Atropacarus

Atropacarus sp., copyright Scott Justis.

Belongs within: Phthiracaridae.

Atropacarus is a cosmopolitan genus of phthiracarid mites with three or four pairs of closely-placed setae on the inner margin of the ano-adanal plates. The type subgenus Atropacarus, with four pairs of such setae, is sometimes treated separately from the remaining subgenera with three pairs, which are then placed as the genus Hoplophorella. Members of the subgenus Kakophthiracarus are characterised by having all setae in the anogenital region very short and fine.

<==Atropacarus Ewing 1917 [incl. Helvetacarus Mahunka 1993] S04
    |--A. (Atropacarus) N07
    |    |--*A. (A.) striculus (Koch 1835) S04 [=Hoplophora stricula S04, Steganacarus striculus G34]
    |    |    |--A. s. striculus (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    `--A. s. insularis (Weigmann 1976) [=Steganacarus insularis] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) absimilis (Niedbała 1982) [=Steganacarus (A.) absimilis] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) clavatus Aoki 1980 N86a [=A. striculus clavatus A80]
    |    |--A. (A.) clavigerus (Berlese 1904) N84 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (A.) csiszarae (Balogh & Mahunka 1979) [=Steganacarus csiszarae] N86a
    |    |--A. (A.) decipiens (Niedbała 1984) [=Steganacarus (A.) decipiens] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) echinodiscus (Mahunka 1982) [=Steganacarus echinodiscus] N86a
    |    |--A. (A.) folious Niedbała 2003 N07
    |    |--A. (A.) griseus (Niedbała 1984) [=Steganacarus (A.) griseus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) immundus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) immundus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) inculpatus (Niedbała 1984) [=Steganacarus (A.) inculpatus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) maculosus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) maculosus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) mirabilis (Mahunka 1979) [=Steganacarus mirabilis] N86a
    |    |--A. (A.) murciensis Niedbała 1986 N86b
    |    |--A. (A.) obesus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) obesus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) ochraceus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) ochraceus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) parvulus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) parvulus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) perversus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) perversus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) phyllophorus (Berlese 1904) N86a (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (A.) platakisi (Mahunka 1979) N86a, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (A.) serratus (Feider & Suciu 1957) N84, S04 [=Steganacarus serratus S04]
    |    |--A. (A.) substrictus (Niedbała 1983) [=Steganacarus (A.) substrictus] S04
    |    |--A. (A.) terrapene (Jacot 1937) [=Steganacarus terrapene] N86a
    |    `--A. (A.) wandae (Niedbała 1981) N86a [=Steganacarus wandae S04; incl. S. navarrensis Moraza 1985 S04]
    |--A. (Hoplophorella Berlese 1923) N07, S04
    |    |--A. (*H.) cucullatus (Ewing 1909) BB92, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |    |--A. c. cucullatus (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |    `--‘Hoplophorella’ c. curassensis Willmann 1936 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) angolensis Mahunka 1984 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) berninii (Niedbała 1991) [=Protophthiracarus berninii] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) brasiliensis (Niedbała 1988) [=Austrophthiracarus brasiliensis] S04
    |    |--A. (H.) brevipilis (Balogh 1958) [=Steganacarus brevipilis] N86a
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) collaris (Balogh 1958) [=Steganacarus collaris] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) craterifer (Hammer 1971) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (H.) diaphoros Niedbała 2000 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) digna Niedbała 1983 S04 [=Protophthiracarus dignus N86a]
    |    |--A. (H.) dissimilis Niedbała 1998 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) dubia (Niedbała 1992) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) ensifera Mahunka 1985 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) ephippigera (Balogh & Mahunka 1977) [=Steganacarus ephippiger] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) evergladensis (Niedbała 2001) [=Protophthiracarus evergladensis] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) fonseciai (Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1980) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (H.) frondeus Niedbała 2003 N07
