigonula M08
`--+--Sigmomorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40 (see below for synonymy)
| |--*S. yokoyamai (Cushman & Ozawa 1928) [=Sigmomorpha (*Sigmomorphina) yokoyamai] LT64b
| |--S. frondiculariformis C40
| |--S. parisiensis Rouvillois 1960 [=S. (*Sigmomorphinoides) parisiensis] LT64b
| |--S. pseudoregularis C40
| |--S. semitecta [incl. S. semitecta var. terquemiana] C40
| |--S. spatula (Lalicker 1950) [=*Ellisina spatula, *Pealerina spatula] LT64b
| |--S. williamsoni M62
| `--S. wynyardensis Parr & Collins 1937 Q72
`--+--Sigmoidella Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04 [incl. Sigmoidina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 LT64b]
| |--*S. kagaensis Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C04
| |--S. elegantissima C40
| `--S. pacifica Cushman & Ozawa 1928 [=S. (*Sigmoidina) pacifica] LT64b
`--Polymorphina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 (see below for synonymy)
|--*P. burdigalensis d’Orbigny 1826 (see below for synonymy) LT64b
|--P. charlottensis C40
`--P. complanata C40
Polymorphinidae incertae sedis:
Misilus de Montfort 1808 C40, LT64b
`--*M. aquatifer de Montfort 1808 LT64b
Apiopterina Zborzewski 1834 (n. d.) LT64b
`--*A. orbignyi Zborzewski 1834 LT64b
Raphanulina Zborzewski 1834 (n. d.) LT64b
`--*R. humboldtii Zborzewski 1834 LT64b
‘Diplostoma’ Ebensberger 196 nec Rafinesque 1817 nec de Fromentel 1860 (n. d.) LT64b
`--*D. siamesia Ebensberger 1962 (n. d.) LT64b
Arethusa de Montfort 1808 (n. d.) LT64b
`--*A. corymbosa de Montfort 1808 LT64b
Nomina nuda: Polymorphina labiata [=Ellipsopleurostomella labiata] LT64b
Polymorphina nodosa Battey 1949 B49
Bullopora Quenstedt 1856 [incl. Arperneroum Rhumbler 1913, Arplacopsum Rhumbler 1913, Placopsum Rhumbler 1913] LT64b
Bullopora breoni (Terquem & Piette in Terquem 1862) [=Webbina breoni, *Arplacopsum breoni, *Placopsum breoni] LT64b
Glandulopleurostomella pleurostomelloides (Franke 1928) G-B87 [=Polymorphina pleurostomelloides G-B87, *Paleopolymorphina pleurostomelloides C40]
Polymorphina d’Orbigny 1826 C40 [=Glandulopolymorphina Silvestri 1901 LT64b, Rostrolina von Schlicht 1870 LT64b]
*Polymorphina burdigalensis d’Orbigny 1826 [=*Glandulopolymorphina burdigalensis, *Rostrolina burdigalensis] LT64b
Pyrulina d’Orbigny in De la Sagra 1839 [=Pirulina Bronn & Roemer 1853; incl. Pyrulinella Cushman & Ozawa 1928] LT64b
Sigmomorphina Cushman & Ozawa 1928 C40 [incl. Ellisina Lalicker 1950 non Norman 1903 LT64b, Pealerina Lalicker in Thalmann 1950 LT64b, Sigmomorphinoides Rouvillois 1960 LT64b]
*Tobolia veronikae Dain in Bykova et al. 1958 [=T. veronica Bykova, Dain & Fursenko in Rauzer-Chernousova & Fursenko 1959] LT64b
*Type species of generic name indicated
REFERENCES
[B49] Battey, M. H. 1949. The geology of the Tuakau-Mercer area, Auckland. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 77 (3): 429–455.
[C40] Cushman, J. A. 1940. Foraminifera: Their classification and economic use 3rd ed. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).
[G-B87] Gawor-Biedowa, E. 1987. New benthic foraminifers from the Late Cretaceous of Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 32 (1–2): 49–72.
[LT64a] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964a. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 1. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.
[LT64b] Loeblich, A. R., Jr & H. Tappan. 1964b. Sarcodina: chiefly “thecamoebians” and Foraminiferida. In: Moore, R. C. (ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt C. Protista 2 vol. 2. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press.
[M08] McMillan, I. K. 2008. Reappraisal of foraminiferal assemblages of the Santonia-Campanian Mzamba Formation type section, and their correlation with the stratigraphic succession of the KwaZulu Basin. African Natural History 4: 25–34.
[M62] Monniot, F. 1962. Recherches sur les graviers a Amphioxus de la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu 13: 231–322.
[Q72] Quilty, P. G. 1972. The biostratigraphy of the Tasmanian marine Tertiary. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 106: 25–44.
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