Enicospilus

Enicospilus sp., copyright Andreas Kay.

Belongs within: Ichneumonidae.

Enicospilus is a cosmopolitan genus of ichneumon wasps, most diverse in tropical regions. Recorded hosts include moths of the families Noctuidae and Lymantriidae (Gauld 1984).

Characters (from Gauld 1984): Medium-sized to large, fore wing length 7–19mm; mandible weakly to strongly tapered, twisted 5–90°; occipital carina complete or narrowly mediodorsally interrupted; interocellar area yellowish or black. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete; propodeum with anterior transverse carina usually complete, the area behind this generally coarsely sculptured, posterior transverse carina absent or vestigial. Fore tibial spur without a membranous flange behind macrotrichial comb; mid and hind trochantelli simple. Fore wing with 1m-cu arcuate to sinuous; discosubmarginal cell with a large glabrous fenestra adjacent to Rs+2r, the area usually bearing one or more detached sclerites. Hind wing with first abscissa of Rs straight or weakly bowed; distal hamuli of similar size and shape.

<==Enicospilus Stephens 1835 (see below for synonymy) G84
    |--E. ramidulus (Linnaeus 1758) MS01, L58 (see below for synonymy)
    |--E. albiger G84
    |--E. amplipennis [incl. E. longinotus] G84
    |--E. antennatus G84
    |--E. atoponeurus [incl. *Atoponeura concolor] G84
    |--‘*Metophion’ bicolor G84
    |--‘*Ceratospilus’ biroi G84
    |--‘Allocamptus’ bituberculatus G84
    |--E. boonamini G84
    |--E. borroloolai G84
    |--E. cameronii [incl. Ophion curvinervis, *Ophiomorpha curvinervis] G84
    |--E. cardaleae G84
    |--E. chiuae G84
    |--E. coarctatus [incl. E. deflexus] G84
    |--E. commoni G84
    |--E. consobrinus G84
    |--‘*Schizospilus’ divisus G84
    |--E. dolosus (see below for synonymy) G84
    |--E. dubitator [incl. E. crassus, E. fulvicaput, E. opimus] G84
    |--E. dubius [=Ophion (Enicospilus) dubius, *Pterospilus dubius] G84
    |--E. flavivenae [incl. E. pilatus, E. stramineus] G84
    |--E. flavocephalus [incl. E. albicaput, E. lunulatus, E. similus] G84
    |--E. fraucai G84
    |--E. fusiformis G84
    |--E. gardei [incl. E. consimilis, E. rex] G84
    |--‘*Pleuroneurophion’ hawaiiensis G84
    |--E. inghami G84
    |--E. insularis G84
    |--E. interruptus [incl. E. melanospilus, E. pellospilus] G84
    |--E. javanus [incl. E. diurnus, E. fulacorensis, E. gephyrus] G84
    |--E. lineolatus [incl. E. flatus, E. gussakovskii, E. striatus, E. striolatus, E. unicornis, E. uniformis] G84
    |--E. melanocarpus (see below for synonymy) G84
    |--E. morleyi [incl. E. trinotatus] G84
    |--‘Ophion (*Dispilus)’ natalensis G84
    |--E. obliquus G84
    |--‘Eremotylus’ orbitalis [=*Eremotyloides orbitalis] G84
    |--E. pseudantennatus G84
    |--E. pulkus G84
    |--E. quogiae G84
    |--E. ruskini G84
    |--E. sausi G84
    |--E. skeltonii G84
    |--E. trimaculatus [=Ophion (Enicospilus) trimaculatus, *Trispilus trimaculatus] G84
    |--E. undulatus P93 (see below for synonymy)
    |--‘Ophion’ unicallosus [=*Amesospilus unicallosus] G84
    `--E. xanthocephalus [incl. E. bullatus, E. clinatus, E. obliquus, E. paraclinatus, E. pexus] G84

Enicospilus Stephens 1835 [=Henicospilus Agassiz 1846; incl. Allocamptus Foerster 1869, Amesospilus Enderlein 1918, Atoponeura Szépligeti 1905, Ceratospilus Szépligeti 1905, Cryptocamptus Brèthes 1909, Cymatoneura Kriechbaumer 1901, Dispilus Kriechbaumer 1894, Eremotyloides Perkins 1915, Metophion Szépligeti 1905, Ophiomorpha Szépligeti 1905 non Lundgren 1891, Pleuroneurophion Ashmead 1900, Pterospilus Kriechbaumer 1901 non Rondani 1856, Schizospilus Seyrig 1935, Trispilus Kriechbaumer 1901] G84

Enicospilus dolosus [incl. E. apicifumatus, E. atricornis, E. dwibinduae, E. hammersteini, E. laticarinatus, E. melanospilus, E. samoanus, E. spilonotus] G84

Enicospilus melanocarpus [incl. E. batavianus, E. brunnis, E. crassivena, E. nigrinervis, E. nigrivenalis, E. nocturnus, E. quintuplex, E. reticulatus, E. turneri, E. uncivena, E. atricornis var. zeylanicus] G84

Enicospilus ramidulus (Linnaeus 1758) MS01, L58 [=Ichneumon ramidulus G84; incl. Ophion merdarius G84, *Enicospilus merdarius G84]

Enicospilus undulatus P93 [=Ophion undulatus G84, *Allocamptus undulatus G84, *Cryptocamptus undulatus G84, *Cymatoneura undulata G84]

*Type species of generic name indicated

REFERENCES

[G84] Gauld, I. D. 1984. An Introduction to the Ichneumonidae of Australia. British Museum (Natural History).

[L58] Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii: Holmiae.

[MS01] Mocsáry, A., & V. Szépligeti. 1901. Hymenopterák [Hymenopteren]. In: Horváth, G. (ed.) Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazása [Dritte Asiatische Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] vol. 2. Zichy Jenő Gróf Harmadik Ázsiai Utazásának Állattani Eredményei [Zoologische Ergebnisse der Dritten Asiatischen Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zichy] pp. 121–169. Victor Hornyánszky: Budapest, and Karl W. Hierseman: Leipzig.

[P93] Pittaway, A. R. 1993. The Hawkmoths of the Western Palaearctic. Harley Books: Colchester.