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) grandjeani Niedbała 1981 S04 [=Protophthiracarus grandjeani N86a]
    |    |--A. (H.) hamatus (Ewing 1909) N07 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) heterotricha Mahunka 1984 S04
    |    |--A. (H.) insolens (Neidbala 1988) N86a, S04 [=Hoplophorella insolens S04]
    |    |--A. (H.) kulczynskii (Niedbała 1981) [=Hoplophorella kulczynskii] N86a
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) lanceoseta (Balogh & Mahunka 1981) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) lanceosetoides Mahunka 1985 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) lemuria Mahunka 1993 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) manipurensis Misra, Bhaduri & Raychaudhuri 1982 S04
    |    |--A. (H.) minisetosus (Mahunka 1978) [=Hoplophorella minisetosa] N86a
    |    |--‘Hoploderma’ multipunctatum Sellnick 1918 S93
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) neonominata Subías 2004 (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |--A. (H.) nigeriensis Badejo, Woas & Beck 2001 S04
    |    |--A. (H.) oblongus (Niedbała 1983) [=Hoplophorella oblonga] N86a
    |    |--A. (H.) pallens (Niedbała 1983) N91, S04 [=Hoplophorella pallens S04]
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) paraensis (Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1996) [=Protophthiracarus paraensis] S04
    |    |--A. (H.) pergratus Niedbała 1998 [=Hoplophorella pergrata] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) perisi Subías & Sarkar 1984 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) pervicax (Niedbała 1984) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) praeoccupata Subías 2004 (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) prominens (Balogh 1958) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) pustulata Mahunka 1993 S04
    |    |--A. (H.) rangiroaensis (Hammer 1972) [=Hoplophorella rangiroaensis] N86a
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) remigera (Berlese 1923) [=Phthiracarus (Trachyhoplophora) remiger] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) repetita Subías 2004 (see below for synonymy) S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) sabahna Mahunka 1991 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) sculptilis (Niedbała 1988) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (H.) singularis (Sellnick 1959) N91, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--A. (H.) stilifer (Hammer 1961) N91, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) subciliata Mahunka 1983 S04
    |    |--A. (H.) subitus (Niedbała 1983) [=Hoplophorella subita] N86a
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) subsellata Balogh & Mahunka 1977 S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) tripartita (Niedbała & Schatz 1996) [=Protophthiracarus tripartitus] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) unqus (Niedbała 1991) [=Notophthiracarus unqus] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) varia (Niedbała & Schatz 1996) [=Protophthiracarus varius] S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) varians Jacot 1933 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (H.) venusta Niedbała 1983 S04 [=Protophthiracarus venustus N86a]
    |    `--A. (H.) vitrinus (Berlese 1913) N01, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (Kakophthiracarus Mahunka 1992) S04
    |    |--A. (K.) tuberculosissima (Mahunka 1978) N86a, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (K.) balazsi Mahunka 1983 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (K.) cavernosa Mahunka 1987 S04
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (K.) enigmatica (Mahunka 1996) [=Kakophthiracarus enigmaticus] S04
    |    |--A. (K.) multirugosus (Mahunka 1978) N86a, S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    |--‘Hoplophorella’ (K.) multituberculata (Balogh & Mahunka 1966) S04 (see below for synonymy)
    |    `--‘Hoplophorella’ (K.) mwali (Mahunka 1994) [=Kakophthiracarus mwali] S04
    `--‘Hoplophorella’ (Steganacarellus Mahunka 1986) S04
         |--‘Hoplophorella’ (*S.) reducta (Mahunka 1986) [=*Steganacarellus reductus] S04
         |--‘Hoplophorella’ (S.) heterosetosa (Niedbała 1988) [=Notophthiracarus heterosetosus] S04
         |--‘Hoplophorella’ (S.) ‘heterotricha’ (Niedbała 2000) (see below for synonymy) S04
         |--‘Hoplophorella’ (S.) paraparvula (Niedbała 2000) [=Notophthiracarus paraparvulus] S04
         |--‘Hoplophorella’ (S.) parvula (Niedbała 1998) [=Notophthiracarus parvulus] S04
         `--‘Hoplophorella’ (S.) perlucunda (Niedbała 2000) [=Notophthiracarus perlucundus] S04

