Rickettsiales

Cells of Rickettsia ricketsii (red stains) infecting tick haemolymph cells, copyright Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Belongs within: Alphaproteobacteria.

The Ricksettiales are a group of bacteria that are mostly obligately intracellular symbionts of eukaryotes. Members of the Anaplasmataceae lack cell walls and grow only in red blood cells (Prescott et al. 1996). Many Rickettsiales are pathogenic though others are more benign, and it is believed that the ancestors of eukaryotic mitochondria probably belonged to or were close relatives of the Rickettsiales. Members of the

Rickettsiales [Rickettsiae]
    |--Holosporaceae GH01
    |    |--Caedibacter caryophila GH01, ALS95
    |    |--Lyticum GH01
    |    |--Polynucleobacter necessarius GH01, ALS95
    |    |--Pseudocaedibacter GH01
    |    |--Symbiotes GH01
    |    |--Tectibacter GH01
    |    `--Holospora GH01
    |         |--H. elegans ALS95
    |         `--H. obtusa ALS95
    |--Ehrlichiaceae GH01
    |    |--Anaplasmataceae PHK96
    |    |    |--Anaplasma marginale GH01, PHK96
    |    |    `--Aegyptianella PHK96
    |    `--Ehrlichieae PHK96
    |         |--Cowdria ruminantium PHK96, YN91
    |         `--Ehrlichia GH01
    |              |--E. chaffeensis PHK96
    |              |--E. equi MP95
    |              `--E. risticii PHK96
    `--Rickettsiaceae GH01
         |  i. s.: Orientia tsutsugamushi GH01, R01 [=Rickettsia tsutsugamushi R01]
         |--Wolbachieae PHK96
         |    |--Wolbachia pipientis GH01, PHK96
         |    `--Rickettsiella phytoseiuli PHK96, SR91
         `--Rickettsia [Rickettsieae] PHK96
              |--R. akari R01
              |--R. australis R01
              |--R. canada P91
              |--R. conorii YN91
              |--R. helvetica GK01
              |--R. honei R01
              |--R. mooseri PHK96
              |--R. prowazekii LO02
              |--R. quintana A71
              |--R. rickettsii PHK96
              |--R. siberica K91
              `--R. typhi PHK96

Nomen invalidum: Rickettsia felis Bouyer et al. 2001 JC08

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[ALS95] Amann, R. I., W. Ludwig & K.-H. Schleifer. 1995. Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation. Microbiological Reviews 59 (1): 143–169.
[A71] Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

[GH01] Garrity, G. M., & J. G. Holt. 2001. The road map to the Manual. In: Boone, D. R., R. W. Castenholz & G. M. Garrity (eds) Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology 2^nd ed. vol. 1. The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria pp. 119–166. Springer.

[GK01] Gray, J. S., & O. Kahl. 2001. Ticks as vectors of zoonotic pathogens in Europe. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 547–551. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[JC08] Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. 2008. Status of strains that contravene Rules 27 (3) and 30 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria. Opinion 81. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58: 1755–1763.

[K91] Kryuchechnikov, V. N. 1991. Protective responses of Ixodoidea hemocytes. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 331–334. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[LO02] Lang, B. F., C. O’Kelly, T. Nerad, M. W. Gray & G. Burger. 2002. The closest unicellular relatives of animals. Current Biology 12: 1773–1778.

[MP95] Maher, M., R. Palmer, F. Gannon & T. Smith. 1995. Relationship of a novel bacterial fish pathogen to Streptobacillus moniliformis and the fusobacteria group, based on 16S ribosomal RNA analysis. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 18: 79–84.

[P91] Podboronov, V. M. 1991. Antibacterial protective mechanisms of ixodoid ticks. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 375–380. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[PHK96] Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology 3^rd ed. Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

[R01] Russell, R. C. 2001. The medical significance of Acari in Australia. In: Halliday, R. B., D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff (eds) Acarology: Proceedings of the 10^th International Congress pp. 535–546. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

[SR91] Šut’áková, G., & J. Řeháček. 1991. Symbiotic microorganisms (endocytobionts) in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 2 pp. 41–44. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.

[YN91] Yunker, C. E., & R. A. I. Norval. 1991. Field studies on the aggregation-attachment pheromones of Amblyomma spp., vectors of human and animal rickettsioses, in Zimbabwe. In: Dusbábek, F., & V. Bukva (eds) Modern Acarology: Proceedings of the VIII International Congress of Acarology, held in České Budĕjovice, Czechoslovakia, 6–11 August 1990 vol. 1 pp. 79–82. SPB Academic Publishing: The Hague.