Osmiini

Female Osmia coerulescens carrying masticated leaf, copyright Jeremy Early.

Belongs within: Megachilidae.
Contains: Megachilini.

The Osmiini are a group of megachilid bees with an arolium and an elongate pterostigma (Engel 2001). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this group is paraphyletic to the Megachilini (Cardinal et al. 2010).

Characters (from Engel 2001): Arolium present; claws simple (rarely cleft). Pterostigma longer than wide; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m. Integument usually without maculations, frequently metallic or with metallic highlights.

<==Osmiini [Chelostomidae, Glyptapidae, Osmiinae, Osmiites, Trypetini] E01
    |--+--Afroheriades hyalinus CSD10
    |  `--Megachilini CSD10
    `--+--Chelostoma Latreille 1809 CSD10, E01
       |    |--C. californicum Cresson 1878 CSD10
       |    |--C. campanularum R35
       |    |--C. florisomne K62
       |    `--C. mauritanica Lucas 1849 E12
       `--+--+--Protosmia rubifloris (Cockerell 1898) CSD10
          |  `--Heriades Spinola 1808 CSD10, E01 [incl. Trypetes Schenck 1861 E01; Heriadini, Trypetina]
          |       |--H. crucifer Cockerell 1897 CSD10
          |       |--H. parvula R35
          |       `--H. truncorum PK17
          `--+--Hoplitis albifrons (Kirby 1837) CSD10
             `--+--Ashmeadiella aridula Cockerell 1910 CSD10
                `--+--Hoplosmia scutellaris (Morawitz 1868) CSD10
                   `--Osmiina E01
                        |--Metalinella E01
                        `--Osmia Panzer 1806 CSD10, E01
                             |  i. s.: O. bennettae R35
                             |         O. bruneri R35
                             |         O. cerinthidis MS01
                             |         O. claviventris MS01
                             |         O. cognata R35
                             |         O. cornifrons KIW98
                             |         O. cornuta K62
                             |         O. excavata K62
                             |         O. ferruginea R35
                             |         O. cyanea R35
                             |         O. latreillii R35
                             |         O. luctuosa Lucas 1848 E12
                             |         O. mandibularis R35
                             |         O. metallica Lucas 1848 E12
                             |         O. morawitzi R35
                             |         O. nigrifrons R35
                             |         O. novomexicana R35
                             |         O. papaveris MS01
                             |         O. pumila KIW98
                             |         O. rufohirta R35
                             |         O. spinulosa MS01
                             |         O. tricornis R35
                             |         O. tridentata R35
                             |--O. (Osmia) K62
                             |    |--O. (O.) lignaria Say 1837 K62, CSD10
                             |    `--O. (O.) rufa [incl. O. bicornis] K62
                             |--O. (Chalcosmia) coerulescens K62
                             `--O. (Melanosmia) bucephala K62

Osmiini incertae sedis:
  Ochreriades E01
  Apiaria Germar 1839 E01
    `--*A. dubia Germar 1839 E01
  Glyptapis Cockerell 1909 [Glyptapina, Glyptapinae] E01
    |--*G. mirabilis Cockerell 1909 E01
    |--G. densopunctata Engel 2001 E01
    |--G. disareolata Engel 2001 E01
    `--G. fuscula Cockerell 1909 (see below for synonymy) E01
  Andronicus cylindricus [incl. Hoplitis monardae] R35
  Alcidamea R35
    |--A. hypocrita R35
    `--A. producta R35

Glyptapis fuscula Cockerell 1909 [incl. G. neglecta Salt 1931, G. reducta Cockerell 1909, G. reticulata Cockerell 1909] E01

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[CSD10] Cardinal, S., J. Straka & B. N. Danforth. 2010. Comprehensive phylogeny of apid bees reveals the evolutionary origins and antiquity of cleptoparasitism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 107 (37): 16207–16211.

[E01] Engel, M. S. 2001. A monograph of the Baltic amber bees and evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 259: 1–192.

[E12] Evenhuis, N. L. 2012. Publication and dating of the Exploration Scientifique de l'Algérie: Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articulés (1846–1849) by Pierre Hippolyte Lucas. Zootaxa 3448: 1–61.

[KIW98] Kearns, C. A., D. W. Inouye & N. M. Waser. 1998. Endangered mutualisms: the conservation of plant-pollinator interactions. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 83–112.

[K62] Krombein, K. V. 1962. Natural history of Plummers Island, Maryland. XVI. Biological notes on Chaetodactylus krombeini Baker, a parasitic mite of the megachilid bee, Osmia (Osmia) lignaria Say (Acarina: Chaetodactylidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 75: 237–250.

[MS01] Mocsáry, A., & V. Szépligeti. 1901. Hymenopterák [Hymenopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 121–169. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[PK17] Peters, R. S., L. Krogmann, C. Mayer, A. Donath, S. Gunkel, K. Meusemann, A. Kozlov, L. Podsiadlowski, M. Petersen, R. Lanfear, P. A. Diez, J. Heraty, K. M. Kjer, S. Klopfstein, R. Meier, C. Polidori, T. Schmitt, S. Liu, X. Zhou, T. Wappler, J. Rust, B. Misof & O. Niehuis. 2017. Evolutionary history of the Hymenoptera. Current Biology 27 (7): 1013–1018.

[R35] Rayment, T. 1935. A Cluster of Bees: Sixty essays on the life-histories of Australian bees, with specific descriptions of over 100 new species. Endeavour Press: Sydney.