Atropacarus incertae sedis:
  A. bichei Niedbała 1986 S04
  A. ciliosus Niedbała 2002 S04
  A. clavatus Aoki 1980 [=A. sticulus clavatus] S04
  A. controversus Niedbała 2000 S04
  A. genavensis (Mahunka 1993) [=Helvetacarus genavensis] S04
  A. inconditus Mahunka 1991 S04
  A. macrosculpturatus (Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp 1999) [=Steganacarus macrosculpturatus] S04
  A. multisetosus Niedbała 2002 S04
  A. paraclavatus Niedbała 2002 S04
  A. punctulatus Moraza 1985 S04
  ‘Hoplophorella’ thoreaui (Jacot 1930) N83

Atropacarus (Atropacarus) clavigerus (Berlese 1904) N84 [=Hoploderma clavigerum N84, Steganacarus (A.) clavigerus N84; incl. Phthiracarus lutulentus Sellnick 1920 S04]

Atropacarus (Atropacarus) phyllophorus (Berlese 1904) N86a [=Hoploderma phyllophorum S04, Steganacarus phyllophorus N86a; incl. S. ropalus Feider & Suciu 1957 S04]

Atropacarus (Atropacarus) platakisi (Mahunka 1979) N86a, S04 [=Steganacarus platakisi S04; incl. A. papillatus Gil-Martín, Subías & Arillo 1992 S04]

*Atropacarus (Atropacarus) striculus striculus (Koch 1835) [incl. Steganacarus diaphanus Jacot 1930, S. senex Aoki 1958, S. trichosus Mahunka 1982] S04

Atropacarus (*Hoplophorella) cucullatus (Ewing 1909) BB92, S04 [=Hoploderma cucullatum S04, Hoplophora cucullatum BB92, *Hoplophorella cucullata S04]

Atropacarus (*Hoplophorella) cucullatus cucullatus (Ewing 1909) [incl. Hoplophorella cucullata cuculloides Jacot 1933, Hoploderma licnophorum Berlese 1913] S04

Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) hamatus (Ewing 1909) N07 [=Hoploderma hamatum S04, Hoplophorella hamata S04; incl. Hoplophorella cochlearia Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1993 S04, Hoplophorella cuneiseta Mahunka 1988 S04, Hoplophorella cucullata floridae Jacot 1933 S04, Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) floridae N91, Hoplophorella glauca Hammer 1972 S04, A. (H.) glaucus N07, Hoplophorella ligulifera Mahunka 1987 S04, Phthiracarus (H.) cucullatus obsoletior Berlese 1923 S04, Hoplophorella schauenbergi Mahunka 1978 S04, Atropacarus (H.) schauenbergi N91, Hoplophorella spatulata Parry 1980 S04]

Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) singularis (Sellnick 1959) N91, S04 [=Hoplophorella singularis S04; incl. H. queenslandicus Balogh & Mahunka 1978 S04, H. regalis Mahunka 1978 S04, H. sundarbanensis Sanyal & Bhaduri 1982 S04]

Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) stilifer (Hammer 1961) N91, S04 [=Steganacarus stilifer S04, Hoplophorella stilifera S04; incl. Hoplophorella benoiti Mahunka 1984 S04]

Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) vitrinus (Berlese 1913) N01, S04 [=Hoploderma vitrinum S04, Hoplophorella vitrina S04; incl. Hoplophorella africana Wallwork 1967 S04, Steganacarus andrei Balogh 1958 S04, Hoplophorella lienhardi Mahunka 1987 S04, H. raychaudhurii Subías & Sarkar 1984 S04, H. scapellata Aoki 1965 S04, Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) scapellatus N91]

Atropacarus (Kakophthiracarus) multirugosus (Mahunka 1978) N86a, S04 [=Steganacarus multirugosus S04, Hoplophorella (K.) multirugosa S04; incl. S. cornutus Mahunka 1978 S04]

