Micrococcineae

Kocuria rhizophila, from the Biological Resource Centre, NITE.

Belongs within: Actinomycetales.
Contains: Dermabacteraceae, Microbacteriaceae, Cellulomonas, Arthrobacter.

The Micrococcineae are a group of Gram-positive bacteria identified by molecular analysis. Members of the group are phenotypically diverse, including both coccoid and rod-shaped representatives. Members of the genus Micrococcus are aerobic cocci that often yellow to red in colouration. They are found in a diversity of habitats in soil and water; they are abundant on mammalian skin, though they are not known to be pathogenic (Prescott et al. 1996).

Micrococcineae [Dermatophilaceae] GH01a
    |--Microbacteriaceae PHK96
    `--+--Dermatophilus congolensis PHK96, MPV91
       |--+--+--+--Bogoriella [Bogoriellaceae] AK02
       |  |  |  |    `--B. caseilytica AK02
       |  |  |  `--Georgenia Altenburger, Kämpfer et al. 2002 AK02
       |  |  |       `--*G. muralis Alteburger, Kämpfer et al. 2002 AK02
       |  |  `--+--Rarobacter GH01a [Rarobacteraceae RS03]
       |  |     |    `--R. faecitabidus RS03
       |  |     `--Cellulomonadaceae GH01a
       |  |          |--Cellulomonas RS03
       |  |          `--Oerskovia GH01a
       |  `--Promicromonosporaceae RS03
       |       |--Beutenbergia [Beutenbergiaceae] AK02
       |       |    `--B. cavernae AK02
       |       |--+--Cellulosimicrobium cellulans (Metcalf & Brown 1957) Schumann et al. 2001 RS03, JC08 (see below for synonymy)
       |       |  `--Sanguibacter keddieii AK02
       |       `--+--Xylanimonas Rivas, Sánchez et al. 2003 RS03
       |          |    `--*X. cellulosilytica Rivas, Sánchez et al. 2003 RS03
       |          `--Promicromonospora RS03
       |               |--P. citrea RS03
       |               |--P. pachnodae Cazemier, Verdoes et al. 2004^VP IJSEM04
       |               `--P. sukumoe RS03
       `--Micrococcaceae GH01a
            |  i. s.: Demetria terrigena GH01a, AK02
            |--Stomatococcus PHK96
            `--+--Arthrobacter PHK96
               `--+--Renibacterium salmoninarum RP03
                  `--+--+--Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis RP03
                     |  `--Rothia mucilaginosa RP03
                     `--+--Nesterenkonia halobia RP03
                        `--+--Micrococcus RP03
                           |    |  i. s.: M. cryophilus PHK96
                           |    |         M. lysodeikticus P91
                           |    |         M. roseus PHK96
                           |    |--M. lylae RP03
                           |    `--+--M. antarcticus RP03
                           |       `--M. luteus RP03
                           `--+--Kytococcus sedentarius RP03
                              `--Kocuria RP03
                                   |--K. kristinae RP03
                                   `--+--+--K. rhizophila RP03
                                      |  `--K. varians RP03
                                      `--+--K. palustris RP03
                                         `--+--K. polaris Reddy, Prakash et al. 2003 RP03
                                            `--K. rosea RP03 [incl. Deinococcus erythromyxa GH01b, K. erythromyxa RP03]

Micrococcineae incertae sedis:
  Intrasporangiaceae GH01a
    |--Intrasporangium calvum LK03, CM03
    |--Terrabacter tumescens LK03
    |--Terracoccus luteus LK03, BP03
    |--Ornithinicoccus GH01a
    `--Janibacter LK03
         |--*J. limosus LK03
         `--J. terrae Yoon, Lee et al. 2000 [incl. J. brevis Imamura, Ikeda et al. 2000] LK03
  Dermabacteraceae GH01a
  Jonesia [Jonesiaceae] GH01a

Cellulosimicrobium cellulans (Metcalf & Brown 1957) Schumann et al. 2001 RS03, JC08 [=Cellulomonas cellulans RS03]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[AK02] Altenburger, P., P. Kämpfer, P. Schumann, D. Vybiral, W. Lubitz & H.-J. Busse. 2002. Georgenia muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a medieval wall painting. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 52: 875-881.

[BP03] Bruns, A., H. Philipp, H. Cypionka & T. Brinkhoff. 2003. Aeromicrobium marinum sp. nov., an abundant pelagic bacterium isolated from the German Wadden Sea. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1917-1923.

[CM03] Cook, A. E., & P. R. Meyers. 2003. Rapid identification of filamentous actinomycetes to the genus level using genus-specific 16S rRNA gene restriction fragment patterns. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1907-1915.

[GH01a] Garrity, G. M., & J. G. Holt. 2001a. The road map to the Manual. In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., vol. 1. The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria (Boone, D. R., R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity, eds) pp. 119-166. Springer.

[GH01b] Garrity, G. M., & J. G. Holt. 2001b. Class I. Deinococci class. nov. In Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., vol. 1. The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria (Boone, D. R., R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity, eds) pp. 395-420. Springer.

[IJSEM04] IJSEM. 2004. Validation list no. 95: Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSEM. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54: 1-2.

[JC08] Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. 2008. Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58: 1755-1763.

[LK03] Lang, E., R. M. Kroppenstedt, J. Swiderski, P. Schumann, W. Ludwig, A. Schmid & N. Weiss. 2003. Emended description of Janibacter terrae, including ten dibenzofuran-degrading strains and Janibacter brevis as its later heterotypic synonym. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 1999-2005.

[MPV91] Mwase, E. T., R. G. Pegram & M. G. R. Varma. 1991. The development and survival of Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (Acari: Ixodidae) under quasi-natural conditions in Zimbabwe. In Dusbábek, F. & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 239-244. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[P91] Podboronov, V. M. 1991. Antibacterial protective mechanisms of ixodoid ticks. In: Dusbábek, F. & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 375-380. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology (3^rd ed.) Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

[RP03] Reddy, G. S. N., J. S. S. Prakash, V. Prabahar, G. I. Matsumoto, E. Stackebrandt & S. Shivaji. 2003. Kocuria polaris sp. nov., an orange-pigmented psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an Antarctic cyanobacterial mat sample. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 183-187.

[RS03] Rivas, R., M. Sánchez, M. E. Trujillo, J. L. Zurdo-Piñeiro, P. F. Mateos, E. Martínez-Molina & E. Velázquez. 2003. Xylanimonas cellulosilytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from a decayed tree (Ulmus nigra). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 99-103.