Mimosoideae

Parkia platycephala, copyright Mauricio Mercadante.

Belongs within: Fabales.
Contains: Vachellia, Senegalia, Acacia, Mimosa, Prosopis, Inga, Albizia.

The Mimosoideae are a clade of leguminous plants, mostly trees or shrubs, containing the acacias and related species. Mimosoids generally have small glowers clustered into heads or spikes. Leaves are bipinnate or reduced to phyllodes and often bear extrafloral nectaries. Tribes within Mimosoideae have been distinguished by the configuration of the stamens (Orchard & Wilson 2001) though their validity has been questioned by recent phylogenetic analyses. The Mimoseae bear flowers with a definite number of stamens, about ten, that are all free. The Acacieae bear numerous stamens, usually free though rarely basally united. Most Acacieae have historically been included in the widespread genus Acacia but this genus is now recognised as non-monophyletic, leading to recognition of the segregate genera Vachellia and Senegalia. The white acacia Faidherbia albida is a thorny tree found in dry woodlands in Africa and southwestern Asia.

Members of the tribe Ingeae bear numerous stamens with the filaments commonly united to form a more or less elongate tube. Examples include the Indo-Australian genera Archidendron and Pararchidendron, trees and shrubs with relatively few, large leaflets (usually less than 12) per leaf pinna.

Trees of the pantropical genus Parkia bear flowers in tight, globular inflorescences. They possess imbricate sepals in contrast to the valvate sepals of Mimoseae, Acacieae and Ingeae.

Characters (from Klitgaard & Lewis): Trees, shrubs, lianas, rarely aquatic herbs; root nodules generally present. Leaves compound, usually bipinnate or less frequently paripinnate, often with specialized "ant" glands, rarely with a tendril. Flowers radially symmetrical, usually small, aggregated into heads or spikes; sepals generally united at the base; petals valvate in bud, the median petal (similar in size and shape to the other four) not overlapped or overlapping the other four; stamens (3-)10-100(-100+), usually all similar in shape and size, filaments free or fused at the base, always exserted from the corolla. Seeds usually with an open pleurogram on each lateral surface.

Mimosoideae [Mimosaceae]
    |--Acacieae OW01
    |    |--Faidherbia albida OW01, GC05
    |    |--Vachellia OW01
    |    |--Senegalia OM03
    |    `--Acacia OM03
    |--Parkia K06 [Parkieae OW01]
    |    |--P. auriculata K06
    |    |--P. cachimboensis K06
    |    |--P. gigantean K06
    |    |--P. gigantocarpa K06
    |    |--P. igneiflora K06
    |    |--P. nitida K06
    |    |--P. pendula K06
    |    |--P. platycephala K06
    |    `--P. speciosa CK06
    |--Mimoseae OW01
    |    |--Mimosa G09
    |    |--Dichrostachys cinerea OW01, PP07
    |    |--Entada phaseoloides OW01, B00b
    |    |--Prosopis OW01
    |    |--Adenanthera [Adenanthereae] OW01
    |    |    |--A. abrosperma B00b
    |    |    `--A. pavonina P88
    |    |--Desmanthus OW01
    |    |    |--D. illinoensis G05
    |    |    |--D. velutinus G05
    |    |    `--D. virgatus [incl. D. leptophyllus, D. strictus] C55
    |    |--Leucaena OW01
    |    |    |--L. glauca B88
    |    |    |--L. latisiliqua PP07
    |    |    `--L. leucocephala LK14
    |    `--Neptunia OW01
    |         |--N. dimorpha OW01
    |         |--N. dimorphantha B00a
    |         |--N. gracilis LK14
    |         |--N. major LK14
    |         |--N. monosperma M99
    |         |--N. oleracea GC05 [incl. Desmanthus lacustris C55, D. natans C55, Neptunia stolonifera C55]
    |         `--N. triquetra [=Desmanthus triquetrus] C55
    `--Ingeae OW01
         |--Inga K06
         |--Albizia OW01
         |--Archidendropsis OW01
         |--Pararchidendron pruinosum OW01, B00b
         |--Samanea saman OW01, PP03
         |--Cathormion umbellatum OW01, LK14
         |    |--C. u. ssp. umbellatum LK14
         |    `--C. u. ssp. moniliforme LK14
         |--Paraserianthes OW01
         |    |--P. lophantha B00b
         |    `--P. toona B00b
         |--Calliandra OW01
         |    |--C. eriophylla H93
         |    |--C. houstoniana B00b
         |    |--C. portoricensis MM96
         |    `--C. surinamensis B00b
         `--Archidendron OW01
              |--A. ellipticum [=Pithecellobium ellipticum] P88
              |--A. grandiflorum B00b
              |--A. hirsutum B00a
              |--A. hooglandii H03
              |--A. jiringa P88
              |--A. lucyi B00a
              |--A. molle [=Hausemannia mollis, Hausmannia mollis] S77
              `--A. tenuiracemosum H03