Atropacarus (Kakophthiracarus) tuberculosissimus (Mahunka 1978) N86a, S04 [=Steganacarus tuberculosissimus S04, Hoplophorella (K.) tuberculosissima S04; incl. H. horrida Mahunka 1984 S04, H. meszarosi Mahunka 1988 S04, H. (*Kakophthiracarus) tuberosa Mahunka 1988 S04, H. verrucosa Mahunka 1987 S04]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) craterifer (Hammer 1971) S04 [=Steganacarus craterifer S04, Notophthiracarus craterifer N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) dubia (Niedbała 1992) S04 [=Hoplophthiracarus dubius S04, Austrophthiracarus dubius N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) fonseciai (Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio 1980) S04 [=Steganacarus fonseciai S04, Protophthiracarus fonseciai N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) lanceoseta (Balogh & Mahunka 1981) S04 [=Steganacarus lanceosetus S04; incl. H. neglecta Niedbała 1984 S04, Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) neglectus N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) neonominata Subías 2004 [=Protophthiracarus cavernosus Niedbała 2002 non H. cavernosa Mahunka 1987] S04

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) pervicax (Niedbała 1984) S04 [=Hoplophthiracarus pervicax S04, Austrophthiracarus pervicax N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) praeoccupata Subías 2004 [=Atropacarus (H.) tuberosus Niedbała & Schatz 1996 non H. tuberosa Mahunka 1988] S04

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) prominens (Balogh 1958) S04 [=Steganacarus prominens S04, Protophthiracarus promineus N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) repetita Subías 2004 [=Protophthiracarus reductus Niedbała 1991 nec Steganacarellus reductus Mahunka 1986 nec Hoplophorella reducta Mahunka 1988] S04

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) sculptilis (Niedbała 1988) S04 [=Hoplophthiracarus sculptilis S04, Austrophthiracarus sculptilis N86a; incl. Hoplophthiracarus magnus Mahunka 1988 S04]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Hoplophorella) subsellata Balogh & Mahunka 1977 S04 [=Protophthiracarus subsellatus N86a; incl. Steganacarus galeatus Balogh & Mahunka 1978 S04]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Kakophthiracarus) multituberculata (Balogh & Mahunka 1966) S04 [=Steganacarus multituberculatus S04, Notophthiracarus multituberculatus N86a]

‘Hoplophorella’ (Steganacarellus) ‘heterotricha’ (Niedbała 2000) [=Arphthicarus heterotrichus non H. heterotricha Mahunka 1984] S04

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[A80] Aoki, J. 1980. A revision of the oribatid mites of Japan. I. The families Phthiracaridae and Oribotritiidae. Bulletin of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Yokohama National University 6 (2): 1–89.

[BB92] Balogh, J., & P. Balogh. 1992. The Oribatid Mites Genera of the World vol. 1. Hungarian Natural History Museum: Budapest.

[G34] Grandjean, F. 1934. Phthiracarus anonymum, n. sp. Revue Française d'Entomologie 1 (1): 51–58.

[N83] Niedbała, W. 1983. Phthiracaridae nouveaux de l'Ouganda (Acari, Oribatida). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 44 (1): 109–123.

[N84] Niedbała, W. 1984. Phthiracaridae (Acari, Oribatida) nouveaux d'Asie occidentale. Annales Zoologici 38 (10): 225–241.

[N86a] Niedbała, W. 1986a. Catalogue des Phthiracaroidea (Acari), clef pour la détermination des espèces et descriptions d'espèces nouvelles. Annales Zoologici 40 (4): 309–370.

[N86b] Niedbała, W. 1986b. Phthiracaroidea (Acari Oribatida Euptyctima) nouveaux d'Espagne meridionale. Redia 69: 93–104.

[N91] Niedbała, W. 1991. Preliminary hypotheses on the biogeography of the Phthiracaroidea (Acari, Oribatida). In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 219–231. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[N01] Niedbała, W. 2001. Study of the diversity of Ptyctima (Acari: Oribatida) and quest for centres of its origin: the fauna of the Oriental and Australian regions. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 143–148. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[N07] Niedbała, W. 2007. Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Costa Rica. In: Morales-Malacara, J. B., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, E. Ueckermann, T. M. Pérez, E. G. Estrada-Venegas & M. Badii (eds) Acarology XI: Proceedings of the International Congress pp. 39–42. Instituto de Biología and Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Acarología: México.

[S93] Selden, P. A. 1993. Arthropoda (Aglaspidida, Pycnogonida and Chelicerata). In: Benton, M. J. (ed.) The Fossil Record 2 pp. 297–320. Chapman & Hall: London.

[S04] Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes, Oribatida) del mundo (1758–2002). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305.

Last updated: 7 March 2019.