Mimosoideae incertae sedis:
  Acaciaphyllites grevilleoides Berry 1914 CBH93
  Eomimosoidea plumosa Crepet & Dilcher 1977 CBH93
  Brevicolporites guinetii Guinet & Salard-Cheboldaeff 1975 CBH93
  Pithecellobium P88
    |--P. dulce HSS13
    |--P. elegans KIW98
    |--P. flexicaule RJ11
    |--P. monoliferum H42
    |--P. oppositifolium J87
    `--P. saman F11
  Piptadeniopsis lomentifera OW01
  Polyadopollenites OW01
    |--*P. multipartitus OW01
    |--P. granulosus OW01
    `--P. vancampoi OW01
  Acaciapollenites OW01
    |--*A. myriosporites OW01
    |--A. miocenicus Mildenhall & Pocknall 1989 OW01
    |--A. octosporites OW01
    `--A. weissii Macphail & Truswell 1993 OW01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[B88] Bouček, Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International: Wallingford (UK).

[B00a] Braby, M. F. 2000a. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 1. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[B00b] Braby, M. F. 2000b. Butterflies of Australia: their identification, biology and distribution vol. 2. CSIRO Publishing: Collingwood (Victoria).

[CK06] Campbell, P., & T. H. Kunz. 2006. Cynopterus horsfieldii. Mammalian Species 802: 1–5.

[C55] Candolle, A. de. 1855. Géographie Botanique Raisonée: Ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle vol. 2. Librairie de Victor Masson: Paris.

[F11] Fraga, R. M. 2011. Family Icteridae (New World blackbirds). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 684–807. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[G09] Goyder, D. J. 2009. Blepharodon crabronum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae), a new species from the pre-Cambrian serranias of eastern Bolivia. Kew Bulletin 64 (1): 179–181.

[GC05] Granjon, L., J.-F. Cosson, E. Quesseveur & B. Sicard. 2005. Population dynamics of the multimammate rat Mastomys huberti in an annually flooded agricultural region of central Mali. Journal of Mammalogy 86 (5): 997–1008.

[G05] Grissell, E. E. 2005. A review of North American species of Microdontomerus Crawford (Torymidae: Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 14 (1): 22–65.

[H03] Heads, M. 2003. Ericaceae in Malesia: vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology. Telopea 10 (1): 311–449.

[H93] Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press: Berkeley (California).

[H42] Hill, G. F. 1942. Termites (Isoptera) from the Australian Region (including Australia, New Guinea and islands south of the Equator between 140°E. longitude and 170°W. longitude). Commonwealth of Australia Council for Scientific and Industrial Research: Melbourne.

[HSS13] Hirschfeld, E., A. Swash & R. Still. 2013. The World's Rarest Birds. Princeton University Press: Princeton (New Jersey).

[J87] Judd, W. S. 1987. Floristic study of Morne La Visite and Pic Macaya National Parks, Haiti. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum—Biological Sciences 32 (1): 1–136.

[KIW98] Kearns, C. A., D. W. Inouye & N. M. Waser. 1998. Endangered mutualisms: the conservation of plant-pollinator interactions. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 83–112.

[K06] Kwiecinski, G. G. 2006. Phyllostomus discolor. Mammalian Species 801: 1–11.

[LK14] Lyons, M. N., G. J. Keighery, L. A. Gibson & T. Handasyde. 2014. Flora and vegetation communities of selected islands off the Kimberley coast of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement 81: 205–244.

[M99] Matthews, M. 1999. Heliothine Moths of Australia: A guide to bollworms and related noctuid groups. CSIRO Publishing.

[MM96] Mound, L. A., & R. Marullo. 1996. The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International 6: 1–487.

[OM03] Orchard, A. E., & B. R. Maslin. 2003. Proposal to conserve the name Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) with a conserved type. Taxon 52: 362–363.

[OW01] Orchard, A. E., & A. J. G. Wilson (eds) 2001. Flora of Australia vol. 11A. Mimosaceae, Acacia part 1. Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.

[PP07] Pandey, R. P., & P. M. Padhye. 2007. Studies on phytodiversity of Arid Machia Safari Park-Kailana in Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 49: 15–78.

[PP03] Pilot, G., R. Pratelli, F. Gaymard, Y. Meyer & H. Sentenac. 2003. Five-group distribution of the Shaker-like K⁺ channel in higher plants. Journal of Molecular Evolution 56: 418–434.

[P88] Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

[RJ11] Rising, J. D., A. Jaramillo, J. L. Copete, P. G. Ryan & S. C. Madge. 2011. Family Emberizidae (buntings and New World sparrows). In: Hoyo, J. del, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie (eds) Handbook of the Birds of the World vol. 16. Tanagers to New World Blackbirds pp. 428–683. Lynx Edicions: Barcelona.

[S77] Steenis, C. G. G. J. van. 1977. Bignoniaceae. Flora Malesiana, Series I—Spermatophyta, Flowering Plants 8 (2): 114–186.

Last updated: 6 June 2022.